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Volume 26 (1976)
- Issue 6 Pages 639-
- Issue 5 Pages 519-
- Issue 4 Pages 395-
- Issue 3 Pages 281-
- Issue 2 Pages 133-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 26, Issue 4
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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Tatsuo FURUKAWA, Masatake TOKUDA1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 395-402
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDifferent groups of mice were injected subcutaneously every other day with rubidium chloride at three doses (0.41(50), 1.23(150) and 3.69(450) meq/kg (mg/kg)) or with saline as a control for a period of 2-3 weeks. Rubidium administered acutely did not affect spontaneous locomotor activities, while it tended to increase the activities when administered repeatedly though the increase was not statistically significant. The methamphetamine-induced hyperlocomotor activities were potentiated in the rubidium groups as compared with those in the saline group, this effect of rubidium being increased with prolongation of repeated administrations. Monotonic decreases in ambulation after tetrabenazine were not significantly affected in the rubidium-treated animals though the decreases were sometimes preceded by slight increases and recovery from the decrement tended to be more rapid. After tetrabenazine in the rubidium-treated groups, incidences of catalepsy were increased and jumping behavior and Straub tail responses occurred in a few cases. The results suggest that rubidium potentiates the excitatory action of methamphetamine on spontaneous locomotor activities, as contrasted with inhibitory influence of lithium.View full abstractDownload PDF (337K) -
Hiroshi TANAKA, Yoshiro SUZUKI, Tetsuo KOJIMA, Hirofuto MARUMO1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 403-410
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntiulcer effects of KF-392 were studied in several experimental gastric ulcer models in rats. It was found that KF-392 given orally at 1.0 to 5.0 mg/kg had a marked suppression on the developments of Shay ulcer as well as the aspirin-, stress-, and reserpine-induced gastric lesions. The influence of KF-392 on gastric mucosal barrier was also studied. A back diffusion of H+ into the gastric mucosa and a fall of transmucosal potential difference were induced with KF-392 given orally at the above mentioned doses. KF-392 given s.c. at 5.0 mg/kg showed no inhibition on Shay ulcer and no induction of back diffusion of H+ into the gastric mucosa.View full abstractDownload PDF (330K) -
Toshiro TSUCHIYA, Sumio KITAGAWA1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 411-418
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe sites of action of benzodiazepines, diazepam and ID-540 [7-chloro-5-(o-Buorophenyl)-1-methyl-1, 3-dihydro-2H-1, 4-benzodiazepin-2-one) on the central nervous system were examined and compared with those of pentobarbital using evoked potentials recorded on the limbic system and hypothalamus in the cat brain. Benzodiazepines affected the various neuronal connections of the intra-limbic, linlbichypothalamic and midbrain-limbic systems: especially the amygdala (AMYG)-, ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)- and central gray matter (SGC)-hippocampal (HIPP) evoked potentials were attenuated, whereas the AMYG-VMH, VMH-AMYG and the septum (SP)-VMH evoked potentials were facilitated. Pentobarbital selectively attenuated the SGC-, VMH- and AMYG-HIPP evoked potentials, or facilitated the VMH-AMYG and the SP-HIPP evoked potentials. Both benzodiazepines and pentobarbital affected three afferent hippocarnpal neuronal conncections, areas of the reticulo-hypothalamic systems regulating hippocampal activity, while only benzodiazepines affected the neuronal influence of the amygdaloid and septal areas on the hypothalamus.View full abstractDownload PDF (333K) -
Sukehiro CHIBA, Kiyoshi ANDO1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 419-426
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe conditioned suppression technique was employed to study the ototoxic effects of chronic administration of the antibiotic, kanamycin. Lever pressing behavior for food reinforcement of rats was suppressed in the presence of an auditory stimulus (sound) or visual stimulus (light) that had been previously paired with electric shocks. Repeated administration of kanamycin at the dose of 400 mg/kg/day for more than 50 days significantly attenuated the conditioned suppression to auditory stimulus but did not attenuate the conditioned suppression to visual stimulus. This finding suggests that the attenuating effect of chronic administration of kanamycin on conditioned suppression to auditory stimulus can be interpreted in terms of the selective action of the drug on the auditory system.View full abstractDownload PDF (321K) -
Norio HIMORI, Hiroshi ONO, Norio TAIRA1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 427-435
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of 6 coronary vasodilators on the coronary blood flow and the contractile force of the ventricular muscle were examined simultaneously by injecting these drugs to the arterially blood-perfused canine papillary muscle preparation. All compounds produced a dose-dependent increase in blood flow rate, and relative potencies determined on the basis of doses producing a 100% increase in blood flow rate, ED100, were in the descending order : nifedipine<verapamil<diltiazem<dilazep<dipyridamole<carbochromen, and approximately I : 1/12 : 1/26 : 1:100: 1/300 : 1/500. All drugs except for dipyridamole caused a dose-dependent decrease in the developed tension of the papillary muscle, although nifedipine and diltiazem in low doses produced a slight increase. Relative potencies determined on the basis of doses producing a 50% decrease in developed tension, ID50, were as follows : nifedinine (1), verapamil (1/13), diltiazem (1/40), dilazep (1/100), and carbochromen (1/270). Ratios of the ID50 to ED100 were as follows : diltiazem (5.2), nifedipine (3.5), verapamil (3.5), dilazep (2.5), and carbochromen (1.8). The higher the value the more predominant on the coronary vascular bed or the less depressant on the myocardial contractility were their actions.View full abstractDownload PDF (391K) -
Masaaki TAKEDA1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 437-444
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe optical isomers of cis-1-benzoyloxy-2-dimethylamino-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalene (YAU-17) were compared for their local anesthetic activity, acute toxicity, spasmolytic activity, and partition coefficient between chloroform and phosphate buffer. 1-YAU-17 was more active than d-YAU-17 in blocking the conduction of action potentials in isolated frog sciatic nerves. The difference in local anesthetic activities between the optical isomers was further substantiated by in vivo tests for corneal anesthesia, intracutaneous anesthesia and sciatic nerve block in guinea-pigs. Similarly, the i.v. injection to mice revealed a higher toxicity for 1-YAU-17 as compared to its d-isomer. In these tests, the potency ratios of the enantiomers ranged from 2 to 4, and the racemate had an intermediate potency. On the contrary, no difference among the compounds was found in their liposolubility, partition coefficient, and spasmolytic activity examined with isolated guinea-pig ileum. These results indicate that the steric factors play an important role in the production of different local anesthetic activities between the optical isomers of YAU-17, and their local anesthetic potency tends to be correlated to their intravenous acute toxicity but not to their spasmolytic activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (342K) -
Taro OGISO, Nobutaka NODA, Nobuyoshi ASAI, Yoshio KATO1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 445-453
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of antitumor agents on rat liver microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme activities and thymus lymphocytes were studied in male Wistar rats. High doses of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cyclophosphamide (CP) given parenterally for 6 days caused a partial decrease in whole body weight and the microsomal enzyme content such as cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b5. Aniline p-hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase activities also decreased in rats given CP for 6 days. The Michaelis constant for aniline p-hydroxylase of rats dosed for 5 days decreased compared with the control. Both compounds in the high concentrations produced spectral change of “modified type II”. However, the magnitude of the spectral changes observed was independent of the concentration of substrate added. The addition of NADPH to the microsomes-substrate mixture modified the spectral change. Both drugs caused a considerable decrease in thymus weight and the number of thymus lymphocytes, while the alkaline phosphatase activity was enhanced in 5-FU group, indicating that the agents cause a significant involution of the thymus. Decrease in the total number of the lymphocytes was greater than that in the blood leucocytes.View full abstractDownload PDF (418K) -
Susumu OKABE, Chen-Road HUNG, Koji TAKEUCHI, Keijiro TAKAGI1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 455-460
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn oral dosing of either acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or taurocholic acid (TCA) to pylorus-ligated rats subjected to water-immersion stress produced severe damage to the gastric mucosa in contrast to the irritation observed in non-stressed ones. The irritative activity of ASA or TCA on gastric mucosa under stress was dosedependent. Stress itself (23°C, 7 hr) did not induce any appreciable changes in gastric mucosa of rats. L-glutamine, given together with ASA or TCA, significantly prevented the potentiated development of ASA- or TCA-induced gastric lesions in stressed rats. L-glutamine also prevented in varying degrees the reduction of acid and increment of Na+ ion in gastric juice accumulated in stressed rats in response to ASA or TCA.View full abstractDownload PDF (252K) -
Yoshikazu YAMATAKE, Madoka SHIBATA, Masahiro NAGAI1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 461-469
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPharmacological studies were done on the root bark of mulberry tree and pharmacological effects were compared with the clinical effects of “Sohakuhi” in Chinese medicine. n-Butanol- and water-soluble fractions of mulberry root had similar effects except for those on the cadiovascular system. Both fractions showed cathartic, analgesic, diuretic, antitussive, antiedema, sedative, anticonv ulsant, and hypotensive actions in mice, rats, guinea pigs and dogs. There appears to be a correlation between the experimental pharmacological results and the clinical applications of mulberry root found in the literature on Chinese medicine.View full abstractDownload PDF (358K) -
Yoshio SUZUKI, Mihoko HAYASHI, Mikio ITO, Ichika YAMAGAMI1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 471-480
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnti-ulcer effects of cetraxate, a new compound possessing anti-plasmin, anti-casein and anti-trypsin actions were investigated by using experimental gastric ulcer models in rats. Cetraxate, 300 mg/kg p.o. showed significant inhibitory effects of 65.3 %, 70.0 %, 30.2 % and 67.1% against acute types of ulcers producing by aspirin, phenylbutazone, indomethacin, and pyloric ligature (Shay's ulcer), respectively. These effects were greater than those obtained by gefarnate and aluminum sucrose sulfate and may be mainly attributed to the protecting action of this drug on gastric mucosa. Cetraxate further revealed remarkable inhibitory effects on chronic types of ulcers produced by acetic acid, clamping, and clamping-cortisone. In acetic acid ulcer in particular, cetraxate was found to have a dose-dependent inhibitory effect at doses over 50 mg/kg. Of test drugs including L-glutamine and methylmethionine sulfonium chloride, cetraxate showed the most remarkable inhibitory effect on β-glucuronidase activity in ulcer tissue of these three types of ulcers. These findings suggest that cetraxate may prevent the connective tissue in the ulcer location from decomposition due to lysosomal enzymes such as β-glucuronidase, thereby accelerating the recovery from ulcer.View full abstractDownload PDF (414K) -
Tatsuo FURUKAWA, Nobufumi ONO, Yukihide MAEDA, Tamio NAKAHARA, Kanji Y ...1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 481-492
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA possible mode of cardiovascular actions of dopamine was studied using ephedrine. In the dog pretreated with repeated administrations of ephedrine (total dose, 40 or 80 mg/kg, i.v.) or with combined administrations of ephedrine (total dose, 90 mg/ kg, s.c. and i.v.) and reserpine (2 mg/kg, s.c., 24 hr previously), pressor responses to dopamine were eliminated and reversed to depressor responses whereas depressor responses to dopamine were potentiated. Positive chronotropic effects of dopamine were almost eliminated. Pressor and positive chronotropic effects of tyramine were almost abolished. Sympathomimetic effect of noradrenaline and adrenaline were potentiated while those of isoprenaline were inhibited. In the heart-lung preparation of ephedrine-treated dogs (total dose, 40 mg/kg, i.v.), cardiac stimulating effects of dopamine and tyrarnine were strongly depressed, and those of noradrenaline, adrenaline and isoprenaline were reduced to some extent. In the open-chest dogs, after pretreatment with cocaine (4 mg/kg, i.v.), pressor, positive inotropic and chronotropic effects of noradrenaline were potentiated whilst those of tyramine were inhibited. Those of dopamine were not visibly altered, but depressor, negative chronotropic and inotropic effects of dopamine appeared at small doses. In the ephedrine-pretreated dogs, these sympathomimetic effects of dopamine and tyramine after cocaine were strongly depressed and those of noradrenaline were inhibited to a certain degree. The results obtained with ephedrine suggest that dopamine differs from other catecholamines and tyramine in the mode of cardiovascular actions.View full abstractDownload PDF (576K) -
Toru EGASHIRA1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 493-500
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEnzymic properties of partially purified monoamine oxidase (MAO) from human placenta were studied with tyramine, serotonin and benzylamine as substrates. The highest activity was obtained with serotonin and almost no activity was observed with benzylamine. These results are similar to those obtained with rat placental MAO, but different from those with rabbit placental MAO. The Km values for serotonin and tyramine were found to be 0.21 mM and 0.23 mM, respectively and the pH optimum was 8.1 with either substrate. The thermal inactivation curves of this enzyme with the two substrates were identical. The pt curves for inhibition of MAO activity by harmine, pargyline and iproniazid were similar and almost the same pI 50 values for the respective inhibitors were obtained with the two substrates. MAO in human placenta differs from that in other organs, such as liver, brain and plasma from the standpoint of the substrate specificity and the inhibitor sensitivity. The possibility that human placenta contains a single form of MAO is discussed on the basis of the present results.View full abstractDownload PDF (333K) -
Issei TAKAYANAGI, Hideo OHKUBO, Keijiro TAKAGI1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 501-504
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (198K) -
Koroku HASHIMOTO, Tomohiko KIMURA, Yoichi YABUUCHI1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 504-506
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (136K) -
Koji TAKEUCHI, Susumu OKABE, Keijiro TAKAGI1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 506-509
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (191K) -
Tsukasa SAKURADA, Masayuki IMAI, Takeshi TADANO, Kensuke KISARA1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 509-511
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (119K) -
Shoichi IMAI, Takeshi OTORII, Keisuke TAKEDA, Yumi KATANO, Tokumasa TS ...1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 512-515
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (183K) -
Issei TAKAYANAGI, Kazuichi HAYAKAWA, Yasufumi TERAWAKI, Zenzo TAMURA, ...1976 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 515-518
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (159K)
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