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 The Nile is the longest river in the world and its total length is about 6,650 km. The Nile is an "international" river as its water resources are shared by 11 countries which names are Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, D.R.Congo, Kenya, Ethiopia, Eritrea, South Sudan, Sudan and Egypt.  The Nile has 3 large branch streams, the White Nile, Blue Nile and Atbara River. And there are many mid-channel bars in those rivers.
 Regarding the land use of the mid-channel bars, 97 islands have villages or towns with rich agriculture fields. Especially, there is Gezira Aba Island a large island in the White Nile, the population of island is around 45,000. 308 islands are for agriculture and the remaining 501 islands are covered by natural vegetation.

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Neighborhood walkability represents physical supports for walking in urban environments, and an increasing number of studies have been conducted to investigate its potential influence on health of residents.  In Japan, improving nation's health is an urgent, inevitable issue in order to prepare for the quickly approaching super-aging society.  The present research utilizes the Housing and Land Survey to extract quantitative walkability indices and examines relationships between them.

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I present the efforts for teacher training on EGU-GIFT.
The GIFT theme of thie year was "Natural Hazard" and 80 teachers paticipated.
 

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Is it possible to determine Japanese seasons year by year, on pressure distribution around Japan Islands, or
synoptic chart?  The possibilities are discussed here, for two years, 2010 with extraordinary hot summer and not so extraordinary 2005.

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We present on newly found active fault traces on the Minobu fault along the Fuji river in southern Yamanashi prefecture. Active faulting is mainly left-lateral strike-slip with west-side uprheaval.

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A nuclear disaster following the accident
at Tokyo Electric Power Company’s (TEPCO) Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station
has influenced to civic life in Fukushima Prefecture. Approximately 150,000 residents
have been forced to evacuate from their homes to other parts of the prefecture
and around Japan, and many municipalities have had to shift their local government
functions to other locations. In these situations, many residents in the
disaster area have been moved to shelters or temporary housings, and securing
their mobility which enabled to do their activities such as commuting has
become a big problem. This report aims to clear on the way of securing
accessibility in a time of disaster through an analysis of mobility needs.

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   Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI of Japan) have observed and analyzed a landslide type ground surface deformation using InSAR technology. We find a interference fringes that shows ground surface deformation on the archive InSAR imagery in Kuchisakamoto area, Shizuoka Prefecture. As a result of field survey, we identified occurring of landslide on this area. We report preliminary a relation between InSAR imagery and the result of field survey.

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   A study cases about risk assessment standard of land liquefaction using landform classification are many. Koarai et al. (2013) suggest the assessment table of land liquefaction risk connecting landform classification and seismic intensity, considering plural study cases. Relationship between a seismic ground motion and landform classification is summarized in Cabinet Office (2005a, b) and GSI (2007). We present about new seismic hazard assessment standard using the landform classification of the land condition data, considering Koarai et al. (2013), Cabinet Office (2005a, b) and so on.

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Japan

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This report describes results with examination of recovery processes of coastal landform eroded by the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami in the central part of the Miyagi coast. Firstly we clarified the change of coastal landform in the study area at the tsunami event based on interpretation of aerial photographs taken at the tsunami event and after that. In addition to these, we carried out kinematic surveying by GPS in ored to clarify the present topography. These results were overlapped by GIS and we considered recovery processes of the topography after the tsunami event.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the reproducibility of hydrological processes by Land surface model (LSM) in semiarid grassland on seasonal frost. The validation of MATSIRO was carried out over the grassland on seasonal frost sites at Tongyu in China and Kherlen Bayan Ulaan in Mongolia. Two kinds of experiments have been carried out, which LSM was run with the default parameters (CTL) and observed parameters (OBS) for soil physics and hydrology, and vegetation. The OBS run showed better reproducibility than CTL run especially for soil temperature while soil moisture showed poor reproducibility for both.

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