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In wire EDM, better exclusion of debris and bubbles from the working gap is important to keep stable electrical discharges and high-performance wire EDM. However, the flow field of working fluid in the gap has not yet been made clear sufficiently. The purpose of this study is to clarify the fluid flow and to recommend better jet flushing conditions of working fluid from the nozzles by CFD. In this report, the effects of workpiece thickness and machined kerf length on the flow in the kerf and the frequency of wire breakage are investigated.

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Total performance analysis (TPA) is crucial for life cycle design of production systems in identifying parameters of system elements and those of service to maintain and increase the performance of systems, while reducing life cycle costs and environmental impacts. This report extends TPA in order to quantify the impacts of major service applied to production systems such as inspection, repair, and replacement, on the performance. As one of the major extensions, the method employs life cycle simulation (LCS), which makes the description of each service and related parameters of production systems explicit. The report includes the model of a production system and employed service, and the overview of its life cycle prepared for LCS.

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By electric field impression, the phenomenon of changing viscosity freely is called the ER effect, and the fluid which shows the ER effect is called ER fluid. The application to a clutch etc. is expected from ER fluid. In this study, the high viscosity ER fluid which controlled sedimentation and condensation of ER particles which are the problems of ER fluid was developed. In this high viscosity ER fluid, a phenomenon which the whole fluid hardens was observed, unlike the ER effect with common ER fluid. If this phenomenon is available in addition to usual ER effect, it would be expected that the width of the application to the device of the ER fluid spreads. Therefore, in this study, the parameter which influences this hardening phenomenon was examined.

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The purpose of this study is development of the small magnetic polishing tool for mounting to the NC machine tool. Developed tool has adopted the permanent magnet style for the miniaturization. In addition, it has the uninterrupted slurry supply unit. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the lowering of the processing efficiency by the life of abrasives. By mounting on the magnetic polishing tool to NC machine tool, the application range of magnetic field assisted machining method seems to expand. In this paper, the effect of the magnetic pole arrangement on polishing characteristics was examined experimentally. Actually, the following were examined: polishing pressure and removal quantity and surface roughness in the plane polishing for the magnetic pole arrangement variously. As a result, stabilized removal rate and good surface conditioning were got in the optimum magnetic pole arrangement.

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Study has been made, by using several dispersants of different properties, on dispersion or aggregation statuses of particles in polishing slurries for glass materials, as well as the slurries′ polishing performance. These effects and discussions of their reasons, and the possibility of mechanism clarification also will be reported.

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When glass is cut by sapphire, sapphire and glass react at the cutting point. Then the sapphire becomes worn during the cutting process. It is possible to machining the sapphire using this phenomenon. The purpose of this paper is to examine the mechanism of this machining process. From EPMA analysis of glass chips, it is deduced that the sapphire is react with glass. Therefore, we calculate the removed volume of sapphire based on the reaction process. The calculated values are consistent with the experimental values. In addition, the removed volumes for different crystallographic orientations of sapphire are affected by the difference of plastic slip of each orientation.

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Recently, a multifunction machine, in which a ferrous based powder bed is selectively heated and fused by a laser beam irradiation and the edge of consolidated structure obtained is cut with end mill, has been developed to produce a molding die. This equipment has the advantage that the molding die does not have to be partitioned into separate block to locate the cooling channels. However, the face condition of the cooling channel is not uniform due to the partially molten powder, the adhered powder and pore. This paper deals with an internal finishing of a cooling channel in a molding die with free abrasive grains. The effect of internal face protuberance which is arranged spirally on the finishing performance is investigated. Additionally, the influence of internal finishing of the cooling channel on the thermophysical property is evaluated.

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Downsizing fabrication system is important for industry in cost efficiency. Modification and micro process of micro scale material is also important. In this study, we propose ″Cell in Micro-factory System″, which processes and fabricates microstructure in a micro cell. As the first step, in order to develop processing tools of this system, we experimentally study feasibility of a new processing method using a photo catalyst, TiO2, nano particle as a processing tool, which is excited with light energy.

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Sub-nano particles have some features in terms of increasing of reactivity and coercive force. Sub-nano particles are interested in the development of a new material and medical field according to those features. It is necessary to actuate sub-nano particles in noncontact in the microscopical region. However, an efficient trapping and actuating of sub-nano particles are difficult in a past optical trapping and actuating methods. In addition to the problem, it is difficult to observe sub-nano particles by the diffraction limitation. We demonstrate the system that traps sub-nano particles by periodic localized light and detects trapped sub-nano particles observed by ellipsometric method.

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Ferroelectric ceramics has distributions of spontaneous polarizations caused by crystal grains and domains. Therefore, a transmitted light is depolarized and it is difficult to obtain detailed polarization properties of a ceramic. For measurement of total polarization properties quantitatively, we focused on the Mueller matrix describing all polarization properties including depolarization. For analysis of the influence of crystal grains on polarization properties, we have evaluated dependency of polarization properties of polycrystal of PLZT and single crystal of LiNbO₃ on the applied voltages.

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Electronic speckle pattern interferometry is a useful deformation measurement method. In this paper, new method that can measure the deformation by limited information without using much higher speed cameras is proposed. The optical system that can record some spatial information into each speckle of speckle pattern is set up by using basic characteristics of speckle that has never been used before. The out-of-plane deformation measurement by using only two speckle patterns before and after the deformation can be realized. In experimental results, it is confirmed that the resolution-power of new method is equivalent to that of ordinary method.

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A new technique to measure the shear strain by the image correlation is proposed. The image correlation method is used to measure the transformation of the object. The shear strain is calculated as a result by using this method for the displacement of each point. Then, the partial picture is taken out of the image before the transformation, and the image that receives the shear strain is produced by the calculation. The shear strain can be obtained by using the correlation of the produced image and the image after the transformation. This method can calculate the shear strain directly in a smaller area.

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We are developing a method which can measure deformation along three directions of a continuously deforming object by using three lasers and one color camera. We explain the method and show results of defromation measurement by using the method.

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