Soluble and insoluble (suspended) organic matters of sea water, brine and bittern were studied.
(1) Nitrogen compounds were found to increase with increase in the chloride contents, and the increase in carbohydrate contents was much more, in the brine and bittern. Ratio of C:N was 7 to 8 in the suspended matters of sea water, but it increase to about 10 to 40 in the brine and bittern.
(2) H=49.3e^E-37.0, where H is soluble organic matter contents (mg/L), and E is optical density at 463 mμ wave length.
(3) The suspended matter in the brine is found to be the cause of foaming.

抄録全体を表示

The removal of dissolved oxygen in boiler feed water is necessary, in order to prevent the boiler corrosion.
Sodium sulphite has been used as a chemical for the removal of oxygen in water. But because sodium sulphite increases the total dissolved solids in boiler water, hydrazine is beginning to be adapted recently instead.
However, the rate of reaction between hydrazine and oxygen in not yet fully established. Therefore, the writer investigated this point, and following results were obtained.
(1) The rate of reaction between hydrazine and oxygen was quite low. The pH value of solution had no effect on the rate of reaction. Copper ions increased the rate of reaction but nickel and manganese ions had no effect.
(2) When distilled water was used, the original oxygen content of about 8.5 ppm reduced by hydrazine after 5 hours to 0.05 ppm. In this occasion, the content of hydrazine was more than 16 ppm and the content of copper ions was varied bewteen 1 ppm and 3 ppm.

抄録全体を表示

For the determination of bromide in the presence of chloride, bromide is usually oxidized to bromate by the addition of sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite.
In this report, an electrolytic oxidation of bromide to bromate in the solution containing chloride was devised.
As the experiments, Kolthoff-Yutzy method in determination of bromide in the presence of chloride, preparations of hypochlorous acid, hypochlorite and chlorate by the direct electrolysis of sodium chloride solution and electrolytic conditions in the formation of bromate from chloride-bro-mide solution were studied.
By Kolthoff-Yutzy method using sodium hypochlorite as an oxidant, results of high degree of accuracy, repeatability and reproducibility in the determination of bromide were obtained. However, in the presence of magnesium or calcium, removal of them before determination was considered preferable.
The determination of bromide and bromate each in the mixture by this method was found to be able.
In the preparation of hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite, by the variable current densities, recognizable effect were not observed. But in the presence of the more amount of sodium chloride and the less amount of sodium hydroxide, the higher maximum value of the concentration of hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite in the solution was obtained and the larger rate of formation were observed.
And the higher amounts of sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide present, the less became the formation of chlorate.
For the quantitative electrolytic oxidation of bromide to bromate, presence of chloride was seemed indispensable. From this fact, the author considered that bromide was directly oxidized on the anode, and also it was oxidized by hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite which were produced in thesolution by the discharge of chlorine ion.
When 50 ml. of a sample solution having a concentration as much as 0.002M bromide was used, it was possible to form bromate quantitatively by passing a quantity of electric current of 0.5 ampere hour through the solution at 10°C in the presence of sodium chloride and sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
In this method, the recovery rate of bromide to bromate was very high, and the repeatability and the reproducibility of bromate-formation were good. So, it is considered that this electrolytic method is applicable to determination of bromide in the presence of chloride.

抄録全体を表示

Despite the atmospheric air entertains a bast amount of the heat energy, supplied by the rora radiation, generally less remarked to utilize the heat. In the preliminary studies, it was ascer-tained that the utility value of the air heat is a high degree, when the suitable type of concentrator was adapted, then in this studies, it was undertaken to obtain the basic data necessary to design the film surface type concentrator, and consequently obtained the formulas for (1) the coefficient of heat transfer between air and evaporation surface, when used the cotton clothes,(2) the temperature of evaporation surface, under different atmospheric condition and density of the sea water and brine,(3) a neccessary evaporation area, suitable to the atmospheric condition and (4) the relation between the evoporation area and the utility rate of the air heat.

抄録全体を表示