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Yukiharu SATO, Takashi KOJIMA, Toshiyuki GOTO, Reiko OOMIKAWA, Hiroyuk ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2677-2681
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: April 05, 2006
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In order to explain the close phytotoxic activities of
N-aryl-3, 4, 5, 6-tetrahydrophthalimides and their hydrolyzed products,
N-aryl-3, 4, 5, 6-tetrahydrophthalamic acids, five sets of both types of compounds possessing the same aryl residues were prepared. Their phytotoxic activity against sawa millett (
E. utilis) and green microalga (
S. acutus), and the relationship of interconversion between the imides and amide acids during the bioassay were investigated. In almost all cases, the imides showed stronger activity than the corresponding amide acids. The hydrolysis of the imides and the cyclization of amide acids were observed in respect of the aryl residues. The phytotoxicity caused by the imides and amide acids tested was influenced by this interconversion.
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Yoshiaki SONE, Akira MISAKI, Mitsuo TORII
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2683-2686
Published: 1991
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Comparative immunochemical studies of exocellular glucuronoxylomannans of several species of the genera
Tremella and
Cryptococcus were done with rabbit antisera prepared to two yeast-form strains (T7 and T19) of
Tremella fuciformis Berk. Quantitative precipitin test showed that glucuronoxylomannans of
Cryptococcus were precipitated with the antiserum to
T. fuciformis T7 but not with the antiserum to
T. fuciformis T19. In contrast, glucuronoxylomannans of
Tremella are reactive with antiserum to
T. fuciformis T19. Hapten inhibition tests and structural analyses of glucuronoxylomannans indicated that presence or absence of β-(1→2)-linked D-xylose short chain in glucuronoxylomannan may contribute to the serological difference among species of
Tremella and
Cryptococcus.
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Kenji SUGIMOTO, Michio HIMENO
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2687-2692
Published: 1991
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We rapidly and efficiently isolated the 5'-region of cDNA encoding the N-terminal region of human centromere antigen B (CENP-B) including an ATG methionine codon by polymerase chain reactions (PCR). The unknown 5'-flanking sequence of the cDNA was amplified using an adaptor-sequence ligated to the 5' end as a universal primer sequence. To locate the target fragments, we did an additional PCR with another set of two internal primers using samples of the size-fractionated products as templates, rather than using the conventional hybridization procedure. This approach can further be applied to the analysis of other unknown flanking sequences of cDNA or genomic DNA.
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Masayoshi MINAMI, Leslie S. INDRASITH, Hidetaka HORI
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2693-2700
Published: 1991
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Brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the midgut epithelial cells of silkworm larvae were prepared. ATP hydrolyzing activity (ATPase activity) was associated with the BBMV. ATPase activity without Mg
2+ was not observed at pH 7 but substantial ATP hydrolyzing activity was observed at pH 7 with Mg
2+. The enzyme required Mn
2+, Mg
2+, or Ca
2+ ions. The enzyme also hydrolyzed ITP and GTP but not
p-NPP, ADP, or AMP. KNO
3 and NEM strongly inhibited the ATPase activity. Behaviours of the ATPase against inhibitors suggested that it resembled vacuolar type ATPase.
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Yan MA, Takashi MIZUNO, Hitoshi ITO
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2701-2710
Published: 1991
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Polysaccharides were extracted from a Chinese mushroom, "Huangmo" with hot water (FI), 1% ammonium oxalate solution (FII), and 5% sodium hydroxide (FIII) and 20 more polysaccharides were isolated by ethanol precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and affinity chromatography. Of the six polysaccharides obtained, FI
0, FA-1, FA-2, FII-2, FIII-1-b, and FIII-2-b were selected on the basis of the results of the antitumor activity test (the Sarcoma 180/mice, i.p. method). Six fractions which showed relatively high activities were examined: FI
0, a mixture of galactose-containing heteroglycan and β-D-glucan; FA-1 and -2, β-D-glucan with galactose-containing hetero-glycan and protein; FII-2, β-D-glucan; and FIII-1-b and FIII-2-b, (1→6)-β-D-glucosyl branched (1→3)-β-D-glucan.
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Tadamasa TERAI, Koushi KIYONO, Kunio GOTO
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2711-2715
Published: 1991
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Treatment of grayanotoxin (G) III with pyruvic acid in methanol gave the Δ
1(10)-1, 5-seco-G derivative. Photo-sensitized oxygenation of Δ
1(10)-1, 5-seco-G under UV light irradiation in methanol gave the 1(
S)-perhydroxy- and 1(
S)-hydroxy-1, 5-seco-G derivatives. The IR and NMR data for Δ
1(10)-1(
S)-hydroxy-1, 5-seco-G were identical with those of natural grayanol B described in the literature.
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Hisashi YOSHIOKA, Kyoko SUGIURA, Rika KAWAHARA, Teruyuki FUJITA, Masak ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2717-2723
Published: 1991
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Four catechins, (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epigallocatechin (EG), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECg) and (-)-epigaUocatechin gallate (EGg), extracted from tea were investigated with respect to the formation of radicals and Chemiluminescence during autoxidation. An alkaline solution (0.05 N NaOH) of these catechins indicated ESR absorption accompanying a browning reaction. The spectra of EG and EGg showed a double triplet at the early stage of autoxidation, but the intensity of each decreased rapidly and the shape of the spectra changed with time, suggesting that most of the radicals disappeared and some changed into others. The spectrum of ECg showed a triplet of relatively strong intensity but decreasing slowly. EC exhibited a very weak spectrum due to EG and EGg being present as impurities. From these results, it was concluded that radicals were easily formed on the aromatic ring to which three hydroxyl groups are attached. The Chemiluminescence of EG and EGg was strong and decreased rapidly, but was weak with ECg and negligible with EC. The structures of the radicals are proposed, and the relationship between the radicals and the Chemiluminescence is discussed.
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Michiko WATANABE, Eiko ARAI, Kazuo HONMA, Shinya FUKE
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2725-2731
Published: 1991
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The application of both pressurization and enzymatic treatment to aged rice grains was investigated to improve their cooking properties. Pressurization at 100 MPa was favorable in improving the properties. For treatment of the grains with enzymes, actinase was more effective than cellulase and pectolyase. Neither lipase nor transglutaminase showed any imporving effect. Actinase-treated grains, when cooked, gave the most farvorable result in terms of the stickiness/hardness ratio, brightness, flavor, and texture.
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Hidenori OKAMOTO, Shozo KATO, Masaru OGASAWARA, Makoto KONNAI, Tetsuo ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2733-2736
Published: 1991
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N-(1-Alkenyl)-2-chloroacetamides, which bear an aryl substituent at the 1-position of the alkenyl moiety, were synthesized and their herbicidal activities were tested. Some of them were active against paddy field weeds. In particular, a new type of chloroacetamide herbicide, 2-chloro-
N-methyl-
N-(2-methyl-1-phenylpropen-1-yl)acetamide, having no 2, 6-dialkyl substituted phenyl moiety, which has been considered essential for activity, was found to be active against barnyardgrass.
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Hidenori OKAMOTO, Shozo KATO, Tadashi KOBUTANI, Masaru OGASAWARA, Mako ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2737-2743
Published: 1991
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N-(1-Arylethenyl)-2-chloroacetamides were synthesized and their herbicidal activities were tested. Among them, both 2-chloro-
N-(2-methoxyethyl)-
N-(2-methyl-1-phenylpropen-1-yl)acetamide and 2-chloro-
N-(2-ethoxyethyl)-
N-(2-methyl-1-phenylpropen-1-yl)acetamide were found to be highly active against upland weeds.
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Yotaro KONISHI, Kazuko HORIKAWA, Yoko OKU, Junko AZUMAYA, Nobuji NAKAT ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2745-2750
Published: 1991
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Two albumin fractions were extracted from defatted flours of seeds of
Amaranthm hypochondriacus and
A. cmentus. One fraction (Alb-1) was extracted with 0.5M NaCl or water when used as the first solvent. Another fraction (Alb-2) was extracted with water after removing Alb-1 and globulin. Apparent p
Is of Alb-1 and Alb-2 were 4.5-7.5 and 5-6, respectively. Alb-2 was precipitated by various metal ions (1mM), while Alb-1 was not. Alb-2 contained four major components (
Mr=56, 36, 26, 22 kD), although Alb-1 had no particular major proteins. Pronase treatment of amaranth flour before protein extraction decomposed Alb-1, but not Alb-2, as seen by SDS-PAGE analysis. The findings that Alb-2 was protected from the Pronase treatment and it could not be extracted until Alb-1 and globulin were removed suggests that Alb-2 might be associated with protein bodies [Irving
et al.,
J. Food Sci., 46, 1170 (1981)].
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Shin-ya MORIKAWA, Akio KANATANI, Ryuji KOBAYASHI, Tadashi YOSHIMOTO, D ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2751-2756
Published: 1991
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The neutral protease of
Bacillus subtilis var.
amylosacchariticus (
B. amylosacchariticus) was iodinated with a 25-fold molar excess of iodine at pH 9.4 for 3 min at 0°C, by which treatment the proteolytic activity toward casein was markedly reduced, while the hydrolytic activity toward an N-blocked peptide substrate was rather increased. The modified enzyme was digested with
Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease at pH 8.0 and the amino acid sequences of resultant peptides were compared with those obtained from the native enzyme. One of the peptides was found to have an amino acid sequence of Thr-Ala-Asn-Leu-Ile-Tyr-Glu, which corresponds to residue Nos. 153-159 of the enzyme, where Tyr-158 was identified to be mono-iodotyrosine. The other two peptides were those containing Tyr-21 which was mono- and di-iodinated, respectively. Referring to nitration experiments on the neutral protease and the active site structure of thermolysin, it was concluded that the iodination of Tyr-158 is mainly responsible for the activity changes of
B. amylosacchariticus neutral protease.
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Shigeyoshi KATOHDA, Katsumi TANIGUCHI, Hiroshi SUMI, Sadami NAKAJIMA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2757-2763
Published: 1991
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We examined the change of the composition of the cell wall polysaccharides prepared from cells of the salt-tolerant yeast
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii grown in two media containing 20% NaCl and 0% NaCl. Comparative analysis of their walls showed that the wall obtained from salt-free medium had greater quantities of alkali-insoluble fraction and smaller quantities of mannan than the walls obtained from 20% NaCl medium. The alkali-insoluble fractions from the cell walls obtained from salt-free medium contained a large amount of glucosamine and a smaller amount of linear β-1, 3-glucosidic linkage than the fractions from the cell walls obtained from 20% NaCl medium. Structural analyses showed that the mannans from each cell wall contained an α-1, 6-mannosidic linked backbone to which single mannose and mannobiose units were connected as side chains by α-1, 2-mannosidic linkages. However, when cells were grown in the presence of 20% NaCl, the side chains of the mannans consisting of a mannobiose unit were largely reduced.
These results indicated that the structure of alkali-insoluble glucan and mannan were greatly affected by the presence of NaCl in the final medium.
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Akihiko OKADA, Keisuke WATANABE, Kimitoshi UMEDA, Masakazu MIYAKADO
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2765-2771
Published: 1991
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Two novel insecticidal metabolites, calyculin E (1) and F (2), which had insecticial activity against the German cockroach and mosquito larvae, were isolated from a Japanese marine sponge,
Discodermia sp. By an extensive examination of the NMR spectra, the isolates were elucidated to be stereoisomers of calyculin A (3) and B (4), respectively. The molecular shape of calyculin E in solution was deduced to be in a folded conformation by using NMR parameters such as NOE values and coupling constants in conjunction with NOE-restricted energy minimization and computer-assisted molecular modeling.
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Akiyoshi TANAKA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2773-2776
Published: 1991
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The thermal denaturation of almond β-glucosidase [EC 3.2.1.21] was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The shape of the DSC trace was highly dependent on pH; two peaks were observed between pH 6-8, but only one peak between pH 4-5. All of the DSC curves were resolved into three components according to the model of independent two-state processes, and the thermodynamic parameters for the denaturation were evaluated. The dependence of the shape of DSC curves was accounted for mainly by the rapid changes of denaturation enthalpy and denaturation temperature of the third component in the acidic pH region.
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Kaoru SUGIYAMA, Kimikazu IWAMI, Fumio IBUKI
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2777-2783
Published: 1991
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Rats were fed for 5 weeks with a non-protein diet and either a 20%, 40% or 60% casein diet on alternate days. The growth and functional changes under such feeding conditions were compared with those in rats given free access to a 5%, 10% or 20% casein diet during the period. Two groups with alternation of the non-protein and high-protein (40% or 60% casein) diets, irrespective of the high protein intake as a whole, were almost equal in growth to a control daily receiving the 10% casein diet. The plasma protein, glucose and fat levels in these groups were similar to those in another control daily receiving the 20% casein diet. Although the group with alternation of the non-protein and 20% casein diets was inferior in growth to the above two groups, the plasma parameter levels were similar to those in the control daily receiving the 10% casein diet. A considerable increase in the hepatic levels of glutathione and serine dehydratase activity was observed in the group with alternate-day ingestion of the 60% casein diet. Nevertheless, a comparison of the free amino acid levels in the plasma revealed that alternate-day ingestion of the 40% or 60% casein diet nutritionally approximated to daily ingestion of the 10% casein diet rather than to daily ingestion of the 20% casein diet.
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Yoshiki KONO, Shigeko SEKIDO, Isamu YAMAGUCHI, Hideaki KONDO, Yoshikat ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2785-2791
Published: 1991
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Two novel pyriculol-related compounds, which contain the benzopyran or benzodioxocin skeleton, and epipyriculol were isolated from a solid agar culture of
Pyricularia oryzae, the causal fungus of rice blast disease. They showed phytotoxic activity as well as inhibitory activity toward the spore germination of the fungus itself. Chemical and spectrometric studies showed them to be pyriculol-related compounds,
i.e., compound A (I) was 3-(1', 3'-pentadienyl)-3, 4-dihydro-1
H-2-benzopyran-4, 8-diol, compound B (II) was 4-(1'-hydroxy-2'-butenyl)-1, 4-dihydro-2, 3-benzodioxocin-10-ol, and IIIa was epipyriculol, the (10
S)-isomer of pyriculol. Nonactive epidihydropyriculol (IIIc), the (10
S-isomer of dihydropyriculol, was also identified.
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Kazuki TOEDA, Ryuichiro KURANE
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2793-2799
Published: 1991
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A microbial-flocculant-producing Gram-negative bacterium, strain KT201, was isolated from soil samples and identified as
Alcaligenes cupidus. This strain secreted flocculant in a culture broth having a flocculant production medium which included sucrose. The flocculant (Al-201) was found to aggregate a suspended kaolin solution without cations, although its flocculating ability was significantly enhanced by the addition of bivalent/trivalent cations such as Ca
2+ and Al
3+. Al-201 was purified by precipitation with ethanol and cetylpyridinium chloride, and had a gel filtration chromatography molecular weight of over 2×10
6. The constituent sugars of Al-201 were glucose, galactose, and glucuronic acid (molar ratio, 6.34:5.55:1.0), with this flocculant occurring in 10.3% acetic acid as an acetyl ester group.
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Reiko KAWAI, Teruo KAWADA, Yasutomi KAMEI, Yoshiki MINAMOTO, Etsuro SU ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2801-2806
Published: 1991
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Using a serum-free culture system, we examined the effects of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin on the differentiation, from preadipocytes to adipocytes, of 3T3-L1 cells, and the signal transduction mechanism after the stimulation by IGF-I of adipocyte differentiation. IGF-I and insulin stimulated the adipose conversion of 3T3-L1 cells differently. IGF-I strongly stimulated adipose conversion on coupling with dexamethasone and l-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine, while insulin did not couple with them. The potency of the effect of induction by IGF-I of adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells was considerably higher than that of the effect of insulin. Therefore, it was suggested that IGF-I is important in adipose conversion of 3T3-L1 cells. Inositol-monophosphate, a specific inhibitor of the phosphoinositol-glycan (Pl-glycan) action, suppressed IGF-I induced adipose conversion. Therefore, we think that Pl-glycan released from the plasma membrane may be involved in the IGF-I function in adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells as a second messenger.
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Kohji MURAKAMI, Yutaka ISHIDA, Atsushi MASAKI, Hiroki TATSUMI, Seiji M ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2807-2811
Published: 1991
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The genomic DNA for the alkaline protease (Alp) of the fungus
Aspergillus oryzae was isolated using synthetic oligonucleotides as hydridization probes, and the complete nucleotide sequence was identified. The Alp gene is 1374 nucleotides long and contains three introns, one of which is in the pro region and two in the mature coding region. Sequences related to the TATA box (TATAAAT) and the CAAT box (CCAAAT) were found in the 5'-noncoding region. Primer extension analysis showed that three transcriptional start points are present.
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Hiromi GUNSHIN, Tadashi NOGUCHI, Hiroshi NAITO
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2813-2816
Published: 1991
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To assess the nutritional defects of some trace elements caused by an excess supplementation of calcium, an
in vitro study was undertaken on brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) isolated from the small intestinal mucosa of normal rats. The uptake of
65Zn
2+ tended to be saturable with increasing concentration of Zn
2+, which was decreased by adding an excess concentration of Ila cations or of Mn
2+. The degree of inhibition was inversely proportional to the ionic radius of these divalent cations, except for manganese. All of these inhibition processes proceeded without change in the maximum velocity of Zn
2+ uptake, indicating the intervention by a common carrier for these cations during the course of mucosal uptake.
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Kenji KOGA, Yasushi IWAMOTO, Hiroshi SAKAMOTO, Kohta HATANO, Mutsumi S ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2817-2823
Published: 1991
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β-
N-Acetylhexosaminidase was produced by
Trichodevma harzianum cultivated with chitin as the growth substrate. The enzyme was purified 13.2-fold to homogeneity by ultrafiltration and sequential chromatography on SP-Toyopearl and Sephacryl S-200. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be about 150, 000 by gel filtration. The pH and temperature optima were 4.0-5.5 and 50°C, respectively. The enzyme hydrolyzed
N-acetylchitooligosaccharides at the non-reducing ends to release GlcNAc monomer. The enzyme showed a strict substrate specificity to the sugar chains in complex carbohydrates, hydrolyzing only the linkage of GlcNAcβ1-3Gal, but not hydrolyzing the other linkages such as GalNAcβ1-3Gal and GlcNAcβ1-2Man.
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Hideo NAKASHITA, Akira SHIMAZU, Haruo SETO
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2825-2829
Published: 1991
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Phosphoenolpyruvate phosphomutase (PEPPM) catalyzes the C-P bond forming reaction by intramolecular rearrangement of phosphoenolpyruvate to phosphonopyruvate, and shows stronger activity in catalyzing the reverse reaction than the forward reaction. By exploiting the activity of PEPPM to catalyze the reverse reaction, 81 strains were screened as possible C-P compound producing microorganisms from 230 soil samples. Two of these strains, B-l and L-b, were found to produce C-P compounds by
31P-NMR spectral analysis of their broth filtrates. The activity of PEPPM was detected in the cell extracts of these two strains. The strain B-1 was identified as
Pseudomonas gladioli, and hydroxyethylphosphonic acid (HEP) was isolated from the broth filtrate of this strain as a C-P compound.
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Hiroyuki HASHIMOTO, Masaru GOTO, Chie KATAYAMA, Sumio KITAHATA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2831-2838
Published: 1991
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Pseudomonas fluorescens H-601, isolated from soil, produces α-galactosidase. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity by disc electrophoresis after column chromatographies on Butyl-Toyopearl 650M, DEAE-Toyopearl 650M, and Toyopearl HW-55F. The enzyme had a molecular weight of 390, 000 by gel filtration with Toyopearl HW-55F and 86, 000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and an isoelectric point of 6.3. The enzyme was most active at pH 6.0-7.0 and at 45°C and stable up to 40°C at pH 6.5 for 15min of incubation. The enzyme hydrolyzed PNP α-galactoside, ONP α-galactoside, melibiose, raffinose, and stachyose at the relative velocities of 100, 59, 28, 13, and 12. The enzyme had strong transfer activity and wide acceptor specificity.
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Kwang Hee HONG, Won Hee JANG, Kang Duk CHOI, Ook Joon YOO
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2839-2845
Published: 1991
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The
Pseudomonas fluorescens gene (estB) that encodes a novel esterase (esterase II) was cloned into
Escherichia coli JM83. DNA sequencing found a single open reading frame of 654 nucleotides. The open reading frame was confirmed by N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of the esterase protein. A potential Shine-Dalgarno sequence is followed by the coding sequence of the estB gene. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence contains the consensus active site sequence, G-X-S-X-G, of serine esterases. The enzyme expressed in an
E. coli clone was purified by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Homogeneity of the purified enzyme was confirmed using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The native enzyme exists as a dimer consisting of two identical subunits, each with a molecular weight of 23, 000. The results of the experiments for identifying substrate specificity and the inhibitor studies suggest that this enzyme is a carboxylesterase (EC 3.1.1.1) and a serine residue is present at the active site of the esterase, as in the esterases of animal tissues.
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Shinji IIJIMA, Mitsuyoshi ISHIDA, Sadayo NAKAJIMA-IIJIMA, Tadashi HISH ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2847-2853
Published: 1991
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Human endothelial cells isolated from an umbilical cord vein were transfected with origin-defective simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA. Among several of the SV40 transfected clones isolated, cell lines SV-2 and SV-3 showed a normal endothelial cell morphology and extended life span, and could survive almost 100 generations. Just before crisis, the morphology of SV-3 changed. SV-3T cell line was isolated from this SV-3 culture, which acquired an almost infinite life span, rapid growth rate and the ability to grow in soft agar. At the same time, the SV-3T cell line lost the factor VIH-related antigen and normal endothelial cell morphology, and showed an abnormal chromosome number. Further characterization showed the ability of SV-2 and SV-3T to produce increasing amounts of tissue plasminogen activator and a similar level of a plasminogen activator inhibitor compared with normal human endothelial cells. These results indicate that the SV-3T cell line was transformed and acquired an infinite life span while still retaining a part of the differentiated endothelial cell characteristics.
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Sachiko ESAKI, Toshinao GODA, Sachiko TAKASE, Naoko SUGIYAMA, Shintaro ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2855-2860
Published: 1991
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To investigate the inhibitory potency of phloretin 2'-
O-β-L-glycodides, phloretin 2'-
O-(6-deoxy-β-L-galactoside) (1), -2'-
O-(6-deoxy-β-L-galactoside) (2) and -2'-
O-β-L-glucoside (3) were synthesized. The appropriate phloracetophenone 4'-
O-β-L-glycosides were coupled with
p-hydroxybenzaldehyde in aq. alkali to yield the respective chalcone glycosides, which were catalytically hydrogenated to give 1-3.
Compounds 1-3 as well as phloretin 2'-
O-(6-deoxy-a-L-mannopyranoside) (glycyphyllin) each exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of 3-
O-methyl-D-glucose-evoked ΔPD (transmural potential difference), using the everted jejunal segment of rats. A kinetic study revealed that the mode of action of 1-3 was non-conpetitive and that their
Ki values were more than 400 times smaller than the
Km value, indicating that they possess strong inhibitory potency toward the Na
+ co-transporter.
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Midori YAMAMURA, Kanji TAKEO, Teijiro KAMIHARA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2861-2864
Published: 1991
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae was able to grow at elevated temperatures (36, 38, and 40°C) in conventional cane molasses medium containing 25% cane molasses (10% as sugar) although growth was depressed with increasing temperature. Upon incubation of these cells in water at 45°C, autolysis occurred without organic solvents such as ethyl acetate and toluene, which were required for appreciable autolysis of cells grown at 30°C. Few cellular materials were released from these cells during cultivation at elevated temperatures. Reflecting this fact, electron microscopic analysis showed no detectable changes in either cell wall or cellular membranes including the plasma membrane in 40°C-grown cells. Such potential activity of autolysis in cells was increased with the increase in cultivation temperature in the above range. However, taking into account growth yield, the autolytic activity per unit volume of culture was much higher in 36°C or 38°C-grown culture than in 40°C-grown culture.
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Satoshi MITSUDA, Ryohei KOMAKI, Hideo HIROHARA, Shigeyasu NABESHIMA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2865-2870
Published: 1991
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Microbial Stereoselective hydrolysis of (±)-
cis,
trans-ethyl chrysanthemate was examined to prepare (+)-
trans-chrysanthemic acid. Through the screening of over 228 strains from culture collections, 31 strains were found to have hydrolytic ability. Stereoselective hydrolysis by
Arthrobacter (
A.)
globiformis IFO-12958 gave the optically pure (+)-
trans-aciA. The composition of cultivation media for production of the hydrolytic activity (the responsible esterase) was optimized. The optimum pH and temperature for hydrolysis of ethyl chrysanthemate were pH 10 and 55°C, respectively. Cells of
A. globiformis IFO-12958 were treated with a chemical mutagen and the advantageous mutant SC-6-98-28, the hydrolytic activity of which was enhanced 2.5-fold, was isolated.
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Hidetoshi MORITA, Taku MIYAMOTO, Kei KATAOKA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2871-2873
Published: 1991
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Kyoji YAMAGUCHI, Masatsugu UEDA, Gosei KAWANISHI, Shigezo UDAKA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2875-2876
Published: 1991
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Shuichi YANAGISAWA, Yasuo MORI, Takao KAWAMURA, Katsura Izui
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2877-2879
Published: 1991
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Hirohide TOYAMA, Katsuyuki TANIZAWA, Mamoru WAKAYAMA, Qiu-Lin LEE, Toh ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2881-2882
Published: 1991
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Hiroshi SHINMOTO, Shun'ichi DOSAKO, Hirofumi TACHIBANA, Sanetaka SHIRA ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2883-2885
Published: 1991
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Naohiro MARUYAMA, Hideo ETOH, Kanzo SAKATA, Kazuo INA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2887-2889
Published: 1991
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Kazuhiko ISHIKAWA, Hiroshi NAKATANI
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2891-2892
Published: 1991
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Terumichi AOKI, Kinji UCHIDA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2893-2894
Published: 1991
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Satoshi MOCHIZUKI, Akira YOSHIDA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2895-2896
Published: 1991
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Ryutaro UTSUMI, Steven A. FORST, Manjiro NODA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2897-2898
Published: 1991
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Hidenobu SUMITANI, Sachiko SUEKANE, Yasue SAKAI, Kiyoaki TATSUKA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2899-2900
Published: 1991
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Masayuki SUDOH, Hisao SHIMADA, Mikio ARISAWA, Keiji YANO, Masamichi TA ...
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2901-2903
Published: 1991
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Noriki MATSUO, Shigeki YOSHIDA, Isao KUSAKABE, Kazuo MURAKAMI
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2905-2907
Published: 1991
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Shigefumi KUWAHARA, Akira NEMOTO, Akira HIRAMATSU
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2909-2911
Published: 1991
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Hideo NAKASHITA, Haruo SETO
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2913-2915
Published: 1991
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Shinya NOMOTO, Susumu SHIRAISHI, Akira SHIMOYAMA
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2917-2918
Published: 1991
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Tadao KONDO, Kumi YOSHIDA, Mitsuo YOSHIKANE, Toshio GOTO
1991 Volume 55 Issue 11 Pages
2919-2921
Published: 1991
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