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Volume 59 (1996)
- Issue 6 Pages 672-
- Issue 5 Pages 582-
- Issue 4 Pages 489-
- Issue 3 Pages 385-
- Issue 2 Pages 276-
- Issue 1 Pages 105-
Volume 59, Issue 3
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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1996 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 385-417
Published: June 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (6346K) -
Keiji SUZUKI, Kozo MORITA, Tatsuro OTSUKA1996 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 418-427
Published: June 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pH dependence of physical retardance (PRD) of thermally irradiated gelatins was studied. And the effects of the degeneration of thermally coagulated substance, free amino acids and active impurities on PRD were investigated.
PRD increased with the decrease of molecular weight which was resulted from thermal irradiation. However, when calcium ions and free amino acids coexist, PRD decreased at pH 4 ripening.
It was assumed that these changes were due to the charge shift of gelatin molecules. However we found also that the change of PRD by thermal irradiation was caused not only by the charge shift but also by other factors to be identified.View full abstractDownload PDF (1368K) -
Mitsuo KAWASAKI, Hisao INOKUMA1996 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 428-434
Published: June 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor two-dimensional J-aggregates of simple cyanine self-assembled on a halide-covered Ag (111) film, a series of angle-resolved reflection spectra were measured with both p-and s-polarized lights. The observed angle dependencies of the intensity of the J- band proved to be quantitatively explainable by assuming that the transition dipoles of the adsorbed dye molecules, lying parallel to the substrate surface, interact with the composite total electric field set up by interference between the incident beam and that reflected from the Ag (111) surface. Proper correction for this interference effect allowed the molar absorption coefficient of the two-dimensional J-aggregate (ε=5.0×108mol-1cm2 at the peak of the J-band with about 15 nm FWHM) to be extracted from the apparent reflection absorbance at the normal incidence.View full abstractDownload PDF (1060K) -
Kimiyasu MORIMURA, Hiroyuki MIFUNE1996 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 435-438
Published: June 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy applying diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to 0.2μm octahedral AgBr emulsions which were digested in the presence of various amount of sulfur sensitizers, the absorption bands of sulfur sensitization centers and fog centers were distingished from each other. The absorption band of fog centers was recognized for the first time as a wide one extending from 500 nm to 780 nm. Sulfur sensitization centers were identified as the species that had the absorption band at 520 nm, as Moisar had already done. The activation energies for the formation of sulfur sensitization centers and sulfur fog centers as measured on the basis of the above- stated observation were estimated 32.0 kcal/ mol and 39.8 kcal/ mol, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (576K) -
Yusuke OKAWA, Hiroyuki MATSUDA, Kyou IGUCHI, Hiroyuki KOBAYASHI, Takas ...1996 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 439-443
Published: June 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGelation process during cooling a gelatin sol was studied with a vibrating rod rheometer and a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). As temperature decreased, rise in the viscosity was observed first, and then rise in the rigidity followed. This behavior did not depend on experimental conditions, such as sample gelatin examined, sample concentration, cooling rate. The rise in the viscosity corresponds to the start of the intermolecular crosslinkage, and the rise in the rigidity the divergence of the gel network size through 'percolation transition'. DSC measurement under the identical conditions to the rheological measurements gave an exothermic peak. The onset temperature of the DSC peak approximately agrees with the temperature where the viscosity starts to increase. As the heat generation in gelation corresponds to the formation of hydrogen bonding, that is, crosslinkage, the above behavior is reasonable. The concentration dependence of gelation examined with rheological measurements shows that the gelation temperature steeply decreases when the concentration is lower than ca. 2 wt% presumably caused by the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The change in gel structure in this region was suggested.View full abstractDownload PDF (698K) -
Hiroyuki ASANUMA, Tadaaki TANI1996 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 444-450
Published: June 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDesorption process of J- aggregates of sensitizing dyes from AgBr grains in emulsions was investigated by use of a macroporous cross-linked polystyrene resin as an adsorbent for the dyes. The desorption rate did not depend on the residual dye concentration on the grain surface. The increase in the size of J- aggregates formed on AgBr grains caused a) the decrease in the desorption rate, b) increase in the activation energy for the desorption, and c) increase in the heat of adsorption of the dyes to the grains. These results supported the mechanism of the growth of J- aggregates of dyes through the repetition of the desorption and adsorption processes, as proposed in the previous paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (754K) -
Ryoka MATSUSHIMA, Naoji SUZUKI, Yusuke HAMADA, Motonobu MORIOKA, Kazus ...1996 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 452-456
Published: June 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhotochemical reaction of some 2-hydroxychalcone derivatives into colored flavylium ions was studied in various solvents. 4'- Amino derivatives revealed high quantum yields for coloration (φF 0.2-0.3) in the presence of 5 mM trifluoroacetic acid in toluene or tetrahydrofuran, while acetic acid, water, and some alcohols as solvent appeared to depress the reaction. A simpler reaction scheme has been proposed involving photochemical trans- cis isomerization followed by acid- catalyzed cyclization into cyclic hemiacetals and subsequent dehydration to give flavylium ions.View full abstractDownload PDF (606K) -
Masanori NAGOSHI, Manabu YOSHIDA, Hajime TUDA, Hidetoshi KAMI, Norihis ...1996 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 457-464
Published: June 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPolypeptide having about 50% carbazolyl groups (Poly {γ-[β-(N-carbazolyl) ethyl]-Lglutamate/methyl-L-glutamate} copolypeptide (PC 50 LG)) was synthesized. The molar ellipticity corresponding to the α-helical structure of PC 50 LG was considerably increased by adding the cyanine dye both in solution and in film. This can be attributed to the change in the main chain structure of PC 50 LG and/or the conformation of side chain caused by the interaction between conjugated π-electron of carbazolyl group on PC 50 LG side chain and conjugated π-electron of cyanine dye. The induced circular dichroism (ICD) was also found in the absorption band corresponding to the cyanine dye both for the film and for the solution containing PC 50 LG and cyanine dye. Further, the shape and the magnitude of this ICD significantly varied with the methine length in cyanine dye. Taking the molecular length of the cyanine dyes and the estimated molecular structure of PC 50 LG into account, these results suggest that cyanine dyes interact with carbazolyl groups on α-helical chain of PC 50 LG and the conformation of the cyanine dye·PC 50 LG complex is affected by the methine length in cyanine dye. The photocurrent of cyanine dye-doped PC 50 LG was also examined. Consequently, NK- 76 doped PC 50 LG film, showing the strongest ICD in the present experiment, gave about 10 times larger photocurrent than PC 50 LG film containing no cyanine dye.View full abstractDownload PDF (1028K) -
Tetsuya KUNISAWA, Tomoo SATO, Yoshiro YONEZAWA, M. I. SLUCH, A. G. VIT ...1996 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 465-470
Published: June 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPolymer films containing quinocyanine dyes (1, 1'-diethyl-2, 2'-cyanine chloride and 5, 6, 5', 6'-dibenzo-1, 1'-diethyl-2, 2'-cyanine chloride) were fabricated by dropping aqueous solutions of the cyanine dye and the water- soluble polymer, i. e., high molecular weight carboxylic acid and polyvinylalcohol, on the quartz plate and drying. The aggregation state of cyanine dyes (monomer, dimer, J- aggregate etc.) could be controlled by changing the kind of polymers as well as the ratio of the amounts of dye to the polymer. When sodium alginate, a typical polysaccharide, was used, the J-aggregate of cyanine dyes was formed fairly easily. In case of polymethacrylic acid, the dye molecules were incorporated into the film as monomer or dimer. The J-aggregation seems to be influenced by the kind and the amount of polymer, as well as the electrostatic interaction between cationic dye and anionic polymer. Moreover, we examined the preparation of the polymer film containing two kinds of J-aggregate.View full abstractDownload PDF (723K) -
Yukihiro OKADA, Kazuya ENDOH, Jun NISHIMURA1996 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 471-474
Published: June 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRigid calixarene analog 4, having two hydrogen bonding sites, strongly binds the vicinal diols. The distance between two hydroxy groups of diol fits the size complementarily. Ethanediol shows the largest binding constant among all diols.View full abstractDownload PDF (470K)
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