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Volume 25, Issue 4
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Yasutoyo NAGAI, Saburo FUNAHASHI1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 265-268
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMung bean allantoinase was purified sixty folds by a series of calcium phosphate gel treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and acetone fractionation.
The purified allantoinase hydrolyzed allantoin almost completely to allantoic acid. The reaction had a broad pH optimum between 7.5 and 8.3.
Allantoic acid accumulates during the germination of mung bean, and its concentration was higher in hypocotyl than in leaf or root.View full abstractDownload PDF (496K) -
Kiroyasu WATANABE, Akio IDE, Yoshio OGAWA1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 269-271
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new substance, molecular formula C8H10O2, was isolated from the unripe fruits of Citrullus colocynthis, SCHRAD. Judging from the results of infrared absorption spectra, properties of the derivatives and the oxidative product of methyl derivative, this substance was pressumed to be p-hydroxybenzyl methyl ether and this assumption was proved beyond doubt by its direct comparison with an authentic synthesized sample.View full abstractDownload PDF (455K) -
Part IV. Effects and Requirement of MetalKei YAMANAKA1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 272-280
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSD-Xylose isomerase requires manganese ions for its action, but L-arabinose isomerase hasa less specific on metal requirement. L-Arabinose isomerase is activated by addition of Mn++or Co++, less effectively by addition of Zn++, Ca++, Mg++, Sr++ or Cd++. Moreover, manganeseand potassium ions for D-xylose isomerase, and manganese and cobaltous ions for L-arabinoseisomerase were also shown to have protective effect on respective enzymes against thermal inactivation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1379K) -
Part III. Purification and Properties of RacemiaseHideo KATAGIRI, Tsunetake SUGIMORI, Kazutami IMAI1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 281-289
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRacemiase, an enzyme which catalyzed racemization of lactic acids, was isolated from culture filtrate of Clostridium acetobutylicum by salting-out, and its purification was attained to about twenty-fold by treating with calcium phosphate gel. It was shown that racemiase requires for its full activity cofactors, pyridoxamine phosphate and ferrous ions. These substances were detected in the racemiase preparation. Several other properties of racemiase were also investigated.View full abstractDownload PDF (1403K) -
Part IV. Mechanism of Racemiase ActionHideo KATAGIRI, Kazutami IMAI, Sanehide KOMAKI, Masayo OKUZUMI, Hideo ...1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 290-296
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mechanism of racemization of optically active lactic acid by racemiase of Clostridium acetobutylicum was investigated. Pyruvic acid and enol-lactic acid were excluded from the possible intermediate of racemiase action. Among four radicals of lactic acid, that is methyl, hydrogen, hydroxyl and carboxyl radicals, hydroxyl radical was pointed out to be essential for the enzymatic reaction. Finally, acrylic acid (dehydrated form of lactic acid) was suggested as the intermediate. The role of coenzymic substances, both pyridoxamine phosphate and ferrous ion, was investigated using the non-ellzymatic racemization of lactic acid in the system including optically active lactic acid, pyridoxamine and ferrous sulphate. In this paper, it was proposed that a complex consisting of acrylic acid, pyridoxamine phosphate, ferrous ion and aporacemiase would be intermediary in racemiase reaction of this organism.View full abstractDownload PDF (915K) -
Part V. Further Studies on the Formation of RacemiaseHideo KATAGIRI, Tsunetake SUGIMORI, Kazutami IMAI1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 297-300
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPyridoxine analogues promoted the racemiase formation by Clostridium acetobutylicum. This effect was investigated employing culture media supplemented with these analogues. Pyridine, nicotinic acid and niacinamide, meanwhile, showed intensive inhibition on the formation of this enzyme. In these cases, scarcely any variation was detected in the growth of organism and the composition of fermentation products. In the crotonate-added culture, a considerable amount of latic acid accumulated and the formation of racemiase was accelerated remarkably.View full abstractDownload PDF (537K) -
Part VI. Metablism of Crotoinc AcidHideo KATAGIRI, Tsunetake SUGIMORI1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 300-305
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe molar balance sheet of acetone-butanol fermentation was presented. It was pointed out that crotonic acid, whose derivative (crotonyl-CoA) was presumed to be an intermediate in acetone-butanol fermentation, could be introduced into the fermentation of Clostridium acetobutylicum. By intact cells of this organism, crotonic acid was converted to acetic and butyric acids anaerobically.View full abstractDownload PDF (798K) -
Part VII. Reduction of Crotonic AcidHideo KATAGIRI, Tsunetake SUGIMORI1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 306-313
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMolecular hydrogen was capable of generating the reduced coenzymes by the hydrogenase system of Clostridium acetobutylicum. It was pointed out that crotonic acid was activated and reduced quantitatively to butyric acid by intact cells and cell-free preparation of this organism in the presence of acetyl phosphate, 2, 3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL) and hydrogengas.View full abstractDownload PDF (1202K) -
Part VIII. Influence of the Addition of some Preservatives or AntibioticsWataru WATANABE1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 313-318
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPossibility of enhancement in the lethal effect of gamma-ray by the aid of various substances was investigated. This report deals with the survival-ratios of four strains of bacteria in the nutrient or the non-nutritious pure agar medium, to which various kinds of preservatives or antibiotics were added.View full abstractDownload PDF (707K) -
Part I. The Components of Unsaponifiable Matter of the Algae ScenedesmusIhei IWATA, Hisao NAKATA, Masao MIZUSHIMA, Yosito SAKURAI1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 319-325
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA fresh cake of Scenedesmus cells was extracted with hot acetone, and the extracts were saponified. The yield of the unsaponifiable matter was 4.5% of the dry matter. Hydrocarbons and alcohols were extracted with petroleum ether from this unsaponifiable matter. The petroleum ether extracts were fractionated by the vacuum distillation. Each of the fractions was further separated by column chromatography or/and by the solubility difference of the urea adducts. Phytol was the major component of the unsaponifiable matter. Small amounts of n-hexadecane, n-hexacosene and n-eicosanol were isolated. On the other hand, the residue of the petroleum ether extraction was extracted with ether to separate sterols, of which the major component was found to be chondrillasterol.View full abstractDownload PDF (852K) -
The Determination of Alcohols with Gas ChromatographyKiyoshi YOSHIZAWA, Toshiro FURUKAWA, Makoto TADENUMA, Masakazu YAMADA1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 326-332
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have found that some straight-chained α-amino acids are converted by yeast to the alcohols with correspondingly longer carbon chains in the alcoholic fermentation contrary to F. Ehrlich's scheme, i. e., isobutyl alcohol from alanine and active amyl alcohol from α-amino-n-butyric acid or threonine.
In this report, we confirmed this fact in the alcoholic fermentation of many aliphatic amino acids by 2 yeast strains using gas chromatography. Moreover, n-propyl alcohol was proved to come from α-amino-n-butyric acid or threonine. Small quantities of n-propyl, isobutyl, active amyl and isoamyl alcohols were found in all the fermented solutions. There was some difference in the composition of higher alcohols of the alcoholic solutions fermented by different yeasts.View full abstractDownload PDF (906K) -
Part III. Molecular Complexes of 5-Hydroxytetracycline Acid Salts and the Separtation of Tetracycline, 5-Hydroxytetracycline and 7-Chlorotetracycline by Complex FormationShigeharu INOUE, Hiroshi OGAWA1961 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 333-339
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe different behavior of 5-hydroxytetracycline from tetracycline on the complex formation in spite of the similarity of both complexes in X-ray diffraction patterns, and the difficulty of complex formation of 7-chlorotetracycline, are suggestive of the hindrance effect of 5-hydroxy or 7-chloro group for the formation of complex lattice. Applying the above properties, tetracycline is separated from 5-hydroxytetracycline as the sulfate-succinimide complex, and tetracycline and 5-hydroxytetracycline are separated from 7-chlorotetracycline as their oxalic acid, sulfate-oxalic acid, sulfate-hydantoin and sulfate-succinimide complexes. 7-Chlorotetracycline is recovered as the hydrogenmaleate or the hydrochloride from the mother liquor.View full abstractDownload PDF (888K)
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