This study utilizes the methods of cultural anthropology to examine positive attitudes toward corporal punishment in sports clubs in a case study of the boys’ handball club of B High School. The vast majority of the club members did not indicate a positive attitude toward corporal punishment at the time that they were subjected to it, and they interpreted it in diverse ways. However, in a different context, after retirement from the club, the former members now reinterpret their experiences of the sports club, including the corporal punishment, as having a positive value, namely providing growth. Thus, it appears that the finding that persons subjected to corporal punishment are more likely to have strongly positive attitudes toward it, as seen in previous studies, overlooked these attitudes’ possible time-dependent aspect due to methodological limitations. The perception of growth that engenders positive attitudes toward corporal punishment, as clarified by this study, may bear a similarity to the significance of sports club activities as cited by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. This relevance requires careful examination and remains an issue for future research.

Shomei Tomatsu was one of the most influential Japanese photographers of the post-war era. He focused on the lives of the people after Japan’s defeat, but previous studies have emphasized his original photographic method, that is, “group-photographs (gun-shashin)”, the symbolism of which has received much discussion. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the hardships of the lives of his subjects, which he realized and sought to express. The authors first highlighted his traumatic experience of war, which shaped his way of life. It has been suggested that “group-photographs” was created by his mixed feelings about defeat in the war and the rapid social changes in post-war Japan. On the basis of the above findings, the authors examined the ways in which he deepened his understanding of the life and death of atomic bomb victims living in Nagasaki over 30 years by analyzing his “group-photographs” and other materials. This study thus shows how Tomatsu gradually came to perceive individuals in their everyday lives while he also primarily focused on the lives of the survivors of the atomic bomb, living in the misery that it caused. The wounds of the Fifteen Years’ War characterized the way in which he depicted people’s lives.

Although illegal actions and evasion of public participatory processes were previously common during the construction of waste disposal facilities (WDFs) in China, recent examinations show that public participation is being complied with by local administrations. Nevertheless, this paper demonstrates that environmental injustice potentially continues, as seen in the case study of the WDF conflict in city G. Even though the process of public participation has been apparent, followed in this case, a unilateral confirmation of stakeholders’ identities limited the participation qualifications of the inhabitants living in the area influenced by the facility. Not only were their public participation qualifications limited, which breaks the procedural justice, but they also need to tolerate a high accumulation of environmental risk from this construction, which leads to distributive injustice. Therefore, a chain of environmental injustice beginning with procedural injustice caused further distribution injustice, and this chain is hidden in legal participation tokenism.