To elucidate the Ni crystal size and orientation, and to characterize the plating morphology, composition, and hardness, we examined the Ni composite platings electrodeposited from Ni baths containing TiC and SiC particles. The （Ni-TiC and Ni-TiC-SiC） orientation was more random than that of （Watt's Ni and Ni-SiC）. The Ni crystal size of（Ni-TiC and Ni-TiC-SiC）was finer. Moreover, （Ni-TiC and Ni-TiC-SiC） was found to be harder. Ni coated the surface of TiC particles on the Ni-TiC plating very easily creating a rougher surface and voids in the plating. The addition of SiC particles into the Ni-TiC （100 g dm^－3） bath increased the SiC content and decreased the TiC content in the plating. When appropriate amounts of SiC and TiC were mixed, they produced a rough surface without a void. The Ni-TiC （100 g dm^－3）- SiC （40 g dm^－3） composite consisted of dense plating dispersed homogeneously with TiC and SiC particles. It exhibited equal hardness to that of Ni-TiC （100 g dm^－3）.

Covering metal with fluorine resin can create a hydrophobic surface on metals for many applications such as self-cleaning, anti-icing, and corrosion resistance. When fluorine resin is dispersed in a coating, the material's hydrophobicity can be controlled by altering the fluorine resin distribution in the coating. This study investigated fluorine resin dispersion effects on the hydrophobicity of an inorganic coating. The fluorine resin coverage was analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and scanning low-energy electron microscopy （SLEEM）. Hydrophobicity was evaluated by the water contact angle. The contact angle on inorganic coatings in which fluorine resin was dispersed increased concomitantly with increasing amounts of fluorine resin. Furthermore, the surface coverage of the fluorine resin increased as the fluorine resin amount increased, but the coverage was not directly proportional to the resin amount. Results suggest that the fluorine resin is concentrated in the outermost layer of the coatings. The coating hydrophobicity is determined by the fluorine resin coverage on the outermost layer according to Cassie's law. The water contact angle also depends on the drying temperature of the coatings because the fluorine resin spreads in the outermost layer when the coating is dried at a temperature higher than the resin softening point.