粉体および粉末冶金
Online ISSN : 1880-9014
Print ISSN : 0532-8799
ISSN-L : 0532-8799
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59 巻, 6 号
June
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研究
研究
  • 高空隙率・低圧力損失の金属多孔質焼結体の開発
    伊達 賢治, 向井 孝, 小方 智寿, 石澤 俊崇, 関口 謙一郎
    2012 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 297-306
    発行日: 2012/06/15
    公開日: 2012/09/08
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.297
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
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    We found that the gas of a decomposed binder can be exhausted from a green body smoothly by means of extracting Space holder (SH) by the solvent before heating for debinding in the case that the volume fraction of SH in the green body is over 70 %, where total volume fraction of SH and the metal powder is 100 %. As a result, we could obtain the porous metal with porosity exceeding 90 % by the SH. This porous metal consists of the voids formed by extracting SH and the skeleton with the pores originated from the space among the metal particles. The porosity and the interconnecting frequency and the area between the voids became larger by increasing the volume fraction, the diameter of SH, the frequency and the area of the contact between SHs in the green body. Furthermore, the pore diameter in the skeleton became larger by adding the small SH of several times the diameter of the metal particle. These effects improved the air permeability and lowered the pressure drop.
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  • メタノール中の腐食反応を用いた板状アルミナの作製
    世利 修美, 釜澤 亮
    2012 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 307-310
    発行日: 2012/06/15
    公開日: 2012/09/08
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.307
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
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    Attempts have been made to synthesize flake alumina from corrosion products of aluminum in methanol solution. The aluminum hydroxide of the corrosion product with additives was sintered at about 1473 K. The micron-sized alumina flake has been identified by the XRD analysis and SEM observations. As an example of the corrosion synthesis methods, the process was electrochemically considered in the view of corrosion of aluminum.
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特集：先端材料・デバイスの溶液プロセシング
総報
総説
  • 水溶液反応場におけるセラミック薄膜プロセッシング
    鵜沼 英郎, 松嶋 雄太
    2012 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 313-319
    発行日: 2012/06/15
    公開日: 2012/09/08
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.313
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
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    This article reviews the techniques of the deposition of ceramic thin films from aqueous solutions and the development of the water-based starting solution for the dip-coating deposition of ceramic thin films. As a solid-precipitation reaction proceeds at an appropriate rate in an aqueous solution in contact with a substrate, heterogeneous nucleation takes place followed by crystal growth to form a ceramic thin film. The precipitation reaction is designed depending on the kind of the metal ion comprised in the ceramic film. In the present article, the following advantages unique to the aqueous solution-based thin film deposition are outlined. It is easy to scale-up the film deposition process, and the film thickness is homogeneous throughout the film. The nano-scale microstructure can be imprinted by using surfactant templates which should extend the application of the films. Calcium phosphate thin films deposited with the mediation of an enzyme were found to promote bone formation by in vivo tests. A homogeneous precursor solution of barium titanate was prepared. The solution may be advantageous over conventional alkoxide-based solutions or sol suspensions in terms of long-term stability and precise composition control.
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解説
  • 有機アルコキシシランを用いた柔軟多孔体の開発
    金森 主祥, 早瀬 元, 中西 和樹
    2012 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 320-325
    発行日: 2012/06/15
    公開日: 2012/09/08
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.320
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    Organosiloxane (RnSiO(4-n)/2) gels can be prepared from organoalkoxysilanes using the sol-gel process. In general, however, formation of uniform networks from these precursors is strongly inhibited due to cyclization reactions. In addition, phase separation of hydrophobic condensates from polar solvent leads to inhomogeneous gels in these systems. A careful control of the hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions is therefore required to obtain a monolithic gel with desired properties. We have been trying to control the sol-gel reactions as well as phase separation in these systems to obtain unique porous materials particularly from methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) and dimethyldimethoxysilane (DMDMS). Flexible aerogels and xerogels based on the methylsiloxane networks are discussed.
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研究
  • 超臨界水熱法を経由した高結晶性TiO2(B)ナノファイバーの合成と物性
    谷口 礼承, 加藤 将樹, 廣田 健
    2012 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 326-332
    発行日: 2012/06/15
    公開日: 2012/09/08
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.326
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
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    Single-crystal TiO2(B) nanofibers were synthesized by the hydrothermal treatment in supercritical fluid at c.a. 375∼425°C under 23∼37 MPa using 10 mol·L-1 NaOH aq. followed by ion-exchange of Na to H in dilute HCl aq. and post-heating at 400°C in air. Thus prepared TiO2(B) nanofibers were characterized by XRD analysis, SEM/TEM observations, DTA/TG and BET surface area measurements. Electrical conductivity of the nanofibers and thermal conductivity of the nanofiber-compacts were also evaluated using "Nano-probe" and an Xenon flash measurement systems, respectively. Compared to the conventional TiO2(B) fibers prepared from the normal hydrothermal treatment at c.a.185°C for 8 h, the present TiO2(B) with several microns in length and 300∼400 nm in diameter, revealed higher thermal stability; TiO2(B) phase was stable even after heating at 800°C for 5 h in air, and an extreme high electrical conductivity of 1.2∼1.3 S·m-1 in addition to high thermal conductivity; the former and the latter were higher 1011 and 1.5 times than those of anatase TiO2 and normal TiO2(B).
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  • 錯体粉末の熱分解による酸化タングステンナノ粒子の作製
    山下 洋子, 原田 智洋, 牧野 晃久
    2012 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 333-336
    発行日: 2012/06/15
    公開日: 2012/09/08
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.333
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
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    In recent years tungsten oxide (WO3) has been attracting attention as a visible light response type photocatalyst. The particle size of WO3 particles is preferably less than 100 nm in order to improve the catalytic performance and ensure transparency of base material after coating. WO3 nanoparticles have been fabricated by thermal decomposition at 793 K of the tungsten complex powder which was prepared of Ammonium paratungstate, citric acid and ammonia solution. The effect of the chemical composition of the tungsten complexes on particle size was examined.
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  • 超音波噴霧熱分解法によるナノMn-Znフェライト粒子の作製および磁気特性
    富永 翔, 神島 謙二, 柿崎 浩一, 石丸 雄大, 平塚 信之
    2012 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 337-341
    発行日: 2012/06/15
    公開日: 2012/09/08
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.337
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
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    Nano-crystalline Mn-Zn ferrite powders (Mn1-xZnxFe2O4, x=0∼1.0) have been prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. Mn-Zn ferrite samples sintered at 700°C had the single phase of spinel-type for all of the compositions. The lattice constant decreased with increasing Zn content and followed Vegard's law. Curie temperature linearly decreased from that of MnFe2O4 (x=0) with increasing Zn substitution rate. These results indicate that the Mn-Zn ferrite formed solid solution. The Mn-Zn ferrite particles were found to be in nano-size of 20∼30 nm by scanning electron microscopy. And their crystalline diameters were 15∼30 nm, determined by the use of Scherrer equation for X-ray diffraction peak broadening. Mn0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 sample had a magnetization value of 48 emu/g, which was lower than that of bulk sample (80 emu/g). This is possibly caused by the existence of a disordered surface region on the nanoparticles, where the crystallographic and magnetic structures are disordered due to the nearly random distribution of cations and the canted spin arrangement.
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  • Anisotropic Crystal Growth and Microstructure Observation of Single Phase SnO2 Nano-sheet Assemblies
    Yoshitake Masuda, Tatsuki Ohji, Kazumi Kato
    2012 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 342-346
    発行日: 2012/06/15
    公開日: 2012/09/08
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.342
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
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    SnO2 nano-sheet assemblies were prepared in aqueous solutions containing SnF2 at 90°C for 30 min. A transmission electron microscope and a field emission scanning electron microscope observation revealed that they were assembly of nano-sheets of about 50-100 nm in size and 5-10 nm thickness. Electron diffraction patterns from the nano-sheets were assigned to tin dioxide (SnO2) that had tetragonal system and rutile-type crystalline structure. X-ray diffraction pattern of the particles also indicated that they were single phase of tin dioxide (SnO2). SnO2 particles that had unique nano-sheet assembled structure were candidate materials for dye-sensitized solar cells and high sensitive sensors.
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