Journal of The Society of Photographic Science and Technology of Japan

Potentiometric Titration of IAG Gelatins

Investigation of the behavior of chloride, thiosulphate and adenine

H. IRIE, K. TORIMARU, H. TANAKA

1980 Volume 43 Issue 4 Pages 221-229
Published: August 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.43.221

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IAG gelatins were studied by the potentiometric titration with a silver electrode and ammonical silver nitrate solutions. It is found that IAG gelatins are classified into three groups according to their titration behavior.
Effects of chloride, thiosulphate and adenine on the potetiometric titration curves were studied.
Chloride has the most remarkable effect on the titration curve of gelatin solution, revealing itself as a bent or a plateau on the curve.
It is found for IAG gelatins that there exist regressive relations between the initial potential and each of the thiosulphate and sulphur dioxide contents reported by other authors.
Thiosulphate gives a maximum and minimum to the titration curve when the concentration of silver nitrate solution or the speed of the titration matches with the thiosulphate content of gelatin.
Adenine seems to suppress somewhat the potential ascent along the titration curve as a whole.

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Characteristics of Free Radical Sensitive Materials on Electron Beam

Relation to the Depth-Dose Function

Takashi SHIRAKAWA

1980 Volume 43 Issue 4 Pages 230-237
Published: August 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.43.230

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The characteristics of electron-beam recording for a free-radical sensitive material (carbon tetrabromide/diphenylamine system) were studied at various accelerating voltages, electron beam exposures, and sensitive-material thicknesses. The experimental results were found to correspond with calculations of the total number of dye molecules generated by the energy dissipated by penetrating electrons. This, in turn, depends on a “depth-dose function”. Other conclusions have been reached as follows:-1) The distribution of the dye molecules generated along the electron-path from the surface downwards is not uniform, but reaches a maximum value at a certain depth. 2) Optical density increases with electron beam exposure, but its saturation value depends on “penetration range” (maximum penetration distance) which is a function of accelerating voltage. The “penetration ranges” obtained from our experiments were proportional to the (1.7) th power of the accelerating voltages, and were close to the so-called “Grun range”. 3) As long as the thickness of the sensitive material is greater than the “penetration range” optical density increases with accelerating voltage. However, if the thickness is less than the “penetration range”, the optical density decreases with increasing accelerating voltages. 4) There exists on the surface of the material a non sensitive layer (about 2¨m thick) caused by cracks or other imperfections, through which electrons appear to pass unimpeded.

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Formation of Pigment Image and its Quality

Kakuya SUGIURA, Hiroshi OKAYAMA, Shigeru OHE

1980 Volume 43 Issue 4 Pages 238-244
Published: August 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.43.238

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In the classical photography, there are many techniques which utilize the sensitivity of silver halide, bichromated colloid and f erric salt. Some of them are applicable, in the fields of arts and crafts, in combination with modern photographic materials.
In this paper, first the traditional gum process is examined and the image obtained by the process is evaluated from the standpoint of imaging system. Secondly, the authors prapare a photographic material, by mixing a pigment with silver halide gelatino emulsion, to constitute a unique imaging system for pigment picture, where an image is formed by imagewise softening or tanning of the gelatin coexisting reduced silver. And the image sharpness in both processes is evaluated by a contrast transfer function (CTF). As the result, it is clarified that the silver halide pigment photography has some merits in sensitivity and image quality, in comparison with the traditional process.

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Analysis of Photographic Processing Solutions by Ion Chromatography (I)

Analysis of Developing Solutions

Fumio KARASAWA, Takashi OHNO, Shinya MIZUSAWA

1980 Volume 43 Issue 4 Pages 245-250
Published: August 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.43.245

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An ion chromatographic method was applied to the analysis of photographic developing solutions. An electric conductivity detector, dilute Na₂CO₃ eluent, a separating column with anion exchange resin of very low capacity and a stripping column with cation exchange resin of high capacity were adopted in the apparatus of ion chromatography. We have succeeded in preparing the suitable anion exchange resin of very low capacity for the analysis of anionic components in photographic processing solutions. By this technique, satisfactory analytical results were obtained with respect to Cl^-, Br^-, SO₄^2- and SO₃^2- in some developing solutions.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1980 Volume 43 Issue 4 Pages 251-260
Published: August 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11454/photogrst1964.43.251

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