Journal of The Society of Photographic Science and Technology of Japan
Online ISSN : 1884-5932
Print ISSN : 0369-5662
ISSN-L : 0369-5662
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Volume 32, Issue 4
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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  • The Properties of Collagen and Gelatin in Organic Solvents
    Yoshiko UEMATSU
    1969 Volume 32 Issue 4 Pages 185-193
    Published: December 25, 1969
    Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.32.4_185
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    The solution properties of proteins and polypeptides have been almost exclusively studied in aqueous media. On the other hand it can be readily appreciated that much interesting and fundamental information should be obtained by the studies of nonaqueous solutions of these substances. In some respects, the situation has its parallel in the field of simple electrolytes. The accessibility of a wide variety of physical and chemical properties among non-aueous solvents is the primary reason for their usef ullness in such studies. Thus, broad variations in dielectric constant, viscosity, temperature, spectral tranceparency, solvent molecular volume and structure, relative acidity or basicity, proton accepting and donating capacity, chemical inertness, are at least hypothetically accessible. Some representative recent studies of nonaqueous solutions of collagen and related polymers are discussed, and suggestions are derived from these of possible new directions such investigations might profitably explore. Proteins are generally not directly soluble in the common nonpolar solvents or in the usual polar solvents such as alcohol and acetone. The polar liquids which have been found to serve as solvents for proteins may be classified into two broad categories, strongly protic and weakly protic. The properties and conf ormations of protein molecules and related polymers in nonaqueous solvents of each category and factors involved in determning protein conformations in solution are discussed.
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  • Spectral Sensitization of Photoconduction in CdS Powder by Cyanine Dyes (I)
    Hisashi NAKATSUI, Yasushi HISHIKI, SUSUMU NAMBA
    1969 Volume 32 Issue 4 Pages 194-200
    Published: December 25, 1969
    Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.32.4_194
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    The photoconductivity of cadmium sulfide can be sensitized for the wave length longer than the fundamental absorption of the host crystal by the dyes adsorbed on the surface.
    Although many kind of cyanine dyes were used to sensitize thephotoconductivity of cadmium sulfide, the following special features of interrest are pointed out.
    (1) Some dyes show the sensitizing character of J-band by the presence of J-aggregate on the surface of CdS, which is similar to the case of silver halides.
    (2) The time response of photoconductivity of cadmium sulfide is fast when cadmium sulfide is sensitized by some dyes.
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  • Spectral Sensitization of Potoconduction in CdS Powder by Cyanine Dyes (II)
    Hisashi NAKATSUI, Yasushi HISHIKI
    1969 Volume 32 Issue 4 Pages 201-206
    Published: December 25, 1969
    Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.32.4_201
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    Processes involving the thermal activation energy and the activation energy of the illumination are shown to be of basic importance for the photoconductivity properties of CdS powder and sensitized CdS powder. Sensitizing by dye in CdS decreases activation energy in the illumination compared with thermal activation energy and increases the true photosensitivity.
    Trap depths in vacuum for the CdS powder and sensitized CdS is observed by the measurement of the thermally stimulated current (T. S. C.). The experimental results of T. S. C. indicated that the trap depths of CdS and sensitized CdS recognized the exsistence of the various traps which was made to fill the electrons from the shallow trapping levels to conduction band.
    It is interpreted by injecting thermally electrons in sensitized region from the number of the traps to conduction band of the CdS in the room temperature.
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  • Losses of Chemicals in Photographic Processing with the Replenishment Technique
    Shinya MIZUSAWA
    1969 Volume 32 Issue 4 Pages 207-215
    Published: December 25, 1969
    Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.32.4_207
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    It is common practice to renew solutions in the photographic processing machines by the use of replenishment system. This replenishment technique is quite effective and essential method in order to maintain the good and constant photographic image qualities, but has the defect of wasting the chemicals for processing.
    Calculations of reasonable replenishment rate and replenisher formulas are discussed following Goldwasser's report and applied to an example of dichromate bleach solution.
    Considering the degree of utilization of chemical, (i. e. the ratio of the chemical used up directly to react with photographic film to that overflowed from tank and drained), and applying the calculations of utilization degree to the actual processing data with replenishment technique, very low percentages of utilization of chemicals are obtained.
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  • Studies on Lith Development (III)
    Image Spreading Phenomenon in Lith Development
    Tsuneo SUGA
    1969 Volume 32 Issue 4 Pages 216-222
    Published: December 25, 1969
    Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.32.4_216
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    It is well known that lith developement has a phenomenon of image spreading. Yule considered that it is due to the oxidation products of hydroquinone.
    In this paper image spreading in lith development was observed and the effect of the oxidation products on lith development was investigated.
    The experiments showed:
    1. Image spreading in lith development disappeared by the addition of sulfite ion
    2. The addition of quinone to lith developer resulted in an increase of sensitivity, but no effects were observed in the sulfite-free hydroquinone developer which contains no bromide ion.
    3. The addition of siver chloride emulsion to lith developer increased the rate of development, but in the absence of bromide ion the rate decreased.
    4. When bromide ion was removed from lith developer the rate of development and m aximum density increased.
    These facts suggest that the oxidation products themselves are on active developing agent. Their roll in lith development probably decreases the negative charge barrier effect resulting the approach of active hydroquinone anion to promote lith development.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1969 Volume 32 Issue 4 Pages 223-227
    Published: December 25, 1969
    Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.32.4_223
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  • [title in Japanese]
    1969 Volume 32 Issue 4 Pages plate1
    Published: December 25, 1969
    Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.32.4_plate1
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