The fundamental features and design technologies of digital still camera optics are described. In the current issue, we discuss the basic specifications of optics from the viewpoint of the relation to the characteristics of image sensor. In the next issue, we will explain the distinguishing feature of sampled imaging systems, and outline some design technologies of digital still camera optics.
Degradation of water damaged photographic materials is discussed; the most vulnerable elements are gelatin layers and silver image. A simple and inexpensive chemical treatment is proposed, consisting of a bath containing a gelatin-protecting biocide and a silver image protecting agent. These ingredients were selected among those used in manufacturing of silver halide photographic emulsions or processing chemicals. Experiments confirmed that this treatment significantly reduced oxidative attacks to silver image and bacterial degradation of gelatin layers. The treated material was also stable under intense light fading test. Method of hardening gelatin to suppress swelling is also discussed.