1. An investigation was conducted at the following four schools to determine the knowledge of children who graduated primary school regarding various location of prefectures:
1) Ikeda junior high school affiliated with Osaka university of education (April, 1987)
2) Setagaya junior high school affiliated with Tokyo Gakugei university (April, 1987)
3) Hakodate junior high school affiliated with Hokkaido university of education(April, 1988)
4) Fukuoka junior high school affiliated with Fukuoka university of education (April, 1988)
2. By reviewing the geographical distribution of schools in connection with “right”, “wrong” and “no” answers, the following characteristics can be found:
1) Children in Tokyo and Hakodate are comparatively strong in their knowledge of prefectures in the eastern part of Japan and weak in their knowledge about the western part of Japan.
2) Children in Osaka, unlike those of Tokyo, have an almost average knowledges about the prefectures of both eastern and western Japan.
3) Children in Fukuoka are strong in their knowledge of the prefectures in western Japan and weak in that of eastern Japan.
4) Children of all schools are comparatively strong in their knowledge of places both close to or far away from their own homes. They are weak in places located between near and remote places.
3. There are five factors for the correct answers:
1) The prefectures are located at the ends of the country.
2) The prefectures have large areas.
3) The prefectures have characteristic peninsulars or lakes.
4) The prefectures are located close to the domicile.
5) The prefectures have the same names as their capitae cities.
4. The above five factors function as “negative” in “wrong” or “no” answers.
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