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Volume 19 (1993)
- Issue 2 Pages 79-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 19, Issue 2
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Yoshitaka KonnoArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 79-88
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2019
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study examined the effects of the awareness of chronic muscular tension on experiencing the mind-body using Self-image questionnair, Y-G Test, Rorschach Test, Twenty-two-Statements Test (TST), and muscular relaxation responses. Sixty-five undergraduate students participated in this study. Based on the evaluation of existing or not existing chronic muscular tension, and of being or not being aware of the tension, they were assigned to three groups : 'awareness group', 'no awareness group', and 'no tension group'. Results of Self-image questionnair, Y-G Test, and Rorschach Test revealed the 'no tension group' being superior to the other groups for self estimation, emotional control and stress management. The 'awareness group' showed more bodily complaints in TST and higher barrier scores in Rorschach Test than the other groups. Through muscular relaxation both the 'awareness group' and the 'no tension group' revealed positive changes in mind-body experiences, whereas the 'no awareness group' experienced negative changes in mind-body. These results were discussed in terms of the relation between bodily awareness and mind-body experiences.View full abstractDownload PDF (1028K) -
Shigeyo Okuno, Kotaro HaranoArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 89-97
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2019
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to evluate the effect of modeling in training to keep muscles tense and loose. Nine male and forty female subjects were trained with the technique of relaxation of slanting up one arm, while relaxing the elblow of JICO SHIKAN-HO by K. Harano (1977). The effect of modeling was found in the appearance behavior and EMG of physiological responses. The main results were as follows : Modeling was effective for learning the appearance behavior. However learning to keep muscles tense and loose could not found by EMG. Adding learning to keep muscles tense were more easier than keeping muscles loose. There existed significant defferent parts in learning to keep muscles tense and loose.View full abstractDownload PDF (882K) -
Shohji Sato, Yoko Sato, Atsushi Aikawa, Iwao TakayamaArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 98-109
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2019
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study conducted a social skills training to two kindergarten children (older class boys) exhibiting frequent aggressive and disruptive behavior in order to improve their social skills. The coaching method and the token economy method were combined. The rule following and the appropriate social interaction with peers were selected as the target skills. Nine training sessions were conducted. The training effect was assessed soon after traning and one month later. The results showed that both children rapidly decreased their negative social behavior when the social skills training was introduced and this training effect was stably maintained for one month. For one child, the rate of cooperative play during free play session, which was used as an indicator of the generalization effect of skills training, remarkably increased as the social skills training proceeded and this high rate of cooperative play was maintained at the follow-up assessment. The positive behavior modification observed in the behavioral assessmenc was confirmed by the social behavior ratings made by their teachers.View full abstractDownload PDF (1240K) -
Fujio Tagami, Kikuo UchiyamaArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 110-115
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2019
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSystematic desensitization take the procedure in that the fear stimuli are exposed when patients are relaxed. If the motor responses are used to inhibit fear ones, it is dificult to extinct them by the same procedure, because it is one of the regressive conditionings. We compared the effects of making extinction of emotional responses between the procedures to expose the subjects to fear stimuli in their doing motor responses (noncontingent motor response group) and to began to do motor responses at the moment of exposing the subjects to fear stimuli (contingent motor response group). The results of the experiment were that extinction of emotional responses were observed in the contingent motor response group and the other hand they were hardly occured in the noncontingent motor resonse group.View full abstractDownload PDF (535K) -
Akihiko Kizu, Tsutomu MiyagishiArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 116-123
Published: September 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2019
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPatient 1, a 38-year-old man, complained of an anal odor for about 20 years. Patient 2, 16-year-old man, complained of a loose anus and emission of a bad-smelling gas for 6 months. When they noticed the casual actions of those around them, such as smoking, opening a window, backing away from them, they were convinced that they had just emitted an offensive smell, and interpreted the movements of those around them as reactions to the odor. Because of this conviction, they avoided social situations. Such delusional behaviors can be conceptualized as "operants". Avoiding social situtions reduces the fear that people are averse to them, so it is reinforced. The casual actions of those around them are "discriminative stimuli" to the operants. Th,refore, they were instructed to confirm that they did not smell offensive by directly questioning those around them. However, neither was able to do this. in Patient 1, after receiving clomipramine(60-105 mg/day) for 2 weeks, the delusion of body odor was attenuated, and he was able to behave as instruction, As a result, he told us that he had not emitted the odor, and no longer avoided social situations. However, clomipramine was not effective for Patient 2. He rejected our instruction throughout, and the delusion persisted.View full abstractDownload PDF (882K)
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