The majority of the construction waste wood is dismantlement abolition wood. The CCA (chromium, copper, and arsenic) used as a preservative and toxic heavy metals included in the paint pigments are expected to be included in this dismantlement abolition wood. In addition, various metals adhere to wood by the process from construction to dismantlement. We collected 70 samples among the dismantlement abolition woods carried into the crushing chip making facilities of the construction abolition wood, and investigated the external appearance and metal concentration of them. As a result, implications were admitted in hue and the metal concentration of the dismantlement abolition wood. That is, it was clarified that high-strength concentration metals were included in the surface of the dismantlement abolition wood with the hue (i.e., green, yellow, and black), which was remarkably different from the inside of wood. Moreover, it was clarified that high-strength arsenic and copper originated in the preservative of CCA, chrome originated in the preservative and paints, and lead originated in paints. Metal distribution from the surface toward the wick in the dismantlement abolition wood showed that a lot of metals were distributed on the surface of the abolition wood (within 0-10mm).

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In this survey the economic value of various kinds of noise were examined by Contingent Valuation Method using real sound and virtual residential environment. The relationship between WTP and noise reduction in L_Aeq of road traffic, railway, aircraft and Shinkansen noises was examined. The results were that [1] there is a positive correlation between WTP and noise reduction in L_Aeq, [2] the estimated values of road traffic, railway, aircraft and Shinkansen noises were 2, 159-3, 468. 1, 700-2, 880, 2, 219-3, 564 and 2, 184 [dB/person/year], respectively, [3] the estimated value of railway is smaller than those of other traffic noises, and [4] Marginal Willingness To Pay can be regarded as constant for each 1dB reduction at whichever sound level might be.

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Using international comparison survey datasets of 1997 and 2001, we analyzed factors affecting citizen's support for climate change actions. As a climate change actions, we use those questionnaires as whether taking actions for climate change immediately or not for 1997 analysis, and whether need of immediate consensus for binding power or not for 2001. In 1997, those who chose future generations for principle of issue solving, and so did industrialized countries as responsibility of current environmental issues are more likely to support taking climate change actions. In 2001, those who think environmental issues or shortage of natural resources as future generation's greater risks are more likely to support climate change actions. Also, those who see the scope of affected environmental degradation is both community/nation and global, those who evaluate national governments' environmental policies as insufficient are more likely to support actions.

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According to the nationwide monitoring investigation, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), which is predominantly used as plasticizer in flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC), has been detected in various environmental media and foodstuffs. It is known that a large amount of DEHP is emitted to the air during its manufacture of PVC products and their use, and that the major pathway to human intake is food. However, the process how DEHP emitted to the air reaches to humans has not been analyzed quantitatively. In this study, the transport processes of DEHP from the air to humans were investigated using mathematical models of air, soil, plants and cattle. The results showed that DEHP emitted to the air would transport to the aerial part of the plant (leaf, stem and fruit) by dry and wet depositions, furthermore a portion of DEHP would transport to cattle via forage crop. Moreover, DEHP would transport to and accumulate in the soil by the depositions from the air, and would be absorbed to plant roots, but hardly transport to aerial part. Our results suggest that the reduction of the emissions from the industries to the air is one of effective measures to reduce DEHP intake and human health risk.

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The aim of an environmental management system is to enable an organization to plan continual improvement by the organization with respect to the organization's environmental policy. ISO 14001 is widespread among large firms, however, small- and medium-sized enterprises would like to use the system in lower maintenance costs and a simpler structure. ISO 14001 and Eco-Action 21 guidelines (trial version) were adopted by waste management enterprises and the dominant features related to both system construction and applications were discussed. Moreover, a method of evaluation is proposed in order to specify activities beneficial to the environment, as well as a method to evaluate the impact of accidents and emergencies on the environment. While environmental risk management, the specifics of beneficial environmental aspects, and the predominance of a structure of continual improvement are taken into account, the system construction is complex and the audit cost is higher. On the other hand, in the trial version of Eco-Action 21, system construction and maintenance are simple, and it will be highly regarded for its ability to be put into eco-management practice.

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A wetland type green roof garden was constructed on the roof of Shimane University with wood and plastic sheets. The unit size was 1.5 m × 3 m × 0.2 m. The Maximum water depth was controlled to 10 cm. Four units were used in the experiment. Two had no vegetation, only keeping rain water. Hydrophytes were planted in one, and in another terrestrial plants in pots with zeolite were planted. Water temperature and depth were measured during the summer of 2003. Average evaporation rate was estimated by daily change of water depth of the no vegetation unit, it was 4.5mm d^-1. The evapotranspiration rate in the unit with hydrophytes was 7.1 mm d^-1, and the unit with terrestrial plants was 6.0 mm d^-1. The daily maximum water temperatures in the no vegetation units were frequently over 40°C, however, in the unit with hydrophytes, it was controlled at about 30°C. The daily differences of the maximum and minimum water temperatures were also smaller in the unit with hydrophytes, in the range of 5-10°C, than the no vegetation unit, in the range of 15-20°C. Hydrophytes show high ability to control water temperature in a wetland type green roof garden.

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Deterioration of the environment is taking place at a global scale. The Graduate School of Environmental Science was established in this school year on the basis of the previous Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science. It is taking scientific approaches in order to resolve environmental problems at a global scale, so that human beings will not have to face a serious crisis. Our graduate school is making a system to integrate many disciplines and tackle crucial environmental issues. We are developing educational and research programs which focus on global warming, ozone depletion and environmental improvement based on a natural science background. Education is an essentially important issue for a university. We expect new students with strong academic backgrounds on various scientific fields. For tackling environmental problems, many people are required to understand the problems in the correct scientific context. This educational environment is not only limited to the university itself, but is also widely open to external organizations. If we hope to live together with the earth, we ought to create a sustainable world, in which waste is reduced to the minimum level. We are looking for colleagues who wish to work together with us on this important problem.

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Many students nowadays join Master's program at the graduate school of environmental science having a thirst for extensive knowledge of environments. However, they should be advised to deepen a special field of study, and teachers at the program are expected to provide advanced professional education. A doctoral program should pay attention not only to developing young researchers at the forefront of environmental science, but to training some of the students to become leaders who can be active on the international stage. This can lead the students to contribute to solving environmental problems at international organizations. Environmental NGOs in Japan have to be improved to meet the international standard, by which graduates with Master's and doctoral degrees in environmental science may contribute in a global arena. Advanced educational programs should be developed at doctoral level in order to train such advanced professionals.

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This paper discusses the social experiments of environmental education at graduate level which have been done by Graduate School of Environmental Sciences, The University of Tsukuba. This paper used the framework of the era of environmental science, Trow's higher education theory and Gibbons's mode2 theory. The findings are as follows: In 1^st environmental boom when is the period of model, the social experiments of environmental education at graduate level which have been done by Graduate School of Environmental Sciences, The University of Tsukuba are categorized mode2. These attempts spread into many national universities in 2^nd environmental boom when is the period of mode2. In order to solve the environmental problems and create the sustainable society, between the faculties and alumni in traditional Environment-related graduate schools and the faculties in new one should discuss how to systematize Environmental Science which is already institutionalized. Also the various names of environment-related disciplines in various universities are needed to unify the name as "Environmental Science".

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