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Volume 31, Issue 3
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
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Part II. Syntheses of Certain α-L-Rhamnosyl DisaccharidesShintaro KAMIYA, Sachiko ESAKI, Misao HAMA1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 261-266
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn attempt was made to synthesize certain α-L-rhamnosyl disaccharides. In this publication the following sugars were prepared by employing Helferich or Bredereck reaction; 6-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-D-glucose (rutinose), 6-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-D-galactose (robinobiose), 2-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-D-glucose (neohesperidose), all of which are known as sugar portions of plant glycosides, 6-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-D-mannose and 1-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-D-fructose, both of which have not yet been found in nature.View full abstractDownload PDF (488K) -
Kazuo IWAI, Noboru SUZUKI, Shusaku MIZOGUCHI1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 267-274
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFormyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (E. C. 6. 3. 4. 3) was found in fresh spinach leaves and purified about 60-fold by treatments of ammonium sulfate, protamine sulfate, dialysis, and DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. Some properties of the enzyme were investigated. Optimum pH was found to be 7.5, and optimum temperature was observed to be at 37°C. In the enzyme reaction, FAH4 and formate were required specifically as the substrates, and Mg++ and ATP were essential components. The Michaelis constants for dl-FAH4, formate, ATP and magnesium chloride were 1.7×10-3M, 1.7×10-2M, 4.1×10-4M and 3.3×10-3M, respectively. The primary product formed in the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme was suggested as N10-formyl-FAH4 spectrophotometrically. It was observed that the enzyme also catalyzed the reverse reaction. The possible role of the enzyme in plants was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (547K) -
Isao TOYOSAWA, Uzo NISHIMOTO1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 275-283
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA rapid and systematic method is described for the determination of lipid-choline, free choline and two water-soluble bound cholines in plant tissues. These substances are extracted with isopropanol and methanol, avoiding the enzymatic degradation. The extract is fractionated into lipid-choline and water-soluble choline by applying the solvent-par-titioning method of Folch et al. The latter fraction is passed through Amberlite IRC-50 column, and separated into free choline and bound-choline fractions. Two forms of acidlabile choline are determined after hydrolyzing the bound-choline fraction with hydrochloric acid. The method was applied to the determination of various forms of choline in several plants, and lipid-choline and free choline were found to be major components.View full abstractDownload PDF (578K) -
Part II. Purification and Properties of D-Glucose-isomerizing EnzymeGen-ichi DANNO, Sadahiko YOSHIMURA, Masato NATAKE1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 284-292
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSD-Glucose-isomerizing enzyme has been extracted in high yield from D-xylose-grown cells of Bacillus coagulans, strain HN-68, by treating with lysozyme, and purified approximately 60-fold by manganese sulfate treatment, fractionation with ammonium sulfate and chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex column. The purified D-glucose-isomerizing enzyme was homogeneous in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation and was free from D-glucose-6-phosphate isomerase. Optimum pH and temperature for activity were found to be pH 7.0 and 75°C, respectively. The enzyme required specifically Co++ with suitable concentration for maximal activity being 10-3M. In the presence of Co++, enzyme activity was inhibited strongly by Cu++, Zn++, Ni++, Mn++ or Ca++. At reaction equilibrium, the ratio of D-fructose to D-glucose was approximately 1.0. The enzyme catalyzed the isomerization of D-glucose, D-xylose and D-ribose. Apparent Michaelis constants for D-glucose and D-xylose were 9×10-2M and 7.7×10-2M, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1897K) -
Hisateru MITSUDA, Kyoden YASUMOTO, Kazuo MURAKAMI, Takanori KUSANO, Hi ...1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 293-300
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElectron-microscopic examination of rice endosperm revealed the existence of proteinaceous subcellular particles, 1 to 4 μ in diameter and spherical or oval in shape. Isolation of the particles was effected by differential centrifugation in density gradient medium after mechanical or enzymic disintegration of endosperm cells. The isolated particles were predominantly composed of protein, and residual constituents were mainly lipid and carbohydrate. Their shape and behaviors were similar to those found in the endosperm. These facts show that the subcellular particles concerned are “protein bodies”. There seemed to be several kinds of protein bodies different with respect to their protein and lipid contents.View full abstractDownload PDF (2109K) -
Keiichiro MURAMATSU1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 301-308
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn an attempt to develope a rapid and simple method for the colorimetric determination of free ammonia in blood, the conditions for the indophenol reaction, the direct application of it for the determination of blood ammonia, and the interferences of a number of substances for the color development, have been investigated. This color reaction was sensitive enough for the direct method, but must be done under the limiting conditions, for the interfereing substances are contained in blood. Interferences of many amino acids for the color development were observed, but the effects differed among different amino acids, and many of substances other than amino acids showed very little or no intereference. Under the conditions applied, neither the amino acids nor other substances in blood interfered the method.View full abstractDownload PDF (475K) -
Yoshiyuki TAKASAKI1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 309-313
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe equilibrium constant of the isomerization reaction between D-glucose and D-fructose which is catalyzed by a glucose isomerase from Streptomyces sp. was obtained by both methods of chemical analysis and of kinetic study over the temperature range of 25° to 70°C.
It was found that the formation of D-fructose from D-glucose was an endothermic reaction with the heat of the reaction, ΔH, of +2220 cal/mole. The standard free energy change, ΔG, and the standard entropy change, ΔS, associated with the isomeric change were found to be +180 cal/mole and +6.8 cal/deg. mole at 25°C, respectively. The values of these thermodynamic quantities at other temperature are also summarized.View full abstractDownload PDF (286K) -
Part III. 1, 4-Linked Galacto-di- and Trisaccharides from Partial Acid Hydrolysate of the “Hot Water- Extract” Fraction of Soybean Seed PolysaccharidesMakio MORITA, Masakuni OKUHARA, Tadaaki KIKUCHI, Yosito SAKURAI1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 314-318
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPartial acid hydrolysate of the “hot-water-extract” fraction of soybean seed polysac-charides contained a homologous series of galacto-oligasaccharides as a major component group. Two of them were isolated by column chromatography. They gave, on methylation followed by acid hydrolysis, 2, 3, 4, 6-tetra-, and 2, 3, 6-tri-O-methyl D-galactose, and were, therefore, 1, 4-linked galacto-di- and trisaccharides, respectively. They were hydrolyzed with human saliva to liberate D-galactose but not with brewer's yeast. The alditols derived from these oligosaccharides showed infrared absorptions at 885 and 895cm-1, respectively. These two results were strong evidences for the presence of β-linkages in the molecules of the oligossacharides. The optical rotation and the melting point of the disaccharide agreed with those of the β-1, 4-linked galactodisaccharide hitherto reported. Thus D-galacto-pyranosyl residues in the arabinogalactan are probably connected mainly by β-1, 4-linkage.View full abstractDownload PDF (396K) -
Part III. The Synthesis of 3-β-D-Ribofuranosyladenine 5'-Phosphate (The Synthesis and the Structure of 3-β-D-Ribofuranosyladenine 5'-Phosphate)Motoji ASAI, Michiko MIYAKI, Bunji SHIMIZU1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 319-323
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA direct synthetic method of adenine nucleotides has been described. Treatment of adenine with 2, 3-di-O-benzoyl-5-diphenylphosphoryl-D-ribofuranosyl bromide in acetonitrile at 40°C, followed by removal of the protecting groups gave AMP and 3-iso-AMP. The structure and configuration in glycosidic center of the latter was established by UV and NMR spectral studies. Furthermore, treatment of 3-iso-AMP with 5'-nucleotidase gave the nucleoside, which is identical with 3-isoadenosine in its physical properties.View full abstractDownload PDF (358K) -
Part II. Separation and Identification of the Phenolic CompoundsTakeshi HASHIZUME, Tohru YAMAGAMI, Yukiko SASAKI1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 324-329
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy gas chromatography the following eight phenolic compounds and benzoic acid were identified from a sample of cane final molasses using both polar and non-polar stationary phases: anisole, phenetole, phenol, m-cresol, salicylic acid, resorcinol, vanillic acid, and syringic acid. The peaks corresponding to p-coumaric acid and vanillin were also found using non-polar phase. The structures of four or five unidentified components were inferred from the relation between retention temperature and functional group number of the phenolic compounds.View full abstractDownload PDF (341K) -
Part XVII. Some Physicochemical Properties and Amino Acid Composition of Alkaline Protease of Bacillus subtilis var. amylosacchariticusDaisuke TSURU, Heizo KIRA, Tekehiko YAMAMOTO, Juichiro FUKUMOTO1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 330-335
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome physicochemical properties and amino acid composition of the alkaline protease of B. amylosacchariticus were determined. The molecular weight and sedimentation coef-ficient were estimated to be 22, 700 and 2.89s, respectively, and the amino terminal amino acid was identified to be alanine. The enzyme contained 15.9% of nitrogen and was composed of 220 residues of amino acid: lys6, his5, arg3, asp20, thr14, ser37, glu12, pro10, glY25, ala27, val20, met3, isoleu12, leu12, tyr9, phe2, try3 and amide ammonia16. The results indicate that protein nature and chemical properties of the alkaline protease presented here are distinct from those of alkaline proteases obtained from the other strains of B. subtilis, such as subtilopeptidase A, B and BPN'View full abstractDownload PDF (1063K) -
Part I. The Isolation and the Insecticidal Activity of CocculolidineKojiro WADA, Katsura MUNAKATA1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 336-339
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCocculolidine isolated from leaves of Cocculus trilobus DC. (Kamiebi in Japanese), the host plant of Japanese fruit-piercing moths, exhibited insecticidal activity to leaf hoppers (Nephotettix bipunctatus cincticepts Uhler) and Azuki-been weevils (Callosobruehus chinensis Linne), however it had no activity to larvae of the fruit-piercing moth, Oraesia excavata Butler (Akaeguriba in Japanese), suggesting an interesting phenomenon of the host-parasite interrelationship.View full abstractDownload PDF (252K) -
Part I. Erythorbic Acid-Producing Strain and Cultural ConditionJuichiro YAGI, Tatsuo YAMASHITA, Kazuo KATO, Yoshimasa TAKAGI, Heiichi ...1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 340-345
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSScreening was carried out for erythorbic acid (EA)-producing strains from about 5, 000 newly isolated fungi and bacteria. Penicillium notatum FY 115 was screened out as most powerful EA producer. Only Penicillium, but no other genera, was obtained as EA producers from our screening program. Monospore selections and mutagenic treatments succeeded to elevate the yield of EA over 40% to glucose supplied. Various cultural conditions were studied, and pH change during fermentation process was proved to be most important for favorable EA production. Over 80% yield could be obtained when washed mycelium was used in dilute glucose solution.View full abstractDownload PDF (371K) -
Part II. Erythorbic Acid Production by Jar FermentorKatsumi SHIMIZU, Keijiro NISHIYAMA, Tsutomu INOUE, Norio TAKANO, Masay ...1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 346-352
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAbundant accumulation of EA by the strain FY 115, Penicillium sp., in fermentation broth was studied, and EA, both free and Na-salt, was obtained as crystal in the yield of about 45% to glucose supplied, in the media of 8% glucose by jar fermentor, in considering the inhibitory effect of some metal ion.
Extraction processes were improved to elevate the yield and was developed the continuous multi-bed extraction system of anion-exchange resin, which resulted in the yield of 90.9% of EA from fermentation broth in sum total.View full abstractDownload PDF (370K) -
Masako MATSUO, Kiyoshi SATO, Seizi KITANI, Yukio SATOMURA1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 353-356
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new sulfur-containing imidazole compound, m.p. 218_??_223°C (decomp.), [a]_??_+7.4° in water), C11H19N3O3S was isolated from sclerotia of Sclerotinia libertiana and named sclerothionine. The chemical structure of sclerothionine was identified with 2-hydroxyethyl-ergothioneine which was synthesized from ethylene chlorhydrine and ergothioneine.View full abstractDownload PDF (257K) -
Part III. Isolation and Physicochemical Properties of Yeast Proteinase A and CTadao HATA, Rikimaru HAYASHI, Etsushiro DOI1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 357-367
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe presence of three types of proteinase A, B and C in the autolysate of baker's yeast was demonstrated by the chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50, and proteinase A and C were isolated and purified by a relatively simple procedure, which was mainly conducted by repeating the chromatography and alcohol fractionation. The final preparation of proteinase C was found to be homogeneous by various physical criteria and crystallized from alcohol solution. On the other hand, although the preparation of proteinase A also showed homogeneous in chromatographic and ultracentrifugal analyses, the result of electrophoresis disclosed the heterogeneity of the preparation. As the results of the chemical and physicochemical analyses, both enzymes showed large contents of carbohydrate, higher molecular weights and acidic isoelectric points, which seemed to be characteristic to the present proteinases. The properties of three types of proteinase from yeast are also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1217K) -
Takeshi YASUMOTO, Yoshiro HASHIMOTO1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 368-372
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSucceeding to asterosaponin A, the second saponin component has been isolated from a starfish (Asterias amurensis) and designated asterosaponin B. It contains a conjugated ketone and one molecule of sulfuric acid as the sodium salt. The sugar moiety consists of two molecules of D-quinovose and one molecule each of D-fucose, D-xylose, and D-galactose, differing from that of asterosaponin A consisting of two molecules each of D-quinovose and D-fucose. On acid hydrolysis both asterosaponins A and B yielded the similar mixture of aglycon components. The two main components isolated were designated asterogenins I and II, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (325K) -
Kazuyuki MAEKAWA, Masanobu KODAMA, Mitsuo KUSHII, Mitsutoshi MITAMURA1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 373-377
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe essential oils contained in the peels of Kabusu, Sudachi, Natsudaidai orange were studied by gas-chromatography. The major essential oil were d-limonene, β-pinene, camphene, 1, 8-cineol, and minor components there were found 23 compounds in Kabusu, 14 in 14 in Natsudaidai, and 11 in Daidai oil.
Iyokan, Daidai and components of each caprylaldehyde. As Sudachi, 9 in Iyokan,View full abstractDownload PDF (269K) -
Michihiro SUGANO1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 378-381
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRates of steroid-C14 excretion in the normal male and laying female chickens were studied following a single intravenous administration of cholesterol-4-C14 in lipoproteins. During six day periods, male chickens excreted about 12% of the dose and the laying hens, 20%. Eighty-five to ninety per cent of the activity excreted was associated with the bile acid fraction. Laying hen excreted more bile acids (about 1.5 times) than that by the male. The amount of fecal cholesterol of the male and the layer was the same, but that of coprostanol was somewhat small in the latter. While the data of non laying female are not available, these differences may have been attributed to the hormal action of estrogen rather than merely to sex difference.View full abstractDownload PDF (295K) -
Humio KURASAWA, Toshiro HAYAKAWA, Shosaku MOTODA1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 382-384
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (219K) -
Ikuzo URITANI, Hideko NOMURA, Tei TERAMURA1967 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 385-388
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (194K)
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