In Japan, the number of full-time farm households has continued to decrease since the latter half of 20th century. The number of part-time households has been also decreasing remarkably during the same periods. Cultivated acreage aligned with these tendencies and it has decreased. As a result, the farmland which is not cultivated gradually increased and it may also grow into a social problem. Therefore, the present condition and future view of Japanese agriculture was elaborately examined in the study in terms of analyzing the transition of non-cultivated arable land by owners from a historical perspective.

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The purpose of this research is to examine relationships between spatio-temporal patterns of crimes and neighborhood daily dynamics in Osaka City, Japan. Collections of mails distributed by Osaka Prefectural Police Department were used to understand postal addresses and date of snatch-and-grab crimes. On the other hand, hourly populations within 250m grid were estimated from a new dataset derived from locations of mobile phones. The results indicate that there are significant spatio-temporal variations of crimes within the city. The relations to neighborhood daily dynamics were studied in different approaches.

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I interviewed local residents and took a questionnaire survey at an old castle town of Matsusaka for the purpose of understanding the present condition of the castle town landscape in Matsusaka, Mie, local community preserving and opinions. Based on the results, I induced a possible future plan for preservation of landscapes.

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[in Japanese]

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On the basis of establishment initiatives and impact on society in Hong Kong, I examined the possibilities and problems of the Hong Kong Geopark. From the results, I made recommendations about the direction of Japanese geoparks with comparison of Hong Kong, and other world's geoparks.

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From 2010 AJG started the system on Professional Region Surveyor with research capabilities to investigate comprehensive nature, society, and behavior of humanities. It is thought as the basics of the geography itself to comprehend synthetically physical and human geography. The author thinks impossible that recent university students in geography education and research could not get such a qualification. The author tried to review the practice of research papers in the field of heatstroke as climatology region researchers.

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This study aims to analyze results of local voluntary disaster prevention. The study is a case study dealing with 3.11 East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in southern coastal part of Miyagi prefecture, Iwanuma City, Watari Town, and Yamamoto Town. Concrete conditions of disaster preventing activities in local community units in the study area are clarified and effects of the activities in 3.11 mitigation are discussed in the paper.

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Influence by the disasters of 2011 in Aizu region

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We present some examples of mass movements on faults scarps of some active fault zone in the eastern Japan. It is not uncommon that mass movements develop on fault scarps. It is possible that locations of active fault traces are moved and that amounts of slip are overestimated in fault scarps with mass movements. Therefore, it is necessary to check the presence of mass movement when we map active faults traces and measure amounts of fault slip. We must give attention to landforms of broad area when we investigate tectonic landforms in the area where large scale mass movements develop.

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A rock avalanche feature having flow mounds and jigsaw crack deposits is present in the northwestern side of Mount Mitou, 70km west of Tokyo. This rock avalanche produced a natural dam in the valley bottom, resulting in formation of a small pond or a flood plain. Estimated volumetric magnitude and age of the deposits are 2*10^7 m^3 and 1292-1399 cal AD or before, respectively.

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This study aims to examine the effects of landslide on spatial distribution of non-forested openings and their roles in creating habitat for bird and mammal species in the central western Cascade Range, Oregon. The results of GIS analysis of vegetation and landforms indicate that distribution of non-forested openings is related to micro-landforms that formed inside a landslide area. Preliminary observations indicate that shrubs dominated by Acer circinatum and Alnus crispa ssp. sinuate provide habitat for wildlife.

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Toe River is one of the distributaries in the Ayeyarwady Delta, Myanmar and it is characterized the extreme flat and low plain with and elevation less than15.24 m above sea level. Spatial and temporal changes of channel pattern are related to human and natural environmental impact of the Toe River Channel. The channel patterns, width, sinuosity of the main river channel and sediment distributions along the channel are dramatically changed by annual floods in the study area. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between the river morphology and grain size distribution along the Toe River using GIS and field survey. Topographic maps, UTM maps, Google Earth Image, Digital Elevation Model, aerial Photos are used and sediment survey samples and cross section profile, velocity and discharge are collected in the field survey. Some parts of the river bed are very shallow by human activities and conjunction of two rivers. The surface soil of the surrounding area of the Toe River plain is covered by the new deposits transported by the several tributaries coming from Ayeyarwady River and eastern mountain range (near Twantay Township).

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We investigated on the characteristics of longitudinal profiles of landforms on Ooyodo River system.

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Tenjogawa in Japanese means a raised bed river that has higher bed than the surrounded plain. Tenjogawa often has developed in Japan along artificially fixed river with embankments because of the convergence and deposition of sediment on the river bed. There are few geomorphologic studies on Tenjogawa because it develops under artificial conditions. This study aims to clarify the development of Tenjogawa focusing on several rivers including the Kizugawa River. We made a geomorphological map and it shows the tributaries of Kizugawa River became Tenjogawa after construction of artificial levee and fixing channel along with the mainstream of Kizugawa River.

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Flooding is a common feature on lower alluvial plains due to their structure in landform as flood plains. Careful analysis on repeated floods and cautious classification in geomorphology enable foretelling of potential flooding zone with improved accuracy. For identifying vulnerable zones against floods in the Shonai river basin, we draw a geomorphologic land classification map utilizing aerial photographs taken in 1974 and topographical maps published by GSI. Also, with a purpose of improving accuracy in the classifications of micro landforms, we conducted several field investigations to survey field surfaces. We evaluated flood risks on land use and land cover changes occurred in the last 40 years, comparing them with flooding area and long inundation zone on each fluvial landforms in the study area,. The lower river basin is mainly composed of natural levee, back marsh, valley plain, conspicuous meandering scroll with abandoned channels. Recent settlements onto the lower and middle basin are continuously marching regardless of flooding and inundation risks. The geomorphologic land classification map we draw shows flood inundated areas, which enables more effective for flood monitoring and mitigation. It can be useful in flood damage evaluation and also assessment the future risk as well. 

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