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Volume 31 (1968)
- Issue 4 Pages 181-
- Issue 3 Pages 119-
- Issue 2 Pages 69-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 31, Issue 3
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Shin FUJISAWA1968 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 119-130
Published: November 25, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA review on the progress of photography in foreign countries in the year of 1967. Subjects are selected from publications covering the following fields: general view, cameras, lenses and accessories, light sources, silver halide sensitive materials, non silver sensitive materials, color photography, photographic sensitivity, processing, sensitometry, motion picture, scientific photography and graphic arts.View full abstractDownload PDF (2017K) -
Hiroshi HARA, Shoji TOMARU1968 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 131-138
Published: November 25, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper the variation of intensifying ratio of intensifying screens used in high energy X-ray radiography are investigated. This variation was measured for the variation of the thickness of testing objects and the photographing arrangement of them. In these case the variation of image quality of photographs was investigated, as well as that of intensifying ratio.
The effect of scattered radiations produced in a testing object on blacking of films is considerably large. The deterioration of image quality by scattered radiations doesn't always correspond to scattered radiation dose. The intensifying ratio varies with scattered radiation dose and its geographic distribution. Generally it decreases with increasing the thickness of testing objects. In the case of fluorometallic screens this tendency is particularly remarkable.
Therefore, the utility of intensifying screens is mainly in the improvement of image quality, and the effective use of intensifying effect is different according to photographing method, and should be closely in each case.View full abstractDownload PDF (869K) -
On the Co-precipitation of Iridium Ion with Silver HalideHidemaru SAKAI, Shigeji BABA1968 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 139-143
Published: November 25, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPrevious works of this series, it has been shown that the addition of a small amount of hexachloroiridate at the precipitation of silver halide eliminates the high intensity reciprocity law failure of the photographic emulsions.
In this paper, the situation of iridium ion in the photographic emulsions was studied by means of some analytical techniques. The potentiometric titration of potassium hexachloroiridate with silver nitrate indicated that hexachloroiridate reacting with silver nitrate formes the precipitate of silver hexachloroiridite and it has considerable tendency to co-precipitate with silver bromide. According to the determination of iridium contained in silver bromide prepared in the presence of hexachloroiridate, majority of iridium presented is co-precipitated with silver bromide. And the lattice constants of the silver bromide crystals determined by X-ray diffraction are decreased with the increasing of co-precipitated iridium.
It is considered that hexachloriridate added at precipitation of silver halide emulsions formes silver hexachloroiridite and distributes in the silver halide grain in form of solid solution. On this point of view, the mechanism of elimination of high intensity law failure by the iridium salt is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (723K) -
Distribution of Photolytic Silver between Surface and Interior of Silver Chloride GrainsMikio TAMURA, Toshio TANAKA, Katsunari YAMAMOTO, Akira KASHIWAGI1968 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 144-148
Published: November 25, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome investigations on the distribution of photolytic silver in a silver chloride emulsion have been carried out to get informations on the distribution of electron-traps in the photolysis of the emulsion. The site in silver halide grains where photolytic silver separates preferentially has been regarded as the site where there are efficient traps for photoelectrons. In part (I), the distribution of photolytic silver between the surface and the interior of silver chloride grains has been investigated by a bleaching method. In silver-ion excess emulsion silver separates preferentially on the surface at low level of exposure, indicating that the surface electron-trap is more efficient than the internal one. The internal photolytic silver prevails in chloride excess emulsion probably because of rechlorination. Impregnation of the emulsion with sodium nitrite augments not only the surface photolytic silver at high exposure level but also the internal photolytic silver at low exposure level.View full abstractDownload PDF (629K) -
Size and Number of Photolytic Silver ParticlesMikio TAMURA, Toshio TANAKA, Katsunari YAMAMOTO1968 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 149-153
Published: November 25, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn investigation on the size and number of photolytic silver particles in a silver chloride emulsion has been carried out to get some information on the number of electron-traps in the photolysis of the emulsion. The color of fixed emulsion layers and the rate of bleaching of the surface photolytic silver has been used to estimate the size of silver particles. The surface photolytic silver separates in the form of a larger number of smaller particles in silver-ion excess emulsion than in chloride excess one. This suggests that more surface electron-traps are available in the silver-ion excess emulsion.View full abstractDownload PDF (618K) -
Masaaki SUGIURA1968 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 154-162
Published: November 25, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of silver halide content on the absorption of water by photographic emulsion layer consisting of poly (vinyl alchol) (PVA) and silver iodide was studied.
For the measurement of water absorption, two experimental methods were used; one is by the weight difference of the membrane before and after the immersion into water, the other by the sorption experiment of water vapor at various relative humidities. These experiments were performed at 25°C.
The initial part of the reduced absorption vs. square root of time curves obtained from these experiments showed approximately linear plots apparently obeying the Fick's equation.
For calculation of the diffusion coefficients, in view of the consideration that the diffusion process occurs in only amorphous part of the membrane except PVA crystallites and silver iodide particles, the correction for this effect was made.
The initial diffusion coefficient of the PVA-water systems obtained from the absorption experiments in case of the immersion into water increased with increasing silver iodide content. On the other hand, the diffusion coefficients obtained from the sorption experiments of water vapor decreased with increasing silver iodide content.View full abstractDownload PDF (1098K)
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