We investigated the landform changes of dikes and its near areas downstream of the Kinu River. In this presentation, we would show the case study areas with the unique elevation changes could be interpreted from the striped pattern in the surplus maps created from the value of elevation change.

It is effective to make a Nostalgic Scenery Diorama in order to consider the older days with geographic viewpoints. Particularly, it is important to search for documents about target regions and use various maps when we think about Nostalgic scenery. We may find unexpected and important information while we search for those past documents and maps. We couldn’t notice the local characteristics of the area in our childhood, but we can find and understand the regional characteristics of the nostalgic areas in making the Diorama. Making the Diorama is effective in understanding the regional characteristics of the nostalgic places.

Comparative geography, a method used in the study of world geography, involves selecting similar or contrasting regions for analysis. The approach aims to comprehensively examine the natural environment, historical culture, and social economy of each region to uncover both their similarities and differences. In Japan, many high school students opt to explore Oceania through comparative geography. They overlay landscapes to compare and contrast the region's natural features, socioeconomics, and historical cultures, transforming their findings into memorable narratives.

The Doho Park in Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture is a green park with a scale of several hundred meters on each side of north-south and east-west. In the re-development plan presented by the prefectural government, the baseball field in the park will be changed to a glamping facility, and several hectares of forest will be changed to a parking lot. In addition to the loss of rare flora and fauna in the park, residents in the neighborhood expressed concern about the increased heat risk. Therefore, numerical simulation of the outdoor thermal comfort was conducted to estimate the increase in heat risk during the daytime in summer, due to changes in building shapes and land cover. Depending on the season, time of day, and weather conditions, it is possible that a certain percentage of residents will notice changes in the thermal comfort between buildings in adjacent residential areas on the leeward side of the park, due to the effects on ground surface temperature, wind speed, air temperature, and humidity. However, this result was at odds with the perceptions of the residents, who were watching the plan from an anti-development standpoint.

The study on the description of geography and history cooperation in the Japanese course of studies.

I made three dioramas of 1:220 in scale from 2021 to 2023.

Themes of these dioramas are: 1) my hometown and Kobe City trams, 2) The Hyogo harbor and inland-sea transportation, 3) The Kobe harbor and the Seaside Road. I found that making dioramas contribute to geographical sutadies and education, notably to landscape geography.

The theme of the 46th Open Lecture in Geography Education of the Association of Japanese Geographers is 'New Directions for World Geography Learning - Southeast Asia and Oceania'. We would like to consider new directions for the study of world geography in the future, drawing on a diverse range of knowledge from geography, geography education and classroom practice.

Ecosystem services are the foundation of human security. Their maintenance needs to be strived for on a region-by-region basis, as evidenced in watershed management and conservation, and local autonomy is important for this purpose. However, in Japan, there is a contradiction whereby the pursuit of local autonomy as stipulated in the Constitution is restricted by the State, as seen in the concentration of US military bases, particularly in Okinawa Prefecture, and their environmental impact. This study examines the significance of maintaining the independence of local autonomy based on an awareness of these issues.

This study reports on the redevelopment of Industry City in western Brooklyn, the Gowanus Canal and Bushwick Terminal Park,the current status of green gentrification .

1.Introduction

The entire village of Irago, formerly located at the tip of the Atsumi Peninsula, was relocated in 1906 to make way for the expansion of the Army Testing Center. The Ministry of War prepared a "Chousho-Tsuzuri" in order to proceed with this work.

2.Method of consideration

This contained the purchase price of the land and the relocation fee for all "owners" of the land. This study examines the characteristics of the villages based on the ownership status of each property, using the properties that were the subject of transfer payments as indicators, and taking into account the location information of the owner's residence.

The actual number of owners subject to transfer payments was 109, and there were 316 buildings in total. In addition, there were many annexed properties.

In order to represent the location information of the mansions, their locations were estimated and a layout map was prepared. The base was an aerial photograph taken in 1944, and a layer traced from the 1884 cadastral map was placed on top of it.

3.Summary of Results

The settlement was divided into three districts to assess the situation. Regarding buildings, all had dwellings, but the toilets, latrines, storehouses, and net barns were characteristic of each district. Other attached properties were either jars or wells. The reasons for these were thought to be related to the distance from the coast, the elevation of each district, and the topography behind the houses in relation to the period and industry in which the houses were developed. These three districts could then be grouped together to provide a useful perspective on the characteristics of this settlement.

This study focuses on the development of trekking courses across prefectural borders in Inuyama City, Aichi Prefecture and Kani City, Gifu Prefecture. Specifically, it will summarize the current status and issues of local management organizations in Inuyama and Kani, which are responsible for the development of trekking environments in each city. The paper also discusses the possibility of inter-municipal cooperation to promote tourism in the cross-border areas of the middle reaches of the Kiso River, with the realization of alternative tourism in mind.

In the safety assessment of intermediate-level radioactive waste disposal (the safety assessment period of ~10⁵ years), numerical landscape evolution models (LEMs) are invaluable to assess the future considering future climate change. However, the applicability of LEMs to coastal areas over a span of 10⁵ years has not been verified. In this study, we introduced the marine deposition model to the LEMs (JAEAsmtp). Then, the applicability of JAEAsmtp was confirmed through the reconstruction of landscape evolution over the last glacial-interglacial cycle on the Kamikita coastal plain, where marine terraces (MIS5e, 7, 9) are widely distributed.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the impact of shifting from the production of staple crops to other crops in agriculture on remote islands, specifically focusing on its effects on socioeconomic and industrial structures, agricultural structure, and the characteristics of management.

Since the 1980s, wild boars have migrated from the mainland to the islands of the Seto Inland Sea, causing damage to agriculture and daily life. However, there are few local hunters capable of catching them on these islands. A group from Sakawa Town in Kochi Prefecture started hunting wild boars on the islands of Hiroshima Prefecture in the 2000s. This expeditionary hunting was established and is sustained by factors such as a network facilitated by hunting dogs, the abundance of game, absence of competing hunting groups, the skills of hunting dogs, and relationships with local farmers.

Air temperature observations by bicycle in the spring were conducted to ascertain whether areas that were not cultivated with mulberry fields or tea plantations during the Meiji period coincided with locations where cold air lakes developed. The results demonstrated a lot of overlap between areas where tree plantations were avoided and locations prone to cold air lake formation. The depression where cold air currents tend to accumulate are susceptible to frost damage. This suggests that ancestors likely utilized land in a way that reflected this knowledge. These findings indicate the potential for inferring microclimate characteristics from past land use patterns.

The Tone River is a first-class river originating in the Mikuni Mountains on the border between Niigata and Gunma prefectures and flowing into the Pacific Ocean and Tokyo Bay. With a basin area of 16,840 km², it is the largest river in Japan and plays a major role in flood control, the environment, and water utilization in the Tokyo metropolitan area. The Akaya River has its headwaters near Mt. Hirabesan (elevation 1984 m), one of the Mikuni Mountains, and joins the Tone River near Shimotsu, Minakami-cho, Tone-gun, Gunma Prefecture. The headwaters of the Akaya River are known to retain a rich natural environment and possess a valuable ecosystem, with national institutions and local communities working together to conserve and restore biodiversity1). In this study, a water quality survey was conducted in the upper reaches of the Akaya River, a tributary of the Tone River, where a valuable ecosystem remains in the headwaters, in an attempt to understand the basic water environment of the river water.

A low-level fault scarp trending northwest-southeast and southwest-oriented is observed around Bung Bat, southeast of the Ulaanbaatar Fault. This active fault displaces a block flow consisting of large breccias with diameters exceeding 1m toward the southeast. The characteristics of this topography and fault movement will be discussed.

The year-long meteorological data obtained from the weather forecast by the Met Office clearly show that Cold Blow in Temple Ewell Civil Parish, Kent is characterized by its cold and windy weather throughout the year, when compared with the town of Temple Ewell. Such climatic characteristics are especially enhanced in winter during which the southwesterly wind is prevailing. These findings, based on the analysis of temperature, feels like temperature, wind direction and speed, and wind gust, would strongly support that Cold Blow can be regarded as one of the place-names which represent local climate conditions.