1. The polysaccharides in 104 human cancers and 4 rat hepatomas were studied histochemically, and normal human intestinal mucosae were examined as controls. These polysaccharides were divided histochemically into 3 types, α, β, γ, and the distributions and chemical natures were studied.
2. Chemically, α-type P. were recognized as mucoitin sulfuric acid, and were found most frequently in adenocarcinomas and carcinoma simplex originat-ing from the mucous glands. This type of polysaccharides seems to play significant roles in the development of adenocarcinomas.
3. The β-type P. were recognized as neutral polysaccharides, glycoproteids or mucoproteids, and were found in smaller quantity and fewer frequency in the cavities of adenocarcinomas. This type of polysacharides seems not to play a significant role in the development of adenocarcinomas.
4. The γ-type P. were not found in normal intestinal mucosae. There is no report describing its chemical natures. This substance appeared only in necrobiotic areas of cancer; it is water soluble, and demonstrates apparently strong affinity for iron, copper and cobalt. The biochemical relationship between the γ-type P. and the toxohormone (Nakahara) is very interesting, and further investigation is to be expected.
5. Hyaluronic acid in one case of myxosarcoma and in the fetal umbilical cords were not both stained by P.A.S, method. The author's result agreed with Davies's that the hyaluronic acid is not stained by P.A.S. method.
The author-is greatly indebted to Prof, T: Aoki who gave him the opportunity of doing this work and also invaluable kind advice during the course of this study. Thanks are due to Prof. G. Ooneda for suggesting the useful advices.

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1. Subcutaneous injection of the moderate dose picrotoxin would lower the body temperature of unfastened rabbits at normal room temperature. The fall of the body temperature due to the injection of the drug should be induced by stimulation of the drug on the parasympathetic body temperature regulating centers in the narrow sense, for it would not be caused in such rabbits as, of which the body temperature has been already lowered under 37°C by fastening of them, as which have been situated at hot environment, as of which vagal nerves has been bilaterally cut off, as in which antipyrine has been previously injected, as of which hepatic arteries has been ligated.
2. Influence of subcutaneous injection of the moderate dose picrotoxin on the blood osmotic pressure in rabbits would depend on the fact whether their body temperature is lowered or not by it.
The blood osmotic pressure would be increased when the body temperature is lowered by it as in unfastened rabbits at normal room temperature, while it would be decreased when the body temperature is not lowered by it as in fastened rabbits of which the body temperature has been already lowered under 37°C or as in unfastened rabbits at hot environment.
Then the increase of the blood osmotic pressure due to the injection of the moderate dose picrotoxin should have correlation with the fall of the body temperature caused by the injection of the drug.
3. But the increase of the blood osmotic pressure due to the injection of the moderate dose picrotoxin should be caused not only by the fall of the body temperature induced by it but also by increase of the epinephrine internal secretion of the adrenal glands, which would be induced by stimulation of the drug on the parasympathetic splanchnic nervous centers which are also located in the brain where is supplied by the blood flowing through the internal carotid arteries.
Then the increase of the blood osmotic pressure due to the injection of the drug should be induced mostly by excitation of the sympathetic blood osmotic pressure regulating centers due to the fall of the body temperature caused by the injection of the drug, but partially by stimulation of the drug on the parasympathetic splanchnic nervous centers which would promote the epinephrine internal secretion of the adrenal glands.
4. The decrease of the blood osmotic pressure due to the injection of the drug should be caused by stimulation of the drug on parasympathetic blood osmotic pressure regulating centers, for it could be prevented by ligation of the internal carotid arteries and also by vagotomization in rabbits.
5. By subcutaneous injection of the moderate dose picrotoxin the blood osmotic pressure should be changed in the three ways, as above mentioned. Above all the increase of the blood osmotic pressure caused by excitation of the sympathetic blood osmotic pressure regulating centers due to the fall of the body temperature would be however induced most powerfully. And the increase of it due to increase of the epinephrine internal secretion of the adrenal glands caused by stimulation of the drug on the parasympathetic splanchnic centers would be induced weaker than the decrease of it due to stimulation of the drug on the parasympathetic blood osmotic pressure regulating centers.
This is the reason why the blood osmotic pressure would be increased significantly in unfastened rabbits at normal room temperature as their body temperature is lowered by the injection of the drug, while it would be decreased in fastened rabbits of the low body temperature or in unfastened rabbits at hot environment as their body temperature is not lowered by the injection of it and it would be increased slightly in bilaterally vagotomized rabbits at normal room temperature as their body temperature is not lowered and their blood osmotic pressure is not decreased by the injection of it.

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