Human seminal plasma proteins were analyzed by dual micro two dimensional electrophoresis (dual M2DE). Dual M2DE was well suited for comparing seminal pattern with serum one, because dual M2DE enable to analyze two capillary gel in the first dimension per one slab gel in the second dimension and to stain two samples on a slab gel at the same time. The contour map of seminal and serum pattern by dual M2DE was prepared with a laser densitometer. By measuring integrated density of each spot, relative protein contents (%) of seminal albumin and the spot of pI 5.7 (MW5K) were estimated about 21.2% and about 4.4% respectively. The spot of pI 5.7 (MW5K) was extracted from stained gel piece by a electrophoretic concentrator and subjected to amino acid analysis.

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Two types of new cellulose acetate membrane, Seleca-V membrane, were developed; G membrane with mild electro osmosis and A membrane with marked electro osmosis. G membrane had its application point at the post-γ zone, and A membrane at the pre-albumin zone. G membrane was found to be supericr to A membrane in its resolution, precision and reproducibility for clinical application.

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An anomalous LDH electrophoretic pattern, which was characterized by a diffuse tailing activity in the regions from LDH₁ to cathodal side of LDH₃ with an additional band locating midway between LDH₁ and LDH₂, was detected in a patient's serum. A fresh serum of the patient showed a completely normal electrophoretic pattern and contained only a normal molecular LDH. Surprisingly, the serum after storage at 4°C for a day showed the anomalous pattern and contained a macro-molecular LDH (370kDa). The patient's erythrocytic LDH electrophoretic pattern was normal. The immunoelectrophoresis with anti-whole serum proteins antibody showed LDH activity not only on the precipitin line of IgG but also on one or two unidentified lines in the regions from α₁-globulin fraction to β-globulin fraction. In conclusion, the macro-LDH was formed in the patient's serum during storage at low temperature. The possibility of the macro-LDH occured in an IgG-LDH-some protein(s) complex form could be suggested.

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We separated serum γ-glutamyltransferase isozymes by electrophoresis after elimination of cell membrane/lipoprotein fractions (LP) from human serum by Affi-Gel Blue (AGB) affinity chromatography. Electrophoresis of original serum and the AGB-nonbound fraction (membrane-nonbound GGT) was performed in parallel on cellulose acetate membrane (TAITAN III LIPO). Electrophoretograms stained for GGT showed membrane-bound and -nonbound isozymes of GGT. The membrane-bound GGT isozymes were GGT 1, 2, 2+2' and 4, corresponding to albumin, α₁, α₁+ post α₁ and β in protein fraction, respectively, and the membrane-nonbound GGT isozymes were GGT 1, 2, 2' and 3 (pre α₂). GGT2 and GGT2+2' in chronic hepatitis (2/10, 20%) and liver cirrhosis (8/11, 73%) were in the membrane-bound fraction, while those in alcoholic liver disease (10/10, 100%) and metastatic liver cancer (8/8, 100%) were in the membrane-nonbound fraction.

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We reported a rare case of plasma cell dyscrasia with a variety of μ-heavy chains in the serum. Monoclonal 19S (pentamer) and 7S (monomer) IgM-κ, Bence-Jones protein-κ and μ- heavy chains polymers were detected in the serum. Molecular weights of these μ-heavy chains were revealed as proteins with 86K, 69K 55K and 46K by immunoblotting method. 74K μ-heavy chain with normal molecular weight was not detected in the serum.
The bone marrow was occupied (42%) by plasma cell, which had a few large vacuoles in the cytoplasm. The cell contained μ-heavy chains, whose molecular weights were revealed 74K of normal μ-heavy chain and 56K of free μ-heavy chain. In the urine, Bence-Jones protein-κ and 33K μ-heavy chains were detected. Having obtained these data described above, it was suggested that some modification of processing for μ-heavy chain synthesis and secretion occured in the cytoplasm. Although plasma cells in bone marrow increased (52%), he had no symptoms without therapy. It was considered that this case was very rare in plasma cell dyscrasia, and was interested which mechanism of IgM segmentation occured.

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Equine hemogulobin-α (Hb-α) types have been classified into ten genotypes using the four haploytypes of A, AII, BI and BII which have been identified internationally. However, Hb-α types with the new haplotype not being able to be applied to the ten known Hb-α types, were detected in Hokkaido native horses. These new variants were also observed in other foriegn breeds of horses as well. In addition, since all of these new Hb-α types are clearly controlled by the same new haplotype, this new haplotype was given the name of CII, and then, CI as another haplotype compared with the supposed haplotype CII type. At the same time, an additional classification for the Hb-α types with the new haplotype was demonstrated, and then, some problems for typing them and the differece in the Hb types between donkeys and horses were also discussed.

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Single-stranded template DNA adsorption was found on a plastic container's wall. The adsorption decreased the reaction efficiency of Sanger sequencing reactions. The amount of adsorpted DNA per unit contact area of a plastic container's wall was 2fmol/mm². Adding polyoxyethyrene (20) sorbitan monolaurate effectively reduced the amount of DNA adsorpted. A detectable amount of DNA fragments was produced from only 0.05pmol of single-stranded template DNA by reducing the amount of adsorpted DNA.

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