M. Gaston Jondet edited “Atlas Historique de la Ville des ports d’ Alexandrie” in 1921 CE, including 55 cards mapping the topographic evolution of Alexandria from 1472 CE to 1920 CE.

Background of cartographer's control mapping Alexandria. Jondet’s Atlas reflects Alexandria's old maps for civil or military purposes. That derived from Alexandria’s strategic geopolitical location as a joint of world trade lines, whether as a terminal harbor for local trade with the Mediterranean basin or a transit station connects the Euro-Asian trading. Moreover, spying and military use during the premodern colonial conflict was the other perspective of mapping that strategic city.

Seen from returns of the trade of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, China’s food trade in the late 1930s was discussed.

Hikawa Shrines are widely distributed across the Kanto Plain. They contribute to agriculture and help control severe floods. This study aims to clarify the locational characteristics of Hikawa Shrines located in Tokyo metropolis. It analyzes the slopes and topographical classification of places around the shrines. The study clarifies that Hikawa Shrines are located on plateaus or natural levees in a lowland. It also investigates the land use around the Hikawa Shrines. Most shrines are located on plateaus/terraces, artificial topography, and micro-highlands in the lowland. The study concludes the Hikawa Shrines are located at places where they can evade flood damages.

Toushe Peatland is located at a mountain basin, north of Sun Moon Lake, central Taiwan. The thickness of the peat layer exceeded more than 40m, and the peat continuously deposited for 90000 years. In this paper, we analyzed diatom and Chrysophyceae assemblages at 133 samples of the top 5m sediment of the peat with 2-5 cm intervals, dated until ca 9,000 cal. years BP. We found four flooding layers, Flooding I - IV, dated ca.8200 cal yBP, ca. 5200-5600 cal. yBP, ca. 4200 cal. yBP and ca.2000 cal. yBP, respectively by diatom and Sleeping cists of Chrysophyceae assemblages.

"Geopolitics," born in the prewar times, stagnated as academic knowledge after the war. Its idea, however, was inherited by the statecraft of the great powers. In Europe and North America, geographers have critically re-examined classical geopolitics, making contemporary geopolitics include new forms of geopolitical knowledge. In recent years, many books bearing chiseigaku (geopolitics) have been published in Japan. Most of them re-reference classical geopolitics. In this boom, geopolitics as a form of applied geography needs to be carefully examined in terms of academic ethics. In this presentation, the author discusses how Japanese geography can deal with this boom.

As the number of elderly people who return their driver’s license, there is a growing need to develop cities where people can get around without relying on private cars.

In this study, both evaluations of the convenience of the transportation in Koriyama city and the analysis of the going-out activity of the Elderly clarify the relations between them.

The Public Transport Access Level (PTAL) method used by the Transport for London, was used to evaluate the convenience of transportation. The results show that the further away from the city center, the lower the convenience of transportation becomes.

Analysis of the PT survey shows that the outing rate decreases as people get older, and they become likely to walk and bicycle more than driving. At the same time, outings for business and recreational purposes decreased. Through interviews, we will explore the background of these trends.

If a natural disaster occurs, we assume that we will evacuate to a Public Schools, especially to a its gymnasium or schoolyard. The author thinks the refugees need to prevent severe coldness or warmness. This is because, we should know how many hours of comfort can be observed. In this research, AMeDAS observatories in 8 major cities of Japan were analyzed through January to December 2020. And the optimal temperature were set at 20.0 to 24.9C. The most comfortable point was Naha(2738hours:31.17%). Sapporo was the place where the number of hours was small(1277hours:14.54%). The optimal temperature range was 14 to 21%.

This study examines the process and significance of the construction of a place of memory by indigenous people in the external area of their homeland, focusing on the relationship between indigeneity and space, with special reference to the commemorations by the Ainu people at the Namboku-no-to monument in Okinawa and at Shiba Park in Tokyo. On the one hand, these commemorations outside of Hokkaido Island have had several problems, some of which have been caused by the view linking their indigeneity to the island, which was historically one of their homelands. On the other hand, solidarity with non-Ainu people has been crucial in the construction of places of memory emphasising their indigeneity in the areas that are not their home. Ainu people’s places of memory located in the non-homelands for them have the potential to liberate their historically constructed indigeneity from the local space of Hokkaido and to reposition it as related to space on the national scale.

The Tokoro River is located under the jurisdiction of the Ohotsuku General Promotion Bureau in Hokkaido, and originates from Mt. Mikuni in the Daisetsu Mountains (elevation 1,541 m). It is a first-class river with a channel length of 120km and a basin area of 1,930 km2. The population of the basin peaked at 144,828 in 1985 and is declining to 123,066 in the 2020 census. The industries in the basin are mainly the primary industries of agriculture, forestry and fisheries. On the other hand, according to the current water quality of first-class rivers in Hokkaido in 2020, the BOD value among the 20 rivers is the lowest. Therefore, we conducted monthly fixed-point observations at 22 points on the main and tributaries of the Tokoro River to consider the factors behind the deterioration of the water environment.

Feminist Political Ecology (FPE) is one of the most vibrant approaches to gender and environment studies. As a branch of political ecology, FPE emerged from critical studies of gender and development in the mid-1990s. This presentation will give a brief review of the transition and research patterns of FPE with a focus on gender theory, as well as the possibility for future development. In particular, this presentation will examine the theoretical and methodological efficacy of the FPE research framework in disaster and gender studies.

The Shingashi River basin used to be a region where water quality has deteriorated significantly, but in recent years the water quality has been improving due to basin sewerage and hydrophilic projects. However, there are still some areas where the water quality has not improved in the upper reaches of the tributaries located in the Sayama Hills. Based on the results of river surveys around the Sayama Hills for two years from November 2017, an additional survey will be conducted from December 2020 to identify pollution sources, and the characteristics of the water environment centered on water quality will be considered.

In the upper reaches of the Rokuya River, the water quality of the final disposal site for general waste affects EC, and in the Karabori River, the load of EC and pH increases due to the influence of dairy factory wastewater in the middle basin. Also, in the middle reaches of the Kurome River, EC and COD are high due to the influence of wastewater from soft drink factories. We would like to continue the survey and reflect the analysis results of the main dissolved components in the research.

The seasonal march of the warm season precipitation in Japan is characterized by rainy periods in Baiu and Shurin, with a relatively dry period in midsummer. In order to find detailed features of the seasonal march of precipitation, the timing of maximum and minimum precipitation was examined using daily precipitation on the kunai observation and AMeDAS, which provide data for nearly a hundred years. It was found that precipitation maxima in Baiu and Shurin are observed at many locations in Japan. There are regional differences in the timing of these maxima, with double peak patterns in some areas.

Agroecology, which can be defined as a farming that “centers on food production that makes the best use of nature’s goods and services while not damaging these resources.” It is also defined by FAO as science of applying ecological concepts and principles to manage interactions between plants, animals, humans and the environment for food security and nutrition. Agro ecology is one of the key important aspect in agricultural based economy. Hence, study on agro ecological diversity plays important role in development of a country that is having agriculture-based economy. Further, assessments on agro ecological diversity will assist in, improving soil and plant quality through available biomass and biodiversity, than battling nature with chemical inputs. In addition, it will improve crop production and helps to maintain ecological balance while resulting profitable farming.

Sri Lanka is a country having tropical climate and agricultural based economy. However, current farming practices facing challenges such as less crop production from farming lands, unexpected environmental conditions and posed to crop production by plant pests and diseases...etc. In this background, exploring the spatial distribution of agro ecological diversity, become a necessity, which will assist, to identify most preferable land use pattern for the area.

The study area of this research, the Pathadumbara Divisional Secretariat division (DSD), which is situated in the central highlands of Sri Lanka and it is the country's middle plateau. The altitude range from 300m - 1400m above sea level with subtropical highland climate. The region is considered as highly vulnerable for global climate change because of its uniqueness in global positioning and elevation. Furthermore, the region is considered as one of the most important water catchment areas in the country. In addition, the region is considered as a global super biodiversity hotspot and provides a habitat for an exceptional number of endemic species of flora and fauna. Historically, majority of central highland was covered by forest and was protected as a water catchment. Unfortunately, during British invasion of Sri Lanka, they started human settlements in the area and cleared the majority of natural vegetation for plantation and crops. With the expansion of agriculture and livestock industry, extensive tracts of natural forests were cleared, which resulted over 90% loss of original forest cover in the region. All these practices and changes in global climate resulted in loss of biodiversity and agricultural lands, changes in water quality and quantity, accelerate the risk of natural disasters and increased poverty in the region. No systematic data available on current changes and future recommendations for agro ecological diversity in the area. This study is carried out to fulfill these gaps using GIS and remote sensing techniques.

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The purpose of this presentation is to examine how geography has attempted to specify the places depicted in contents in the past studies, while applying it to the works treated in Seichi-Junrei or contents tourism, which are considered to represent the places in the works on the premise that the places are specified.

The purpose of this study is to clarify regional changes in agricultural production and wholesale market after deregulatory measures of seed and saplings imports, focusing on lily bulb and lily cut flower.