Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi
Online ISSN : 1883-2083
Print ISSN : 0021-5384
ISSN-L : 0021-5384
Volume 45, Issue 11
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
  • Ancel Keys
    1957 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 1229-1233
    Published: February 10, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • I. ON THE NORMAL CASE AND THE CASE OF INJECTED DYE
    Kanji Ono
    1957 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 1234-1241
    Published: February 10, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. The intrahepatic circulation of the blood in urethan-anesthetized mice in the normal case or the case of injected dye, has been studied by means of the transillumination technique with the long length condensor type apparatus.
    2. In some sinusoids is noticed a pause of circulation and loss of the corpuscles after slowing down for a while; in some sinusoids, the corpuscles remain stagnant in them throughout a period of inactivity, and at the same time, in some sinisoids the corpuscles circulate rapidly. In this case, the blood-flow in sinusoids is variable and such variation, as above mentioned, is not caused by diffinitive rhythms.
    3. In the intrahepatic circulation, irregular pause is observed in some portion of the lobule. No evidence, however, that over 75% of capillary circulation may be stopped in normal circulation; also in intralobular circulation it is recognized no finding that the flow and the pause may be repeated on every lobule alternately.
    4. No regulatory mechanism of the circulation is observed in the beginning or the end of the sinusoids. Narrow portions, however, that seem to be the sphincteric muscle, are noticed in termination of some sinusoids in the lobules, whereas in fact there is no such mechanism as the sphincteric muscle.
    5. On peripheral observation, 3 connecting ways are recognized in tying up the portal twig with the central vein.
    6. No blood-flow of hepatic aretrioles is recognized with above mentioned procedure.
    7. After injection of India ink or Sumi, the Kupffer's cells, as well as the facets of liver cells, are noticed more apparently and the difference is recognized in degree of their phagocytic activity. To find the bile ductule in Glisson's sheath and Disse's space with this technique is not accomplished yet.
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  • THE ELECTROMANOMETRY OF THE BLOOD PRESSURE, PART II
    Hiroshi Ihara
    1957 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 1243-1256
    Published: February 10, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. With Sanborn's electromanometer the systolic, the diastolic and the dynamical mean pressure are estimated in dogs, injecting epinephrine intravenously under the isomytal anesthesia. The changes of the action mode of epinephrine by premedication of CCK-179, DHK and Chlorpromazine etc. are observed with respect to respiration, cardiac rates and especially arterial pressure.
    2. We have differentiate the blood pressure response with inravenous application of epinephrine and neo-synephrine into three phases. The 1st phase appears within 15″ after the injection and is characterized with the elevation of blood pressure accompanying with tachycardia. The 2nd phase appears 25″-40″ thereafter, and is characterized with temporarily the mild elevation or the slight depression, in addition to bradycardia, not seldom complicated with arrhythmia. The 3rd phase is observed within 60″ after the injection and is characterized with the maximal rise of blood pressure which returns to the initial level within 2′-3′ accompanying with tachycardia.
    In the 1st phase the chief causal rôle is assumed to be the cardiotonic reflex, in the 2nd phase to be the pressoreceptoric nerve reflex and in the 3rd phase to be peripheral vascular action. In the 1st and the 3rd phase the elevation of diastolic pressure is more remarkable than that of systolic pressure.
    3. The reversal epinephrine reaction can be induced with the use of the properly selected dosage of adrenolyticum. At that juncture the elevation of B.P. in the 1st phase cannot be suppressed, but bradycardia or arrhythmia in the 2nd phase is able to be ameliorated, while the tachycardia in the 1st and 3rd phase remaines unchanged. The epinephrine-apnea can be inhibited by application of adrenolyticum. The elevation of blood pressure brought on with neo-synephrine is suppressed by the application of adrenolyticum, but there cannot be observed the reversal reaction.
    4. The main causes of the reversal epinephrine response, that is to say, the depression owing to injection of epinephrine consist in the inhibition of the vascular contraction on the one side, and the preservation of the inhibitory vascular dilatation on the another side. This vascular dilatation depends more dominantly upon the direct vasodilatation in peripheral vascular area brought on with the epinephrine than upon the pressorece-ptoric carotid sinus reflex which is influenced with epinephrine. Thus the essential cause of epinephrine response is assumed to be a change of the state in peripheral nerve endings.
    5. Epinephrine tachycardia is due to the suppression of the vagal tonus; this is one of the inhibitory response of the epinephrine and cannot be blocked with adrenolyticum.
    6. It is mainly owing to the disloading of the heart induced by the inhibition of the elevation of blood pressure that the epinephrine arrhythmia can be ameliorated with the use of adrenolyticum.
    7. The reversal epinephrine response can be found with adequate application of Regitine, Yohimbine and Priscol, while the premedication of CCK-179, DHK and Chlorpromazine disclose no decided reversal reaction. The latter three drugs effect not only peripherally but also, to certain extent, centrally.
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  • Yoshio Nakamura
    1957 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 1257-1270
    Published: February 10, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    With the application of the physical circulatory analysis, it is possible to reveal continuously the hemodynamics of every cardiac circle without psychosomatic interference to patients; in addition, its technique is relative simple and easy. Such points can be appreciated as much as Fick-Cournand (F-C) method, though the principles of two methods are quite different. However, there should be paid some caution to perform Wezler-Boeger's method, among them it has been pointed out by us that the determination of cross-section of aorta in W-B's original method, that is to say, the measurement of Q has some question to be verified, because Prof. Wezler quotes Q from Suter's or Thoma's table established in the case of autopsies.
    We have clinically determined Q by the application of X-ray kymography, and reported the liabity of Q thus estimated under the comparative observation of Q measured in the case of autopsies. Details upon these results were published in the congress of the Japanese Angiocardiological Association held in 1955 and 1956.
    Q in 500 control cases and in 150 patients suffering from essential hypertension were estimated and the correlation between X-ray kymographical findings of heart and the classification according to both Keith-Wagener and Wezler-Boeger were examined Following results were obtained:
    1. Q and age. Comparing with age-curve presented by Suter and by us, our findings are higher in the juvenile and lower in the senile than these of Suter's. This difference may depend upon whether post mortem change in elasticity of vascular wall is to some extent considered or not.
    The standard deviation in health is so large, that it may be more reasonable to estimate if it is possible, individually, than to calculate from the averaged value.
    In juvenile hypertension, Q in all patients exists within normal range.
    In the middle-aged and senile hypertensives, only 23.8% of them show normal value. There can be observed no relationship between K.W.'s classification and Q.
    2. Mean arterial pressure and Q. In health, a certain constant correlation can be found, while in hypertensives such a tendency can not be ascertained. In dogs under anesthesia, intracarotid pressure was determined after infusion of the contrast drugs injected into pulmonary vein, and the comparative observation of i. c. Pr and Q disclosed some constant relationship between them as tbl. 7.
    3. Height, Weight, Girth of chest and Q.
    Q appears to have some relationship with girth of chest, but this tendency becomes more vague regarding weight and height. As to girth of chest there can be seen consi-derable distinct correlation between these values in juvenile hypatension, but no correlation in the middle aged and senile.
    4. Calculated weight, calculated girth of chest and Q.
    There can be observed fairly significant relationship between these three factors, especially, in the cases under 30 years. That is to say, the fluctuation of Q depends not only upon years but also upon mean blood pressure, calculated weight and calculated girth of chest.
    5. With the use of X-kymography, the correlation between calculated values of heart and range of mean blood pressure is studied, with special reference to L, Tr, Br, Fl, Ml: Mr, B-h, r, θ. In the group below 170mmHg there can be found many cases with ± or +, patients with thier blood pressure between 171 and 210mmHg show ±, + and ++ so that the distribution is more equal; above 210mmHg there increase cases + or ++, and seldom those with +++.
    6. 20 cases suffering from juvenile hypertension show the 1st type according to K.W.'s classification, the calculated values are -, ± and +, and there can not be found ++.
    In 28 cases with senile hypertension, there can be found each type of K.W. in which ±, +, ++ are distributed more equally.
    In the middle-age group, there is dominant the K.W.'s 2nd type and + or ++ is found in almost cases.
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  • 1957 Volume 45 Issue 11 Pages 1271-1293
    Published: February 10, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (2548K)
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