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Volume 24 (1974)
- Issue 6 Pages 817-
- Issue 5 Pages 659-
- Issue 4 Pages 493-
- Issue 3 Pages 335-
- Issue 2 Pages 175-
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Volume 24, Issue 3
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
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Takashi OCHIAI1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 335-343
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPharmacological properties of 1-morpholinoacetyl-2-methyl-3-phenyl-4oxo-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro quinazoline hydrochloride (HQ-275), which has a potent choleretic activity, on ANIT and TAA-hepatic injury have been investigated in rats for biochemical, histochemical levels and the functions in the liver. Regarding the actions of biliary and solid content excretion, HQ-275 demonstrates differences between normal rats and the groups administered ANIT and/or TAA, and also the lowered values of Al-P, transaminases and bilirubin in plasma, elevated by the ANITpoisoning. Thus a comparable effect of HQ-275 against TAA-poisoning was not observed. TAA-induced elevation of the plasma-lipid level was significantly prevented by the administration of HQ-275. Moreover, under light microscopical examination, the decrease of 5'-N by the ANIT-poisoning was prevented even with small doses of HQ-275 3-6 mg/kg, p.o. Elevation of the cholesterol level in plasma and decrease of ATP-ase in histochemical findings by ANIT-intoxication were not in themselves recognizable. Changes of Na+ and K+ in bile and water content of liver by poisoning of ANIT were clearly prevented with HQ-275. On the other hand, HQ-275 revealed no effects on the actions produced by TAA-intoxication except for those mentioned. Such being the case it can be concluded that HQ-275 inhibits the ANIT-induced hepatic injury to a greater extent than the TAA-induced hepatic damage for biochemical and histochemical levels.View full abstractDownload PDF (450K) -
Keijiro TAKAGI, Yasuo ABE1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 345-356
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationship between chemical components of the injured portion in acetic acid ulcer and ulcer healing, and the influence of anti-inflammatory drugs on the ulcer were investigated herein. The hexosamine content in the corpus of normal rat stomach was decreased by a 20 day administration of Na salicylate or phenylbutazone. Healing of 10% acetic acid ulcer was delayed remarkably by Na salicylate or phenylbutazone, and hexosamine in the injured portion of the ulcer was decreased simultaneously. Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs delayed healing of the ulcer, especially in the early stage administration, where hexosamine and hydroxyproline decreased significantly. Sodium salicylate, on the contrary, delayed the ulcer healing in the early and also later stage administration. Lowered hexosamine content in the mucosa and fall of hydroxyproline content in the stroma of the injured portion paralleled the increase of area index and grade index, respectively. In the delayed healing of the ulcer with anti-inflammatory drugs, it was clarified that changes of tissue components of the injured portion immediately after the ulcer formation play an important role in ulcer healing.View full abstractDownload PDF (582K) -
Keijiro TAKAGI, Koji TAKEUCHI, Keita NAKAMURA, Akira MORITA, Susumu OK ...1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 357-361
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntiulcer effects of N-acetyl-L-glutamine aluminum complex (KW-110) were studied in experimental gastric and duodenal ulcer models in the rat, comparing its effect to that of atropine sulfate. It was found that KW-110, given orally 3 times daily for 8 days, had an accelerating activity on the healing process of duodenal ulcer whereas atropine sulfate, given s.c. twice daily for 8 days at a glutamine dose to Sufficiently suppress gastric secretion, had a significant effect. In addition, KW-110 showed remarkable effects on prevention of acutely induced experimental gastric ulcers. In regard to the Shay ulcer or aspirin-induced gastric lesions, KW-110 showed enhanced effects which exceeded the apparently maximum effects of atropine sulfate, even though the dosage of the former was much higher than that of the latter. While atropine sulfate completely inhibited the stress-induced gastric lesions, KW-110 also revealed a strong inhibition on the lesions.View full abstractDownload PDF (219K) -
Susumu OKABE, Koji TAKEUCHI, Keita NAKAMURA, Keijiro TAKAGI1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 363-371
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA standard method for the production of gastric lesions by aspirin in rats was elaborated, and the mechanisms of the deleterious effects of aspirin were interpreted. The method consisted of pylorus ligation of the rat immediately before aspirin dosing, resulting in severe and consistent gastric lesions in the glandular portion of the rat stomach 7 hr later. Sodium bicarbonate and L-glutamine showed a strong inhibitory effect on the development of aspirin-induced lesions, at almost the same dose level. Aspirin itself reduced the gastric acidity in pylorus-ligated rats. Sodium bicarbonate with or without aspirin markedly lowered the gastric acidity, whereas L-glutamine with or without aspirin restored the reduced acidity by aspirin or increased the acidity more than the normal level. These findings suggest that Lglutamine may inhibit the back diffusion of HCl into the gastric mucosa caused by aspirin. Amylopectine sulfate and sulfated glyptide, in a dose sufficient to suppress the peptic activity of gastric contents, slightly inhibited the aspirin-induced lesions. Atropine sulfate, which strongly reduced gastric juice volume but not acidity, did not exert a marked influence on aspirin-induced lesions.View full abstractDownload PDF (441K) -
II. EFFECTS OF PHENYLEPHRINE, ISOPROTERENOL AND ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENTS ON GLUCONEOGENESIS IN PERFUSED LIVERYasumichi HAGINO, Mitsuyoshi NAKASHIMA1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 373-381
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSpecific alpha and beta adrenergic agonists, phenylephrine and isoproterenol, were applied to liver perfusion system. Both agonists stimulated the rate of gluconeogenesis from lactate in normal liver; however, only phenylephrine was effective in hypothyroid liver. The crossover point in the metabolite profile was between pyruvate and phosphoenolpyruvate. Pyruvate carboxylase activity was activated by both agonists in the normal liver, while phenylephrine only activated pyruvate carboxylase in hypothyroidism. In contrast to pyruvate carboxylase, the activity of PEP carboxykinase did not change even in the presence of adrenergic agonists. It is therefore considered that thyroid hormone may be required for the stimulation by isoproterenol, whereas the function stimulated by phenylephrine is independent of thyroid hormone. Gluconeogenesis from lactate is thus activated with addition of phenylephrine even in a hypothyroid condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (324K) -
Yoshihide YAMASAKI, Motohatsu FUJIWARA, Noboru TODA1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 383-391
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTransmembrane potentials were recorded from single cells of the isolated rabbit sinoatrial node by microelcctrodes filled with a mixture of isoproterenol or noradrenaline and KCl. The electrode was used for recording the membrane potential and also for the iontophoretic application of the amines. Intracellularly applied isoproterenol caused a significant increase in the slope of diastolic depolarization, resulting in tachycardia. However, the extent of these changes was markedly less than that obtained when the amine was extracellularly applied by the iontophoretic technique, and the latency for inducing the changes was longer. These effects were abolished by 10-6 M propranolol applied to the bathing media. There were regional differences in the responsiveness of S-A nodal cells to intracellularly applied isoproterenol. An area from which true pacemaker action potentials were most often recorded, tended to be most sensitive to the amine. Noradrenaline applied intracellularly caused an increase in the slope of diastolic depolarization and a tachycardia only when the preparations were treated with 10-6 M cocaine. These results suggest that adrenergic beta receptors are on the outside of the membrane of S-A nodal cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (347K) -
Hideo NAKAMURA, Masanao SHIMIZU1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 393-405
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInteraction between early and delayed phases in developmental process of hind paw swelling was investigated in rats using the mixed phlogistics-induced paw edema technique. Swelling induced by a mixture of carrageenin and Kaolin was observed in both the early and delayed phases. Despite of the augmentation of the early phase induced by the mixture, the delayed phase was not altered. The delayed phase was not reduced by treatment with antihistaminics and/or anti-serotonin agents, whereas the early phase was inhibited with those agents. The delayed phase was inhibited with anti-inflammatory agents without alterating the early phase. The potentiating effect on the delayed phase was observed in the combined use of flufenamic acid and diphenhydramine. From these results, it is concluded that the delayed phase is independent from the early phase in the developmental process of hind paw edema, but it is related to the early phase in chemotherapy. Furthermore, effects of various agents on the mixed phlogistics-induced hind paw edema, the some of which included 0.1 % histamine, 0.01 % serotonin, 0.5 % carrageenin and 5 % Kaolin were investigated by localized and oral application and are discussed herein.View full abstractDownload PDF (471K) -
Kotaro SUZUKI, Shunji AONO, Hiroshi NAKATANI1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 407-414
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hypolipidemic action of 1, 1-bis [4'-(1"-carboxy-1"-methylpropoxy)phenyl] cyclohexane (S-8527) was studied in rats, mice and rabbits under various experimental conditions to compare the effects with those of clofibrate. Oral ingestion of S-8527 to normal rats for 7 days lowered serum triglycerides and cholesterol by about 27% at 1 mg/kg and 20% at 3 mg/kg, respectively. The hypolipidemic effect of S-8527 was considered to be twenty to thirty times more potent than that of clofibrate but a hepatomegalic effect of S-8527 was not observed at its effective dose ranging from 1 to 30 mg/kg. S-8527 at 3 mg/kg decreased liver triglyceride concentration by about 20% but the decrease of triglyceride concentration was not observed in clofibrate treated groups. Liver cholesterol concentration was not decreased with any of the doses of S-8527 while clofibrate decreased liver cholesterol concentration by about 20% at 300 mg/kg. However, there were no differences in total content of cholesterol in liver between S-8527 and clofibrate treated groups. With Triton injected rats, a single oral dose of 100 mg/kg of S-8527 depressed the increase of serum triglycerides by about 50% while clofibrate did not. In glycerol-fed rats, S-8527 decreased serum and liver triglycerides more effectively than clofibrate, and in normal mice and cholesterol-fed mice, S-8527 was found to be more active than clofibrate, however the hepatornegalic effect of S-8527 was less than that of clofibrate. Hypolipidemic effects in rabbits were not observed with either S-8527 or clofibrate.View full abstractDownload PDF (337K) -
Haruo OHNISHI, Shigeru TSUKUDA, Nobuhisa OGAWA1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 415-423
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn increase in the level of lipids in the liver and serum, a drop in hepatic ATP, blood sugar and hepatic glycogen and also a decline in various enzymatic activities related to lipid metabolism were observed with aging. The metabolism of lipids and sugar was improved by the administration of cytochrome c. This is due to its synthetic effects, including an acceleration of lipid catabolism, as well as the increase in ATP brought about by the improvement of the function of the mitochondria.View full abstractDownload PDF (343K) -
Haruo OHNISHI, Yutaka HAYASHI, Nobuhisa OGAWA, Gompachi YAJIMA, Kaoru ...1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 425-432
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHistopathological changes of the liver by carbon tetrachloride included vacuolar necrosis of hepatic cells, cellular infiltration, an increase in fat droplets, a decrease in glycogen particles and a degenetation and a decrease in the number of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticula. These changes were prevented by the administration of cytochrome c. These findings were consistent with the results of previous biochemical studies that cytochrome c prevents an increase in transaminase activity, an enhancement of BSP retention, an increase in hepatic neutral fat and a decrease in hepatic glycogen induced by carbon tetrachloride. Meanwhile, histopathological characteristics of the liver of aged rats included an increase in number of vacuoles in the cells, disintegration of and decrease in hepatocyte component, a decrease in the number of glycogen particles and an increase in fat droplets and consumptive substance. The histopathological changes of aging were either alleviated or inhibited completely with cytochrome c. The conclusion is in conformity with previous reports indicating that cytochrome c improved the liver functions of aged rats and decreased lipids of the liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (1007K) -
Kohtaro TANIYAMA1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 433-438
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of removal of Na from bathing media on the tonus and contractile response to drugs of strips of the rat ileum was investigated. Removal of Na from the bathing media by replacing NaCl with sucrose or choline Cl produced a transient contraction, which was not altered by treatment with atropine. This contraction was attenuated when preparations were exposed to Ca-free media. After a 30 min exposure to Na+-free media, contractions caused by ACh and Ba and the phasic contraction by K were decreased, whereas the tonic contraction by K was increased. In preparations in which contractions by removal of Na+ were abolished by repeated treatments with Na+-removal in Ca-free media, the contractions were restored when the preparations were incubated with Call and then with Na+-containing Solutions. This restoration was not obtained when preparations were soaked in Na-free media after incubation with Ca++. It appears that removal of Na from bathing media inhibits uptake of Ca by intracellular storage sites and increases the influx of Ca++, resulting in an increase in the amount of cellular active Ca++, and that Na+ plays an important role in binding Call in intracellular storage sites.View full abstractDownload PDF (222K) -
Chiyoko INAGAKI, Chikako TANAKA1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 439-446
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe activities of AADC and MAO were measured in kidney, liver, brain and heart of the rat at neonatal to senescent stages. Rapid neonatal increase to adult level in the specific activity of AADC was observed in the kidney, liver and brain. The total activity of AADC per organ continued to increase in the brain for 3 weeks after birth and for 20 weeks in the kidney and liver. In the heart, the specific activity of AADC increased up to the 10th day after birth and decreased to the mature level during the next 10 days. Senescent decreases both in specific and total activities of AADC were observed in all organs examined. Neonatal increment to adult level in the specific or total activities of MAO in kidney, liver and brain was observed. Senescent decrement in specific and total MAO activities was demonstrated in the kidney, while significant changes in liver and brain were not observed. The MAO activity in heart continued to increase in linear fashion for 70 weeks after birth. The concentration of 5HT in kidney, liver and brain of the 10 day-old rats was much less than that in the adult. Senescent decrease of 5HT contents was not evident in any organ examined. These findings suggest the age-related change of physiological condition of amine metabolism.View full abstractDownload PDF (328K) -
Takao SATO, Issei TAKAYANAGI, Keijiro TAKAGI1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 447-451
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of 5-hydroxytryptamine, sodium picrate, caerulein and pentagastrin on the electrical activities obtained from Auerbach's plexus in the guinea pig ileum were investigated. The drugs used increased the spike frequency and increase of the spike frequency induced was inhibited by morphine but not by atropine and hexamethonium. The muscle spikes obtained simultaneously were inhibited by atropine. These facts indicate that the drugs used stimulate Auerbach's plexus and accelerate the acetylcholine release from the cholinergic post-ganglinoic nerve endings. The sites of action of morphine are also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (216K) -
Saizo YANAURA, Hiroaki IWASE, Shoichiro SATO, Tomoo NISHIMURA1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 453-460
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new method for artificially inducing the cough reflex in the unrestrained and unanesthetized dog has been devised. The present method can be utilized for testing the relative effectiveness of antitussive drugs. A monopolar electrode is inserted into the dog tracheal mucosa in such a way as to minimize surgical stress. The most successful electrical stimulation has been obtained from square-wave pulses which were produced by a 1-3 volt, 20 Hz. The duration of the square-wave pulse was 1.0 msec and the stimulation was applied for 5 sec. This stimulation usually produced 3-5 cough reflex. It has been found that electrical stimulation of the tracheal mucosa induces the cough reflex and this phenomenon can be successfully reproduced at intervals of at least 5 minutes duration. Our method allows for a lower threshold voltage for cough induction than those previously published, a greater utilization of each dog and a reduction of time required to standardize the cough reflex and the drug dosage for each animal. As the dogs are caged, there is more freedom of movement, thus the drug effect on posture and general behaviour can be better observed. The method described may be applicable to induction of the cough reflex in a variety of experimental animals.View full abstractDownload PDF (344K) -
Seiichi NURIMOTO, Shogo SUZUKI, Goro HAYASHI, Mikio TAKEDA1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 461-469
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn consequence of testing antagonistic activity on morphine-induced analgesia and respiratory depression of the, 2'-hydroxy-6, 10-dimethy-7, 8-homobenzomorphans, it was found that the order of antagonistic activity is N-cyclopropylmethyl (trans isomer TA-414 and cis isomer TA-576)>N-allyl (trans isomer TA-412)>N-dimethylallyl (trans isomer TA-413 and cis isomer TA-415) with respect to the influence of replacing antagonistic substitution on the tertiary nitrogen. The properties of TA-414 and TA-576 in this regard were higher than those of nalorphine but slightly less than levallorphan. Moreover, the narcotic antagonist action of TA-414 was of long duration, comparable to that of nalorphine. On the other hand, TA-414 was entirely lacking an agonistic (analgesic) activity even at large doses, while TA-576 equalled nalorphine and pentazocine in the potency of agonistic activity in mice. Conclusively, TA-414 appears to fall under the category of a pure antagonist such as naloxone.View full abstractDownload PDF (400K) -
Nobuyuki SANO1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 471-478
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mechanism of the augmentation of adenosine action by 1, 4-bis-[3(3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzoyl-oxy)-propyl] perhydro-1, 4-diazepine (dilazep I, N, N, ) and dipyridamole on the coronary vessel was examined in the dog. Cororary blood flow was measured by applying a Morawitz cannula to the in vivo heart. It was found that the ratio of coronary vasodilating activity of adenosine administered into saphenous vein, right atrium, and left atrium was 1: 1.5: 30, and that coronary vasodilating actions of adenosine administered into saphenous vein, right atrium, and left atrium after dilazep (10 μg/kg, i.v.) were 15.6, 10.8, and 3.3 times greater than those without dilazep, respectively. After dipyridamole coronary vasodilating actions of adenosine administered into saphenous vein, right atrium, and left atrium were 17.5, 14.3, and 5.4 times greater. These results indicate that augmentation of coronary vasodilating action of intravenously administered adenosine by dilazep or dipyridamole was mainly exerted at the lung and myocardium, and slightly in the blood, and was due to inhibition of the disappearance of adenosine.View full abstractDownload PDF (286K) -
G. JAGADEESH, S.D.S. SETH1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 479-482
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
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Hiroshi IWAO, Youichi ABE, Kenjiro YAMAMOTO1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 482-484
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (133K) -
Shigetoshi CHIBA, Kazuhiko IWATSUKI, Hiroshi ONO1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 485-486
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
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Kenji YAMADA, Shoichi HARIGAYA1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 487-490
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
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Susumu OKABE, Koji TAKEUCHI, Kazuo HONDA, Keijiro TAKAGI1974 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 490-492
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (141K)
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