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Volume 23 (1997)
- Issue 2 Pages 73-
- Issue 1 Pages 7-
Volume 23, Issue 2
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Tatsuya Hosoba, Hidetoshi Seiwa, Makoto IwanagaArticle type: Article
1997 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 73-82
Published: September 30, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2019
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was aimed to examine the effect of the evaluation for UCS aversiveness on CRs of the fear conditioning. Eighteen graduate and undergraduate volunteers served as subjects. They were assigned into three experimental groups; UCS Inflation, UCS Deflation and Control. Indices of CRs were SCR, subjective anxiety and affective evaluation. The experiment was consisted of five sessions; pre-test, conditioning, operations of UCS intensity, test and extinction. The main results were as follows; (1) In test session, CR strength such as SCR and subjective anxiety in Inflation group were greater than those of other groups. (2) There was no difference of CR strength between Deflation and Control group in test session. (3) After extinction session, affective evaluation, one of indices of CRs, did not extinct in all groups. These results suggested that increase of UCS aversive evaluation would effect on the strength of SCR and the degree of subjective anxiety.View full abstractDownload PDF (860K) -
ITARU FUKUIArticle type: Article
1997 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 83-93
Published: September 30, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2019
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire to measure a depressive mood and an anxious mood with high discriminant validity by using adjectives, adjectival verbs, and adjectival phrases which state depressive, anxious, and positive moods. After the selection of items which state these moods and factor analysis of these items, scale development resulted in a 9-item Depression and Anxiety Mood Scale (DAMS) . Psychometric evaluation by the parallel test method and the test-retest method suggested that the DAMS has high convergent and discriminant validity and reliability. The comparison of scores of scales at normal periods with those at a stressful period (before testing) revealed that the DAMS is highly sensitive to mood changes. These results indicate that the DAMS is very adequate for studying a cognitive-behavioral model which includes both depression and anxiety.View full abstractDownload PDF (1017K) -
Katsuhiko Matsuoka, Mami Sawamura, Sigeo KobayashiArticle type: Article
1997 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 95-105
Published: September 30, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2019
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe conducted an experiment to examine the effect of tact (including Japanese ending particles) training with conditional discrimination. The target behavior was to tact with the appropriate ending particles to the listeners according to two conditions. That is, when a subject shared past information with a listener, he should add "NE", and when he did not, he should add "YO" at the end of the tact. In the intensive training, the subject was trained with "a tact training board" that included pictures of the persons and the letter cards of ending particles. He used these two particles properly, and generalization of the target was evaluated with the different items, the different listeners, and his daily life. The results indicated that he had acquired tact with the ending particles through the intensive training. The target was generalized and another topography, "DESYO" , which has the similar funcion as "NE" was observed in his home. In his daily life, "NE" and "YO" occurred when refering to present and future information, although "NE" and "YO" were trained in the training session refering to past information. It is suggested that the ending particles were differentiated by the formation of the responses to visual stimuli , and the verbal responses according to the conditions were emitted.View full abstractDownload PDF (945K) -
Makoto IwanagaArticle type: Article
1997 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 107-116
Published: September 30, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: April 06, 2019
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOperations of decision latitude have been regarded as effective for the reduction of work stress. However, individuals who think that most situations are controlled by powerful others may rather feel stress in high latitude situations. The present study was designed to examine the effect of locus of control on the stress reduction effect of latitude. Latitude was operationalized as whether subjects could select three tasks out of five by themselves or not. For part of the subjective indices, Externals reported more stress than Internals. On the other hand, all indices of stress show no effect of latitude. This result suggests that the operation of decision latitude managed by the task selection might have no effect of stress reduction.View full abstractDownload PDF (867K)
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