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Volume 24 (1974)
- Issue 6 Pages 817-
- Issue 5 Pages 659-
- Issue 4 Pages 493-
- Issue 3 Pages 335-
- Issue 2 Pages 175-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 24, Issue 4
Displaying 1-24 of 24 articles from this issue
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Prabha KHOSLA, K.N. GARG1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 493-498
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSympathomimetic amines epinephrine and isoproterenot were administered to dogs, rabbits and pigeons, and effects on blood glucose and blood lactic acid levels were studied. Alpha and beta adrenergic receptor blocking drugs were employed to block the metabolic effects of the amines to elucidate the exact receptor status regarding the metabolic actions of sympathomimetic amines on carbohydrate metabolism. The results suggest that the receptors associated with hyperglycemic response vary depending on the species. In dogs, receptors are of beta type while in rabbits and pigeons both alpha and beta type of receptors appear to play a role. The hyperlactacidemic response, however, is associated with beta receptors in all animals studied herein.View full abstractDownload PDF (253K) -
Shoichi IMAI, Takeshi OTORII, Keisuke TAKEDA, Yumi KATANO, Daijiro HOR ...1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 499-510
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing the canine heart-lung preparation supported by a donor dog and the isolated right and left atrial preparations of the guinea-pig and the rat, the cardiac actions of dibutyryl cyclic AMP were studied and compared with those of cyclic. AMP. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP produced positive isotropic and chronotropic effects associated with an increase in the coronary flow, while cyclic AMP produced negative isotropic and chronotropic effects, together with an increase in the coronary flow. Propranolol did not alter the effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP. The negative isotropic and chronotropic effect of cyclic AMP was antagonized by aminophylline, while the positive isotropic and chronotropic effect of dibutyryl cyclic AMP vvas potentiated by this compound. Whereas the coronary flow increase by dibutyryl cyclic AMP seas associated with an increase in the myocardial oxygen consumption, there was no increase in the myocardial oxygen consumption after cyclic AMP. It is concluded that dibutyryl cyclic AMP passed the surface membrane and exerted its effect after having been converted to cyclic AMP within the cell. Cyclic AMP was presumed to remain outside the cell and produce its effect in the same way as adenine nucleotides and adenosine produce their effect.View full abstractDownload PDF (398K) -
VI. EFFECTS ON RENAL BLOOD FLOW AND RENAL FUNCTIONIsao YAMAGUCHI, Katsuo IKEZAWA, Toshikazu TAKADA, Akio KIYOMOTO1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 511-522
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of a new coronary vasodilator, CRD-401, on renal blood flow and renal function were investigated in anesthetized dogs. Renal arterial or systemic administration of the compound produced an increase in renal blood flow. The increase in renal blood flow induced by CRD-401 was not affected by pre-treatment with propranolol, atropine or dephenhydramine. Renal arterial administration of CRD-401 exhibited an antagonistic effect on the vasoconstricting action of angiotensin-II, whereas it had no effect on that of epinephrine. When infused continuously into the renal artery, CRD-40l increased the urine flow and sodium excretion as well as renal blood flow in all the conditions of fluid loading tested. The glomerular filtration rate was enhanced under saline loading but not under water diuresis. CRD-401 caused an increase in free water clearance. When the renal blood flow was kept constant with an aortic clamp during CRD-401 infusion, sodium excretion was significantly increased but no change was observed in glomerular filtration rate and PAH clearance. The results show that CRD-401 induced natriuresis was not entirely dependent upon the renal hemodynamic changes caused by the compound. By the stop-flow method, it was shown that the ratio of [urine sodium to plasma sodium] to [urine creatinine to plasma creatinine] increased in the distal portion of the nephrun by CRD-401 infusion. The present results indicate that the natriuretic action of CRD-401 is not only due to the changes in renal hemodynamics but it also may be ascribable to a direct effect of CRD-410 on the sodium reabsorption in the distal part of the nephron.View full abstractDownload PDF (457K) -
Hajime YASUHARA1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 523-533
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing beef brain and liver mitochondria, the effects of several inhibitors on the oxidation of serotonin and tyramine were studied. Mitochondrial MAO of beef brain showed pH optima of 8.8 with serotonin and 8.0 with tyramine. Pheniprazine had similar effects on the oxidations of serotonin and tyramine by brain MAO at pH 7.4 and pH 8.5. Amphetamine inhibited serotonin oxidation much more than tyramine oxidation by brain MAO both at pH 7.4 and pH 8.5. Harmine selectively inhibited serotonin oxidation by brain MAO at pH 7.4. It inhibited serotonin oxidation by brain MAO competitively and tyramine oxidation uncompetitively. However, after heat treatment of mitochondrial MAO of brain at 60°C for 10 min, its effects on the oxidations of serotonin and tyramine were similar. The pI-activity curve of inhibition of oxidation of serotonin coincided with that of tyramine. The effect of harmine on MAO of brain mitochondria differed markedly before and after heat treatment: the pI-activity curve was biphasic before heat treatment but it became sigmoidal after heat treatment. These results suggest that there are at least two types of MAO in beef brain mitochondria: one heat labile, with low affinity for harmine, and the other rather heat stable, with high atnity for harmine. Harmine inhibited liver MAO only very slightly with either serotonin or tyramine as substrate.View full abstractDownload PDF (395K) -
Ikuko UENO, Tomiko HAYASHI, Yoshio UENO1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 535-542
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntracellular distribution of the radioactivity derived from 3H-luteoskyrin in mouse liver was investigated. It was revealed that luteoskyrin has a high affinity to mitochondria and cell debris of mouse liver cells. This characteristic distribution pattern in the liver cells may be responsible for the mitochondrial impairment and the age and sex differences in the susceptibility of mice to this mycotoxin.View full abstractDownload PDF (315K) -
Tetsuyuki NASU, Norimoto URAKAWA1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 543-550
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of caffeine on contractile activity and Ca movement was investigated in guinuEa pig taenia coll. Caffeine at a concentration of 7 mM produced a contraction for approx. 7 min and increased 45Ca influx and efflux without a change in Ca content in the tissue. The effect of caffeine on Ca movement was the same as that of carbachol in the early phase of the contractile response. The caffeine-contraction was not potentiated by an addition of Ca up to four times that of normal concentration, however, the carbachol-contraction was potentiated. When the muscle was soaked in a Ca-free solution, it showed “Ca-free contraction” and a loss of the tissue Ca content. When caffeine was added immediately after the “Ca-free contraction” was relaxed, caffeine produced a transient contraction and increased the loss of the tissue Ca content. Under identical circumstances, carbachol did not induce a contraction or affect the Ca content of the tissue. In conclusion, caffeine was demonstrated to increase Ca exchangeability in smooth muscle cell as did carbachol, however, the results suggested the possibility that caffeine releases a bound Ca in the cell for contraction whereas carbachol induces a contraction by an increase in a permeability of the cell membrane to Ca ions.View full abstractDownload PDF (276K) -
Tamotsu MIYAKE, Kiyohisa UCHIDA, Hisato KAKUSHI, Yasuharu NOMURA, Masu ...1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 551-558
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS2α, 3α-Epithio-5α-androstan-17β-yl l-methoxycyclopentyl ether (10364-S) was found to possess marked myotropic and androgenic activities by oral route in the rat, and its potency and myotropic-androgenic ratio were estimated to be almost equivalent to those of fluoxymesterone. It was further demonstrated that the oral administration of 10364-S, 20 mg/kg a day for 3 weeks, had hardly no effect on liver function of rabbits tested by BSP retention, plasma GOT and GPT activities, and plasma cholesterol levels, whereas treatment with methyltestosterone, oxymetholone or fluoxymesterone, at the same dosage, caused abnormal BSP retention and plasma GOT activity. It is thus concluded, that 10364-S when given orally is an active anabolic agent with a therapeutic potency equivalent to fluoxymesterone yet in clinical administration is less likely to cause hepatic disturbance.View full abstractDownload PDF (282K) -
Hachihiko HIRAYAMA, Kunio SUGIHARA, Shingo TSUYAMA, Kohichi WAKIGAWA, ...1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 559-574
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPharmacological properties were studied on IS-toxin (Gohgi et al. 1973 and Hirayama et al. 1970) and Surugatoxin (Kosuge et al. 1972 and Gohgi et al. 1973: S-toxin) isolated from the Japanese ivory shell, Babylonia japonica. The suppression of spontaneous motility. mydriasis and relaxation of the nictitating membrane were induced by these toxins (i.p.) in cats. The effects of S-toxin on the inner plexus of rat and guinea pig small intestine were investigated in vitro. S-toxin reduced or eliminated the contractile responses of this intestine to DMPP or nicotine, but the toxin did not affect the contraction due to McN-A-343. When S-toxin was applied to cat superior cervical ganglion, it reduced or abolished the contractile response of the nictitating membrane induced by DMPP, while the contraction due to McN-A-343 was hardly affected by this toxin. Furthermore. the toxin (applied to the ganglion) inhibited the postganglionic potentials due to stimulation of the preganglionic fiber. These data indicate that S-toxin acts as a specific inhibitor on the nicotinic receptors of the autonomic ganglia. The ganglioplegic action of S-toxin was less potent (about 1 30) than IS-toxin.View full abstractDownload PDF (652K) -
Akira OUJI1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 575-582
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) on isolated smooth muscle of guinea-pig taenia coil as related to cholinergic and adrenergic receptors of the muscle was investigated using the double sucrose-gap method. PGF2α in the concentration of 1.0×10-6 g/ml caused and augmented the contraction of the smooth muscle by depolarizing the membrane, decreasing the membrane resistance, and increasing the frequency of spike generation. These actions were not abolished by atropine sulfate (10-7 g/ml), phentolamine (10-6 g/ml), propranolol (10-6 g/ml), respectively. PGF2α had the same action as that of acetylcholine on the contraction of the smooth muscle, but the onset was slower and the duration longer. The inhibitory effects of adrenaline (10-7 g/ml), noradrenaline (10-7 g/ml), and isoproterenol (10-7 g/ml) were not suppressed by treatment with PGF2α. These results indicate that the effect of PG was not mediated either by the cholinergic nor the adrenergic receptors (α and βreceptors), and it is suggested that PGFα2 may act on sites of the cell membrane other than adrenergic and cholinergic receptors to increase the membrane conductance as well as in the intracellular mechanism for the induction and augmentation of contraction of the tacnia coli smooth muscle. The interrelationship of the PG and Ca ion is also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (348K) -
Wataru TSUKADA, Takeshi AKIMOTO, Yutaka MIZUSHIMA1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 583-588
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo phase rat paw inflammation was induced by injection of carrageenan into the paw of rats inoculated with adjuvant (adjuvant-carrageenan-induced inflammation, ACII). The model was utilized to analyze the anti-inflammatory action of immunosuppressive drugs. Immunosuppressive drugs intensively inhibited the prolonged phase of ACII, which is considered to occur through the same mechanism as that of adjuvant arthritis. The inhibition was not attributed to immunosuppressive effects nor simple anti-inflammatory effects of the drugs. Immunosuppressive drugs appear to suppress certain biologic activities of lymphoid cells which act as a trigger to induce the prolonged phase.View full abstractDownload PDF (223K) -
Hitoshi KATO, Yuji NOGUCHI, Keijiro TAKAGI1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 589-599
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe antiarrhythmic activities of YB-2 and its optical isomers were investigated in experimentally induced arrhythmias in anesthetized guinea pigs and dogs, and compared with those of propranolol. The local anesthetic and negative inotropic properties of these agents were also examined because of their possible contribution to the antiarrhythmic profile. In anesthetized guinea pigs, these agents showed a significant protecting effect against ouabain-induced arrhythmias; tile order of the potency was as follows, 1-YB-2=dl-YB-2>propranolol>d-YB-2. The similar tendency was also observed in anesthetized dogs. YB-2 and its 1-isomer, 0.1-0.4 mg/kg i.v., were equipotent with propranolol with respect to their protecting effects against methylchloroform-epinephrine-induced ventricular fibrillation in dogs, while the d-isomer, 4 mg/kg i.v., failed to inhibit the arrhythmias. YB-2 and its optical isomers and propranolol were found to have significant local anesthetic activities in guinea pig cornea and dorsal skin and negative inotropic activities in isolated guinea pig atria. There was no significant difference among these agents in each activity. The results suggest that YB-2 and its optical isomers appear to have a similar potency ratio for antiarrhythmic activity as is the case with propranolol and its optical isomers, and that YB-2 may prove to be a useful antiarrhythmic agent in clinical situations.View full abstractDownload PDF (455K) -
Hidenori OHASHI, Tadashi TAKEWAKI, Toshiaki OKADA1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 601-611
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCarbachol (10-8-10-3 M) caused a phasic contraction in the guinea-pig taenia caecum suspended in the Ca-free, K-Tyrode solution. The action of carbachol was concentration-related and was completely antagonized by atropine (10-6 g/ml). The capacity to contract in the absence of external Ca was removed by shortterm exposure to a high concentration of carbachol (more than 5×10-4 M), but was restored after treatment with Ca (0.1-2.0 mM). Carbachol, 10-3 M, was used throughout the following experiments. The degree of restoration increased with the duration of treatment with Ca and with the concentration of Ca. The restored capacity was not maintained but wore off again after return to the Ca-free solution. The time courses of restoration and disappearance of the capacity following addition and withdrawal of Ca were much slower than those of the Ca-contracture and its relaxation. The rate constant for loss of Ca component responsible for the capacity was calculated as 0.063 min-1 by assuming that there is a hyperbolic function between steady isometric tension and [Ca]1. These results suggest that carbachol mobilizes Ca ions from stored Ca, which is in a dynamic equilibrium with [Ca]0, to activate the contractile proteins.View full abstractDownload PDF (478K) -
Chiaki KAMEI, Yoshinobu MASUDA, Masanao SHIMIZU1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 613-619
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of psychotropic drugs on intracranial self-stimulation behavior were investigated in rats with chronic electrodes implanted in the lateral posterior hypothalamus. Major tranquilizers such as chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, haloperidol, clozapine and oxypertine caused a selective depression of self-stimulation at non-debilitating doses, and a dose-response relationship was also observed. Diazepam depressed this behavior at a dose much larger than that impairing rotarod performance. Chlordiazepoxide, on the contrary, failed to depress self-stimulation even at 50 mg/kg, and rather slightly facilitated this behavior at smaller doses. The mode of action of pentobarbital was similar to that of diazepam. Antidepressants, imipramine and amitriptyline depressed this behavior only at doses larger than those which significantly impaired coordinated motor activity. Methamphetamine rather facilitated self-stimulation at 0.5-1 mg/kg, but depressed it at 5 mg/kg. It is coneluded that hypothalamic self-stimulation is most selectively depressed by major tranquilizers.View full abstractDownload PDF (243K) -
Ei-ichi KOKUE, Toyoaki HAYAMA, Takashi NAKAMURA1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 621-626
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe antiulcerogenic properties of sodium polyacrylate (PAS) against experimental ulcerations in rats were studied and compared with amylopectin sulfate (APS). Intragastric administration of PAS or APS to the pylorus ligated rat reduced ulceration. The protective effects of both drugs were dose dependant and PAS was less effective than APS. The gastric lesion induced by reserpine was inhibited by the oral ingestion of PAS mixed with sugar, while APS had no protective effect. More ingesta were found in the stomachs of the PAS group than the APS or control groups. PAS was confirmed to be an inhibitor of pepsin in vitro, but less effective than APS. Although PAS had little effect on the secretory volume of the gastric juice of the 6 hr pylorus ligated rat, it did cause a reduction of free acid in the juice. PAS did not possess anticoagulant activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (250K) -
Kooichi SAIDA, Saizo YANAURA, Nobuyuki CHUJYO1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 627-634
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHigh K induced a sustained contracture in guinea-pig tracheal muscle, of which tonic tension level was dependent on the external K and the external Ca concentration. Ca-free-solution, DNP and malonate applied before the high K application completely inhibited the tension development with high K, whereas these agents partially inhibited the tension when applied during K contracture. Anoxia and glucose-free-solution had little or no effect on K contracture. No phasic contraction was observed under any of the present experimental conditions. The results indicate that the uptake of the extracellular Ca by energy-requiring process is essential for K contracture of tracheal muscle.View full abstractDownload PDF (243K) -
Tatsuo FURUKAWA, Kazushi KUSHIKU, Tetsumi KAWAGOE1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 635-638
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSpecies differences in antagonistic effect of morphine against depressor response to dopamine, determined by the minimum level of blood pressure attained, were observed in dogs, cats and rabbits. A depressor response to dopamine after α-adrenergic blockade was eliminated by morphine in cats, but potentiated in dogs. The response to dopamine after repeated injections of ephedrine was potentiated by morphine both in cats and dogs. Without pretreatment in rabbits, the response to dopamine was diminished by morphine. It thus appears that species difference is considerable regarding antagonism of morphine to dopamine in blood pressure responses.View full abstractDownload PDF (171K) -
Gursarwan SINGH1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 639-640
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
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Tadashi ISO1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 641-642
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
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Noboru TODA, Masakazu HOJO, Koichiro SAKAE, Hachiro USUI1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 642-644
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
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Mitsukazu KITADA, Tetsuya KAMATAKI, Haruo KITAGAWA1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 644-647
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
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Yoshio AIZAWA, Kenji YAMADA1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 647-649
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
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Hideya KIKUCHI, Masao TADOKORO, Fuminori SAKAI1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 649-652
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
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Hitoshi ENDOU, Chikara AIZAWA, Yuji OKA, Fuminori SAKAI1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 652-655
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
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Chiaki KAMEI, Showa UEKI1974 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 655-657
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2006
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