This study investigated the impacts of limited time in inputting information on mood congruent recall and impression formation. Prior to the experiment, happy, neutral or sad moods were induced. Participants (N=72) were then presented with a description of behaviors of a target person with or without a time constraint, and asked to give impression and answer recall test. The results showed relative mood congruent recall regardless of time constraint. For impression formation, a negative impression was formed under time constraint. The effect of mood, on the other hand was observed under no time constraint condition, especially a more positive impression was formed in positive mood relative to neutral or sad moods. It would appear that there were differences in on-line judgment between time constraint and no time constraint because different impression ratings were seen at the end of experiment in positive mood, regardless of being equal recall ratio on positive and negative items between time conditions.

抄録全体を表示

This study examined habituation of subjective and psychophysiological reseponses to “agari” (stage fright) state. In this study, we defined “agari” as an internal state of psychological and physiological arousal that occurs in performance situations. Thirteen students gave a speech in front of observers (experimental condition), and another 12 students read an essay aloud without observers (control group). Each condition consisted of 3 trials, performing a single trial per day in 7 day intervals. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and admittance plethysmogram were recorded, together with other subjective measurements. Repetition of task situation attenuated subjective responses of “agari”. As for psychophysiological responses, whereas HR decreased depending on repetition, BP maintained same levels across all three trials. Cardiac output and total peripheral resistance were not affected by repetition. Results did not support the possibility that affective habituation according to repetition of task altered the pattern of hemodynamic response from cardiac dominant to vascular dominant.

抄録全体を表示

Impulsive behaviors are one of the major problematic behaviors. The purpose of this study was to develop an Impulsive Behavior Questionnaire and determine the relationship between impulsive behaviors and personality traits. Study 1 (N=417) used a 35-item questionnaire measuring each of five components of impulsive behavior: physical aggressive behavior, verbal aggressive behavior, indirect aggressive behavior, abandonment/panic behavior, and impulse buying behavior. Five impulsive behavior subscales emerged clearly from exploratory factor analysis. Study 2 (N=353) used a 25-item questionnaire and a replicated factor structure and factor loading similar to Study 1 was obtained. The scales were high in internal consistentcy. In addition, this study examined the effect of personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, disability of attention control, aggression, and reflectivity) on impulsive behavior. The results suggested that differences in impulsive behavior varies by personality trait, suggesting that impulsive behavior might be able to classified by the type.

抄録全体を表示

人は自らの情動を表出したいという願望を持っているが、その実施は困難であったり、社会的な問題を引き起こすことも多い。表出筆記とは、自らの感情を包み隠さず自由に書き表すことを指し、これは、制約下がある多くの状況においても行なうことができる。本論文は、筆記開示とその心身の健康に及ぼす効用についてこれまでの研究を概観していく。自らの感情を筆記することは、健常群でも臨床群でも心身の健康に効果をもたらすことが示されている。この効果は、文化を超えて、また幅広い参加者において繰り返し報告されている。本論文後半では、効果が生じるメカニズムと開示の弊害、そして新たな試みについて論じる。開示を行なうと、一般に短期的なストレス反応が生じた後、長期的な改善効果が見られる。このような開示の効果のメカニズムについては、現在までに、複数の見解が提案され研究が進められている。近年では、筆記開示は新たなテクノロジーと組み合わされて、様々な場面に適用され始めている。

抄録全体を表示