It is the purpose of this essay to analyze the relation-ship between the development of manufacturing and the formation of domestic market, which played an essential role in the growth of American capitalism, with particular reference to the West. In the older regions of the West, the specialization and division of labor between agriculture and manufacturing created local markets, which, with the transactions among farmers and craftsmen, became the starting point towards the formation of the indispensable domestic market. Many shops, mills and manufactories sprouted in and around the central communities of local market areas, producing the products consisted mainly of tools and the daily necessities, in considerable part at least, for local use. And these communities gave rises to the later industrial cities, such as Pittsburgh, western Pennsylvania, and Cincinnati, Ohio. The composition of manufacturing in these cities indicates that much of it had started as locally oriented manufacturing and gradually expanded to serve a larger market. In the newly settled areas, however, the division of labor and the exchange of local service did not result in the spread of local market and the development of rural manufacturing, because of the influx of manufactured goods from the outside, with the advance of transportation, especially railroads.
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