The unprecedented world depression of 1930-1933 must have been the ultimate event which was doomed never to be averted after the European War. Amid the depression, every nation has made desperate efforts to get rid of it, with the result that the world economic structure has undergone a decisive change. The writer of this article is inclined to believe the world economy has started recovery by strides under the new economic system which he tries to prove from the point of view of the demand for copper.
Regarding the copper demand, he expatiates upon the facts lying behind the consumption of copper.Graphs are prepared for several big nations, showing the trends of demand for copper, production of electric power, automobile industry, building industry and indices of industrial production, all of which point to a striking feature of recovery for the past three years. The seventh graph shows the indices of the world copper demand and supply and the eighth graph presents a decreasing trend of the world stocks of copper.
The conclusion is that the recovery of copper demand far exceeds the increase of copper production, and the excess has absorbed the supply from the new resources of Northern Rhodesian copper mines; that the Northern Rhodesian low cost copper may eventually take the place of the American copper in European market, so that the United States copper mines may, when their copper stocks are depleted, naturally tend to confine their supply to their home market protected by the exorbitant tariff; and that the world copper market, backed by the world economic recovery, may be stabilized in the near future.

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Chia-p'i-kou= chin-ch'ang, within the jurisdiction of Pref. Hua-tien-hsien, has been well known from of old as the most celebrated mountain gold mine in the whole Manchuria, and is situated in the upper reaches of Wei-sha-ho, being a right tributary of the eastern upper reaches of Sungari (Sun-hua-chiang). According to the old chronicles, the exploratory work of its mine gold was continued during the period of 68 years from the 25th year of Tao-kuang (1845 A.D.) up to the first year of Min-kuo (1912 A.D.). When the mine was very prosperous for a while in the middle age of rung-chih (18664870), then forty thousand and odd of diggers swarmed about the gold diggings, and the production of gold was daily about 20 kg.(500-odd hang) and monthly about 600 kg.
In the Chia-p'i-kou and its environs extending over the catchment are of the Wei-sha-ho, moreover gold placers were operated from the beginning of Tao-kuang (1821-1830) and their virgin fields in general vanished unfortunately in the 25th year of Kuan-hsü(1899).
Subsequently year after year, the rejected ores and sand of mine gold and placers were even so often disposed of by the primitive methods, and the precious natural products were scrupulous collected, After the trifling operations, there was nothing remained but to see the old workings, at long last, in the 8th year of Min-kuo (1919).
This vast region of Pref. Hua-tien-hsien with its centre located at Chia-p'i-kou, was once possibly the richest gold field by referring to the yield number and areas of the gold placers, and from old times up to late years (1854-1931) the border-land has been perfectly occupied for four generations in succession by the powerful family “Lao-han-chia”, which, from father to son, reigned over his own territory and peoples for 78 years, and devoted entirely to the gold mining industry. This absolute monarchy is called “Han-wang-kuo”, and its territory is well known as “Han-pien-wai”. The gold undertaking, even if continue, is positively promising. But we are futly aware that the greater part of Han-pien-wai is still remained to be untouched as “a terra incognita”. Judging from our present knowledge of Han-pien-wai, it seems to be foreseen that many new discoveries of mine gold will be forthcoming in the untouched areas, which will be provided with lead-silver ores, iron ores, cupper ores, good coal etc. as the accessory mining resourses.
The present paper involves such contents as:-historical sketch, mine gold deposits of Han-pien-wai, and some consideration in regard to its future developments.

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North Saghalin oil fields have been found in 1880, and several prospecting works been undertaken by some operators but did not succeeded. After the conclusion of the convension embodying basic rules of the relation between Japan and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics at Peking in 1925, our country took the concession for the exploitation 50% in area of the oil field and the prospecting over an area of 1, 000 square verts.
The active development in Oha Oil Field of North Saghalin Oil Company is outlined in this paper.

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