Eutectic high chromium cast irons containing 17%Cr and 26%Cr were produced for this research by making each of them solidify unidirectionally. Abrasion test with abrasive papers of SiC and Al
2O
3 ceramics was carried out using test pieces cut from the castings at several distances from the chill face. The wear resistance was evaluated in connection with parameters such as eutectic colony size (E
W), fraction of boundary region of the colony where comparatively large massive chromium carbides are crystallized (S
B) and the average diameter of chromium carbides in the boundary area (D
C). Wear rate (R
W) was influenced by sort and particle size of caramic. The R
w against SiC was larger than that against Al
2O
3 under the similar size of ceramic. In case of SiC, the R
W increased with an increase in its particle size. The R
W reduced as the E
W increased, and the R
W of 26%Cr iron was smaller than that of the 17%Cr iron even at the same values of E
W. Both of the S
B and the D
C can be related to the R
W without consideration of chromium contents of the specimens, that is, the R
W decreased in proportion to the S
B and the D
C, respectively. The wear resistance of annealed specimens showed 1.3 to 1.6 times as small as that of the as-cast specimes. As for the relations between R
W and macro-hardness of the specimens, the hardness resulting in the minimium wear rate was found to be near Hv 550.
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