It is widely recognized that the similarities in appearance between the Crane, particularly Red-crowned Crane Grus japonensis, and the Oriental Stork Ciconia boyciana, has previously led to confusion as to their accurate identification. However, the actual situation regarding this confusion has not been studied, and it is unclear how much knowledge people in the past had about both species or whether they were able to tell the two species apart. This paper seeks to clarify the actual situation around Crane and Oriental Stork identification, drawing extensively upon natural historical materials among historical documents of the Edo period. Examination of these documents revealed that the morphology and ecology of both species were accurately understood, and that the recorded information is also accurate even if viewed in the modern period. The fact that these two birds belong to different species is recognized and elaborated due to their differences in medicinal use and food processing, for instance. Natural historical documents from the Edo period indicate the Crane and Oriental Stork were correctly identified as different species, and that the possibility of them being confused was low.

沖縄県南大東島において，2005年6月に巣内で捕食者に左翼をもぎ取られたオスのリュウキュウコノハズクOtus elegansのヒナを保護し，飼育する機会を得た．生後三年目2007年12月までの広告声（ホーホ鳴き）と飼育ケージ内の巣に見立てられた樹洞を引っ掻く行動の季節的変化を記録した．生後二年目2006年9月の換羽時期に初列風切が最後に抜けた14日後にはじめて広告声を発した．樹洞を引っ掻く行動は，生後三年目2007年3月にはじめて記録され，6月に最初の初列風切が抜け始める8日前まで続いた．

キジPhasianus colchicusの4亜種が分布する7都県で，個体群間の高鳴きの変異を明らかにすることを試みた．学習による音声は短期間で変化しやすいから個体群間の違いが生じやすいと思われる．キジ目のキジには音声学習は見つかっていない．結果は，7個体群の高鳴きの音響構造が，本州から九州を通して地理的変異を示した．この地理的変異は，放鳥による亜種間の交雑の影響は低いと考えられた．

ヒガシシナアジサシThalasseus bernsteiniは中国と朝鮮半島で営巣する近絶滅種（CR）の海鳥で，日本でも記録されるであろうと考えられてきた。2018年10月，沖縄県伊良部島近辺で本種が初めて観察された。

Japanese names are a useful tool for Japanese speakers to communicate scientifically about birds. However, over 30 years have already passed since the most influential book treating Japanese names for all modern birds (Yamashina 1986) was published, since when the classification of birds has undergone major changes. Here we provide a revised list of Japanese names for order- and family-level taxa, which adopts the latest classification system (Gill & Donsker 2018).