From the invention of current chromogenic silver halide color photography ,various research and development have been carried out by manufacturers in several countries. As a result , the image stability of color photographic paper has reached a sufficient level for long-term storage in both dark and light condition.

This paper introduces techniques for colorizing black-and-white images and videos with high accuracy using deep learning. We first present the conventional approaches for image colorization and explain how deep learning-based methods work to convert grayscale images into color images. We also introduce a deep learning-based approach for restoring and colorizing deteriorated vintage films. We discuss not only the advantages of these methods but also their fundamental problems. Finally, we discuss future prospects of the image and video colorization tasks.

Following the overall shift to digital in the film industry, the use of digital archives in the field of home movies, most typically in 8 mm format, has been expanding and attracting attention in recent years. This paper gives an overview  of the position of home movies in film preservation activities and then reports on a case study of the large-scale collection and digital archiving of home movies in Austria. The paper then discusses how the records and memories of daily life preserved on film can be passed on to the future.

Digitalization of paper materials, including paper business documents and various forms of materials created in the past, will be explained, focusing on the characteristics and features of input devices, while taking into account efficient methods, required quality, and storage methods in familiar business situations.

ISO/TC42 has standardized test methods for image permanence of various photographic prints. This report describes activity of standardization in ISO/TC42. Our recent research for standardization is also described regarding（i）image parameter of degradation and（ii）light stability under LED lighting.

Pb perovskite solar cells were derived from the research on dye-sensitized solar cells. During the research progress, the process on dye-sensitized solar cells were merged with that of organic thin film solar cells to give high efficiency  solar cells. Although the Pb perovskite solar cells are prepared by printing technology at low temperature, the efficiency higher than 25 % has been reported, and is going to catch up that of single crystalline silicon solar cells prepared at 1500 °C. The research trend is to make modules with large area. However, Pb ions containing in the previous perovskite solar cells was one of the concerns for the industrialization. Sn perovskite solves the disadvantage.  In addition, the theoretical efficiency of the Sn perovskite solar cells is higher than that of Pb perovskite solar cells. The problem is the low efficiency caused by various defects in the lattice and the grain boundary. After taking approaches to decrease the defect density, the efficiency has been enhanced to 14-15% for Pb free Sn perovskite solar cells and 23-24% for SnPb alloyed perovskite solar cells which surpassed the Pb perovskite solar cells with the same inverted structure. These results would be applied to the fabrication of the bottom layers of the perovskite tandem solar cells with the efficiency over 33% which is the theoretical limit of single junction solar cells.

While H₂ production by photocatalytic overall water splitting（OWS）, dye-sensitized solar cells（DSC）, perovskite solar cells（PSC）, and thin layer organic solar cells（OSC）, which are expected to contribute to green innovation, were initiated and extended from the field of silver halide（AgX）photography, they have such common axes as light absorption to form excitons, charge separation of excitons to form free electrons and positive holes, and suppression of recombination between electrons and positive holes. From this viewpoint, this society held a seminar in order to share the knowledge on these devices and to enhance cross-sectional discussions. In this article, the circumstances of these devices are described at first. Since they have the above-stated common axes, cross-sectional analysis has been made on these axes in these devices and color films to understand their mechanisms and to look for ideas to enhance their performances.

In this article, I briefly summarize the overall picture of material production based on photoenergy conversion, then explain the research results on “CO₂-free hydrogen production using photocatalysts” obtained in the NEDO artificial  photosynthesis project（FY2012-FY2021）and the path to social implementation. The photocatalytic sheet developed in this project has the potential to produce CO₂-free hydrogen at low cost. In order to produce hydrogen at low cost using photocatalysts, it is essential to develop photocatalysts that can absorb light of long wavelengths and convert the absorbed light energy into hydrogen energy with high quantum yield.

Smartphone cameras and CMOS image sensors（CIS）are evolving rapidly. This paper gives a bird's-eye view of the latest trends in these imaging technologies in two parts. The first part explains the evolution of CIS technology. Those are the technological evolutions that CIS has acquired in the process of Smartphone CIS Camera defeating CCD compact digital cameras and starting the challenge of interchangeable lens 35 mm full-frame cameras. In the second part, the evolution of smartphone cameras will be introduced by elemental technology. For example, technological evolution such as “camera module” and “fusion of imaging and computing” will be explained. And the goal is the latest “smartphone vs. camera battle record”.

Muon radiography is a geophysical survey technique that can image magma conduits in shallow parts of volcanoes and has recently attracted attention from the viewpoint of basic research on volcanology and disaster prevention. In this article, we review the progress of muon radiography of volcanoes using nuclear emulsion from the viewpoint of volcanological significance, observation techniques, analysis techniques, and combination with other observables.

Low-energy charged particles in cosmic rays are scattered in the topography or material around volcanoes and muon detectors, and some of them accidentally become a contamination. In order to measure the density value accurately, momentum filtering by Emulsion Cloud Chamber was performed. As a result, the density structure of the Showashinzan lava dome was updated and became more harmonized with the results of the conventional survey method. Nuclear emulsion has a high positional resolution and can effectively remove low-energy charged particles with a less weight of scattering matrial. In addition, it is easy to transport to volcanoes where infrastructure is not well developed, because it does not need power supply and has good shock-resistance. Taking advantage of this mobility, multi-directional muon radiography and reconstruction of three-dimensional density of a volcano is ongoing.