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Volume 42, Issue 1
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Sadao HIBI, Matsuo MAEDA, Akihiro SHINKAI, Takashi TORII, Kenichi FUJI ...1985 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 1-7
Published: January 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCombined stretch and twist produced by a new apparatus, were loaded on non-plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) bar at 23+1°C under various rates of stretch and twist. Experimental results were analyzed using Gaydon's equation which was introduced for an ideal elasto-plastic body that obeyed to Hooke's law and Reuss's equation with yield point undergoing von-Mises criterion. Interaction curve was drawn in the two dimensional stress space and it showed good agreement with the stress values of yield points obtained from the experiment. The method to draw the interaction curves satisfying the elasto-plastic one was derived. Considering the intersecting points between these curvesand the stress state in stress spaceunder the loading conditions, change in elasto-plastic state occured during the deformation along the stress-strain curves was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1455K) -
Tetsuo NISHIMURA1985 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 9-15
Published: January 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFlow properties of the polymeric system filled with carbon fiber (CF) are studied by using a capillary extrusion rheometer. Viscosity and entrance pressure loss are dependent upon the volumetric loading φ and the fiber length and its distribution Λ of CF. An expression of Barus effect ε= B2-1, where B is defined as die swell ratio, can be successfully represented as a function of apparent shear stress τw′. Although there are differences between plots of ε obtained by the direct method and the indirect one, φ and Λ intensely affected on them. The flow rate of extrudate at a die exit is in inverse proportion to the weight per unit length of the extrudate and decreases as τw′ increases, whereas the increasing φ and Λ reduce the τw′ dependence. The die swell of polymer component in an extrudate is reduced with the increase of φ, and the variation based on Λ is possibly considered as the effect of φ.View full abstractDownload PDF (1711K) -
Masayoshi OKUBO, Seitaro YAMAGUCHI, Tsunetaka MATSUMOTO1985 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 17-22
Published: January 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the depression effect of interaction between different polymers on the heterogeneous structure in particles consisting two kinds of polymers, the morphology of particles (I) which were produced by seeded emulsion copolymerization of styrene and diethylaminoethyl methacrylate in the presence of butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer seed particles was examined in the comparison with polybutyl acrylate (PBA) / polystyrene (PS) composite polymer emulsion particles (II). In an electron microscopic observation, it was observed that II particles had an anomalous shape and the electron densities at different points in the particle were heterogeneous, whereas the I particles had an almost spherical shape and the electron densities were homogeneous. The maximum tensile strength and toughness were much larger in II film than in I. The softening temperature was much higher in II film than I. The dynamic mechanical spectroscopy studies indicated that II film had macro heterogeneous structure consisting of PS rich and PBA rich phases, whereas I film had micro heterogeneous structure.View full abstractDownload PDF (1438K) -
Masayosi OKUBO, Shigeyuki AOTA, Takahiro TAKASE, Yasuhiko IKKAKU, Tsun ...1985 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 23-27
Published: January 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen benzoyl peroxide was coexisted in the toluene solution of poly (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate), the whole of solution became gel in a short time at room temperature. Then the whole gel shrank and a part of toluene separated on the top of gel. The factors to affect this phenomenon were clarified.View full abstractDownload PDF (743K) -
Koichi HANEDA, Fumio SUZUKI, Kenji ONOZATO, Yoichi KUROKAWA1985 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 29-33
Published: January 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHybrid cellulose membrane was formed by impregnating ultrafine particles into cellulose membrane by contacting each side of the membrane with aq. NH3 and Fe (NO3) 3 solutions. The particles layer formed was in proportion to the contact period. This hybrid membrane looked like a brownish homogeneous solid solution. The impregnated particles were directly converted into ferromagnetic Fe2O3 by thermal decomposition of the hybrid membrane. Gas permeabilities were investigated using the freeze-dried hybrid membrane. Selectivity did not appreciably change but permeability did appreciably compared to cellulose membrane without impregnation.View full abstractDownload PDF (841K) -
Yoshiharu FURUKAWA1985 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 35-41
Published: January 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSColloid equivalent (CE) values were measured on homopolymers of 2-methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium methylsulfate (I) and 2-methacryloxyethyldiethylmethyl ammonium iodide (II), and copolymers of I and II with acrylamide (III). The CE values of homopolymers of I and II did not change over various pH and agreed with the calculated values. The CE values of copolymers of I-III and II-III decreased with increasing pH, at pH above 7. Below pH 7, however, the CE values remained constant at values, which were almost identical with the calculated ones. The composition ratios of I or II in copolymers of I-III or II-III were successfully determined by using the colloid titration technique. I-III and II-III were copolymerized in aqueous solutions at pH 5.5 at 50°C for I-III, and at 70°C for II-III system, respectively, by using azobiscyanovaleric acid as an initiator. The reactivity ratios were determined as r1=4.00, r2=0.30 for copolymer I-III and r1=3.06, r2=0.57, for copolymer II-III, respectively. The Q and e values calculated from these reactivity ratios were Q=3.26, e=0.87 for I; Q=2.32, e=0.56 for II.View full abstractDownload PDF (1166K) -
Nobuhide YAHIRO, Kazuo ASAKAWA1985 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 43-48
Published: January 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSN-Acylated poly- (R) -2-ethylethylenimines (API) were synthesized by the reaction of various acyl chlorides with poly- (R) -2-ethylethylenimine (PEEI) and their catalytic effect of the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate, benzyloxycarbonyl- (D or L) -valine p-nitrophenyl ester (Z- (D or L) -ValONp) and benzyloxycarbonyl- (D or L) -phenylalanine p-nitrophenyl ester (Z- (D or L) -PheONp) was determined. The hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl ester derivatives by API followed the Michaelis-Menten mechanism, and the rates were larger than the value for PEEL The selective hydrolyses of the enantiomeric substrates Z-ValONp and Z-PheONp catalyzed by API were faster for L-isomer than D-isomer.View full abstractDownload PDF (941K) -
Yoshio IMAI, Noboru YAMAZAKI1985 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 49-53
Published: January 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCopolymers of styrene and various vinylbenzyltrialkylammonium chloride (CPC) were prepared by the treatment of a copolymer of styrene and chloromethylstyrene with corresponding trialkylamines. Polycondensations of α, α′-dichloro-p-xylene with 2, 2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (BPA) were carried out in THF- or benzene- DMSO/50% aqueous NaOH solution system with CPC at 60°C. When a styrene-vinylbenzyltriethylammonium chloride copolymer (I) was used as a catalyst, inherent viscosity of the resulting polymer reached to 0.74 dlg-1 in benzene-DMSO (3: 1) /50% aqueous solution for 30 min. Catalytic effect of I was also compared with polystyrene and benzyltriethylammonium chloride.View full abstractDownload PDF (836K) -
Keiichiro HOZUMI, Keisuke KITAMURA, Tatsuya KITADE, Mitsuru KURIYAMA, ...1985 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 55-61
Published: January 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStructural interpretation of plasma-polymerized allylamine, the representative example of nitrogen-containing aliphatic monomer often used for preparation of reverse osmosis membrane filter, was carried out. IR, 1H-NMR, high-resolution mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and number-average molecular weight determinations were made. The chemical modification of the polar groups involved in the polymer molecule was also employed. Similarly to the cases of plasma-polymerized pyridine and aniline, various polar functional groups such as amines, nitrile, amides, and nitrogen-containingaromatic ring were found in the plasma-polymerized allylamine. A small number of nitrogen atoms were eliminated during the polymerization process and at the same time some oxygen atoms were introduced by air oxidation after exposure of the polymer to the atmosphere. Relative abundances of these polar groups were rather different from the cases of nitrogen-containing aromatic monomers. The chemical structure was characterized by a nonflexible alicyclic carbon skelton, resulting in a cage-like configuration with fewer aliphatic chains available for free ratation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1286K) -
Sadao HIBI, Matsuo MAED, Akihiro YOKOYAMA, Kenichi FUJITA, Nobuo KURAT ...1985 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 63-72
Published: January 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethod of the calculation on the distribution function of crystalline axes is shown on the basis of affine deformation keeping orthogonal property of the principal axes. Rolled polyethylene film is taken as an example of crystalline polymers having the preffered distribution around the molecular chain axis. Then, the calculated results was compared with pole figures obtained by X-ray diffraction of the rolled polyethylene sample.View full abstractDownload PDF (1831K) -
Shigeru ITUNO, Mitsuru OHZONO, Yoshio IWAI, Yasuhiko ARAI1985 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 73-76
Published: January 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the polymer industry, separation equipment is required to separate unreacted monomers and solvents from polymers. In order to design such equipment, solubilities of gases and vapors in polymers are needed as fundamental data. Therefore, solubilities of twenty-one hydrocarbon gases and vapors for polybutadiene were measured by use of a gas chromatographic technique in the temperature range from 150 to 225°C under atmospheric pressure. On the basis of the thermodynamic relation between solubility and temperature, the heats of solution for these hydrocarbons were obtained. It is very helpful if the solubility can be estimated by a predictive method. The UNIFAC-FV model has been applied to calculate the solubilities of these hydrocarbon gases and vapors in polybutadiene. The solubilities calculated are in good agreement with experimental results.View full abstractDownload PDF (670K)
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