Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
Online ISSN : 1881-1280
Print ISSN : 0002-1369
ISSN-L : 0002-1369
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Volume 25, Issue 1
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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  • On the Inducers of α-Amylase Formation inAspergillus oryzae
    Kenzo TOMOMURA, Hideo SUZUKI, Norio NAKAMURA, Kenichi KURAYA, Osamu TA ...
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.1
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    In a previous paper it has been described that α-amylase formation in Aspergillus oryzae is stimulated by soluble starch, glycogen and maltose, whereas it is inhibited by glucose, which is added into a growing medium or a secondary incubation medium as the carbon source. The present paper reports that isomaltose and panose are the most effective inducers among a large number of sugars examined here, and suggests the importance of transglucosidase action demonstrated in view of α-amylase formation. The initial action of inducers in this system is also discussed.
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  • Blätteralkohol (IX)
    Eine einfache Synthese und Konfiguration des Blätteraldehyds
    Akikazu HATANAKA, Minoru OHNO
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 7-9
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.7
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    Blätteraldehyd wurde durch die einfachste, ergiebigste Synthese dargestellt. Demnach wurde es aufgcklärt, daß die Konfiguration des natürlichen Blätteraldehydstrans-Form ist.
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  • Synthesis of Oligosaccharides by Growing Culture ofLeuconostoc mesenteroides
    Part III. Isolation and Identification of Lactsucrose
    Kiyoshi ASO, Fumio YAMAUCHI
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 10-14
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.10
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    When Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 was grown on a medium containing sucrose and lactose, a trisaccharide named ‘Lactsucrose’(O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fructofuranoside) was produced. This sugar was obtained as a crystalline acetyl derivative and its structure was identified by the methods of paper chromatography, paper ionophoresis, hydrolysis with acid or enzymes and periodate oxidation.
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  • Specificity of a Tween-Lipase in Hydrolysis of Olive Oil
    Yukio SATOMURA, Masayuki ONO, Susumu OI, Juichiro FUKUMOTO
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 15-18
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.15
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    A specific lipase for the hydrolysis of Tween present in a Sclerotinia lipase preparation was fractionated by various extraction procedures, ion-change resin treatment and dialysis. The activity of the Tween-lipase on olive oil was significant in increasing the hydrolysis of the olive oil by combination with various other lipases. Also, it seemed to develop with the change in the state of emulsion of the reaction mixture during hydrolysis.
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  • Studies on the Glucanase ofSclerotinia Libertiana
    Part II. Influence of the Glucanase and Lipolytic Enzymes on Fermentation of Sugars by Yeast
    Yukio SATOMURA, Susumu OI, Masayuki ONO
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 19-23
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.19
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    Glucanase-treatment of yeast cells was shown to increase the glucose fermenting activity, and decrease the sucrose and maltose fermenting activity. Also, lipase-and phospholipasetreatment decreased the fermenting activity on these sugars. However, the effects on the disaccharide fermenting activity could be reversed under various growth conditions of the yeast cells.
    From these results, structural factors envolved in the transport of fermentable sugars into yeast cells are discussed.
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  • Respiration and Carbohydrate Metabolisms of Potato Tuber Part II
    Koichiro HONDA, Yoshiaki ODA
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 24-29
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.24
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    When a potato tuber is cut into slices, the activity of dehydrogenase system linked to DPN decreases but the activities of tyrosinase system and G-6-P dehydrogenase increase in the slices. Accompanying the changes of these enzymatic activities, the metabolic pathway in the slices turns from glycolytic path to pentose phosphate path. Tyrosinase oxidizes phenols which are formed from an intermediate of the pentose phosphate path, sedo-heptulose via shikimate as in microorganisms, resulting in increase in the oxygen uptake of the slices. It seems impossible to play a role as a terminal oxidase linked to diphosphopyridine nucleotide.
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  • Quantitative Estimation of Ipomeamarone by Chromatostrip Technique
    Takashi AKAZAWA, Kojiro WADA
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 30-33
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.30
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    Method of analysing a microquantity of ipomeamarone was established by silica gel chromatostrip technique for its separation and the subsequent colorimetric determination of the 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazone in alkaline condition. Preliminary analysis of ipomeamarone based on this method was carried out for sweet potato roots infected by the black rot during ninety six hours period.
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  • Effect of Vitamin A and Estradiol on the Cystine and Hydroxyproline Content in Skin of Rats
    Tatsuo KOYANAGI, Satoshi ODAGIRI
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 33-36
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.33
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    In the previous paper the authors reported the increase of cystine content by vitamin A in the skin of rats fed vitamin A depleted ration. It is known that both depletion of vitamin A and administration of estrogens in massive dose have the keratinizing action on the epithelium of rats. The present studies were initiated to compare the action of vitamin A with estrogens on the cystine and hydroxyproline content in the skin of rats, and the authors reported the increase of these amino acids by supplementation of this vitamin and hormone.
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  • Studies on the Degradation Mechanisms of Proteins and their Derivatives in the Foods
    Part V. Volatile Sulfur Compounds in the Soybean Meal Hydrolyzates and the Development of Dimethyl Sulfide
    Yataro OBATA, Junya MIZUTANI
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 36-38
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.36
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    The volatile sulfur components produced by boiling soybean meal hydrolyzates (AMINOSAN-EKI) have been identified as dimethyl sulfide and hydrogen sulfide. No mercaptan or disulfides were detected.
    The main precursor of dimethyl sulfide is supposed to be methionine methylsulfonium compound derived from methionine and pectin substances (-COOCH3) during the hydrolysis of soybean meal by hydrochloric acid.
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  • Preparation of Diphosphopyridine Nucleotide from Bakers' Yeast
    Keiji HARASHIMA, Osashi TAKAICHI, Michinori NAKAMURA
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 39-44
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.39
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    A method for the preparatoin of diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPN) from bakers' yeast is described. This method consists of partial purification of crude extract of yeast by charcoal chromatography according to Pontis and coworkers, ionexchange chromatography on Dowex-1 acetate, and precipitation of DPN as the free acid with ethanol. 0.7-1.1g of DPN with a purity of 85-90% was obtained from 5kg of fresh bakers' yeast by this method.
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  • X-Ray Diffractometric Studies on Starches Part VI.
    Crystalline Types of Amylodextrin and Effect of Temperature and Concentration of Mother Liquor on Crystalline Type
    Susumu HIZUKURI
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 45-49
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.45
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    A linear amylodextrin (average degree of polymerization 12.6) from sweetpotato was crystallized at different temperatures and from different concentrations of solution, and the crystalline type of the recrystallized amylodextrin was examined by X-ray diffraction. It was shown that the crystal type was dependent on the crystallization conditions. The conditions required for the formation of A-, C- and B-type crystals were limited by the following functional relations: 2.5T+C>84, 72<2.5T+C<84, and 2.5T+C<72, respectively, where T is the temperature (°C) at which the amylodextrin was crystallized and C is the concentration (%) of the amylodextrin solution. This relation showed that high temperatures and high concentrations of amylodextrin were favorable for A-type crystal formation and low temperatures and concentrations for B-type crystals, and that the type of crystals formed was more affected by temperature than concentration of the solution.
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  • Studies on the Chitinolytic Enzymes of Black-koji Mold Part I.
    Viscometric Determination of Chitinase Activity by Application of Glycol Chitin as a New Substrate
    Akira OTAKARA
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 50-54
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.50
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    It has been found that glycol chitin is a suitable substrate for the viscometric determination of chitinase activity, because the viscosity of its aqueous solution is not affected by the presence of added salt and the changes of pH, differing from chitosan acetate and carboxymethyl chitin used by earlier workers. Using this substrate the viscometric activity is determined, basing on the observation that the time required to halve the viscosity of reaction mixture is inversely proportional to the amount of enzyme used.
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  • Studies on the Chitinolytic Enzymes of Black-koji Mold Part II.
    Purification of Chitinase
    Akira OTAKARA
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 54-60
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.54
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    Purification of chitinase was carried out from wheat-bran culture of black-koji mold, employing fractionation by ammonium sulfate, adsorption on calcium phosphate gel and column chromatography by hydroxylapatite. The enzyme preparation was obtained in a highly purified state and had a powerful property of decreasing the viscosity of glycol chitin solution, being accompanied wtih depolymerization of substrate molecule.
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  • Studies on the Organophosphorus Insecticides Part II.
    Synthesis and Toxicity of Phosphoroates and Phosphorothioates Containing Phenylacrylate or Phenylacrylonitrile Radicals
    Yoshihiko NISHIZAWA
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 61-65
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.61
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    During an investigation of organophosphorus insectiside, the present author found that the reactions of O, O-dialkyl phosphorochloridate or O, O-dialkyl phosphorochloridothioates with sodium salts of β-keto-esters or nitriles give new phosphoroates or phosphorothioates containg Phenylacrylate or phenylacrylonitrile radicals, but do not give phosphonates.
    The reactions of trialkylphosphites with α-halo-or α, α-dihalo-phenyl-β-keto-esters or nitrils also gave phosphoroates. Some phosphoroates prepared by this methods have high insecticidal activity.
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  • Studies on the Organophosphorus Insecticides Part III.
    Synthesis and Toxicity of Phosphoroate and Phosphorothioates Containing Carboethoxy-cycloalkenyl Groups
    Yoshihiko NISHIZAWA
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 66-70
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.66
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    During course of an investigation of organophosphorus insecticides, the present author found that the reactions of O, O-dialkyl phosphorochloridate or phosphorochloridothioate with sodium enolates of cyclic-β-ketoesters give new phosphoroates or phosphorothioates containing carboalcoxy-cyclo-alkenyl groups, but not phosphonates or thiophosphonates.
    The reactions of trialkyl phosphites with α-halo-cyclic-β-ketoesters give also phosphoroates but not phosphonates.
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  • A Colorimetric Method for the Determination of Acetic Acid in Wood Hydrolyzate Containing a Large Amount of Sulfuric Acid
    Yoshio SAKAI, Wasako KUMAGAI
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 71-73
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.71
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    A method for the determination of acetic acid in presence of a large amount of sulfuric acid has been developed. The method consists of the following procedures. The sample is neutralyzed by barium carbonate. Barium sulfate and excess of barium carbonate are filtered off. On addition of sulfuric acid, acetic acid is extracted with n-butanol from the filtrate. By the reaction of acetic and sulfuric acids in butanol layer with aniline and furfural, a red color is produced. The color produced by sulfuric acid is bleached by treating with barium carbonate powder and the absorbancy of the color produced by acetic acid is measured in a photometer. Acetic acid determination by this method is disturbed by some other acids which give soluble barium salts but the acids which give insoluble barium salts do not disturb.
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  • Short Communication The Structure of Muta-aspergillic Acid
    Seiji Nakamura
    1961 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 74-75
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.25.74
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