KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU
Online ISSN : 1881-5685
Print ISSN : 0386-2186
ISSN-L : 0386-2186
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Volume 67, Issue 11
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
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Comprehensive Papers
  • Influence of CaCO3 and Elastomer Incorporation on Impact Properties of PP/Elastomer/CaCO3 Ternary Composites
    Shigeki HIKASA, Kazuya NAGATA, Yoshinobu NAKAMURA
    Article type: Comprehensive Papers
    2010 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 615-625
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1295/koron.67.615
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Influences of elastomer and filler incorporation on impact properties for polypropylene (PP)/elastomer/filler ternary composites were investigated. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles with a diameter in the range from 120 to 1200 nm were used as filler and polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-butene)-block-polystyrene triblock copolymer (SEBS) was used as elastomer. In the PP/SEBS/CaCO3 ternary composite, CaCO3 particles and SEBS particles were dispersed in the PP matrix separately. In the case that the SEBS volume fraction is below 0.12, the impact strength increased gradually with a decrease of the CaCO3 particle size. In the case that the SEBS volume fraction is above 0.17, the addition of CaCO3 particles with a diameter in the range from 120 to 900 nm improved the impact strength. However, the addition of those of 1200 nm never improved the impact strength. The toughening mechanism of the PP/SEBS/CaCO3 composite was found to be the release of the concentrated strain by the void formation around the CaCO3 particles.
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Original Papers
  • Effect of Precursor Solution Concentration at Spincasting on Physical Properties of Polystyrene Ultra-Thin Films
    Seisuke ATA, Rikki HONMA, Kenji ITO, Yoshinori KOBAYASHI, Toshiaki OUG ...
    Article type: Original Papers
    2010 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 626-631
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1295/koron.67.626
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Polystyrene ultra-thin films with a thickness below the diameter of gyration (∼55 nm) were prepared by spincasting of toluene precursor solution; the dependences of their physical properties (density ρ, glass transition temperature Tg, and relaxation time τ) on concentration were examined by means of ellipsometry and X-ray reflectometry. For 22 nm-thickness film, Tg was reduced with decreasing polymer concentration of the precursor below the overlap concentration of polystyrene, whereas ρ at room temperature was increased, in comparison with the bulk state. Evaluating of τ for the un-relaxed film dried at room temperature clearly showed that τ was shortened with decreasing precursor concentration, indicative of an increase of the molecular weight of an entanglement strand. This signifies that the involved local motion of the polymer chain contributes to the reduction of Tg. An important role in the reduction of Tg, specific to ultra-thin films, was found to be played by the interaction between polymer chains in the precursor solution at spincasting.
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  • Crystal Structure Control of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Using Solvent Casting
    Hironori OSHIRO, Tubasa SATO, Masashi YAMAMOTO, Akihiko KONO, Hideo HO ...
    Article type: Original Papers
    2010 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 632-639
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1295/koron.67.632
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) has three crystal structures: forms I, II, and III. Each structure was fabricated by solvent casting using various solvents. In this study, we demonstrated how to fabricate forms I, II, and III using one solvent (hexamethylphosphoric triamide), The results and revealed that the crystal structure of PVDF depended on the evaporation rate of the solvent. Eventually, Form I was formed into when the evaporation rate was slow, Form II was formed when it was fast, and form III was formed at the evaporation rate between form I and II.
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