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Volume 37, Issue 7
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Yasuji OHTSUKA, Yoshiaki HIRABAYASHI, Shigeki TAKAYAMA1980 Volume 37 Issue 7 Pages 449-456
Published: July 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMixtures of acrylonitrile (AN) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were graft-copolymerized onto poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in aqueous solution using ceric ammonium nitrate, and the graft-latex membranes were prepared by casting the graft-copolymer latexes in air of 65% relative humidity at 20°C. The compositions of the graft-latex membranes were determined from elemental analysis, and relationships between the composition and mechanical properties in wet state were clarified. PHEMA component affected the water content, mechanical properties and textures of the graft-latex membranes. Many informations were obtained from field emission scanning electron micrographs of the surface and fractured face of the membranes. These membranes had well-ballanced composition of hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, and exhibited good mechanical properties in wet state superior to those of Cuprophane (PT-150).View full abstractDownload PDF (1962K) -
Yoshiro NAKAMURA, Minoru SAITO, Kunio MORI, Kosaku TAMURA1980 Volume 37 Issue 7 Pages 457-462
Published: July 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA mixture of 100 parts poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) (Geon 103 FP), 3 parts magnesia, 2 parts trithiocyanuric acid (TTCA), 1 part stabilizer (RP 101), and 5 parts accelerator, poly (ethylene glycol) with molecular weight of 300, was hot-pressed on a copper plate at 180°C for 20 min to give an adherend with a high peeling strength through the effect of TTCA to couple PVC with the copper surface. By a similar process, a waste soft PVC film used for agricultural greenhouse gave an adherend with a peeling strength of 4.5kgf/cm without the addition of the accelerator. The waste film is degraded by sunlight to yield an activated chloride (allylic chloride), which works as an accelerator. The peeling strength of the adherend increased by the addition of an oil absorptive filler; the peeling strengths of 9.5, 9.7, and 11.4kgf/cm were obtained with carbon black, aluminum silicate, and colloidal silica, respectively. The formulation using magnesia, TTCA, stabilizer (RP 101), and carbon black (Asahi 70H) in the proportion of 3: 2: 1: 10 phr was also useful for binding PVC with brass, aluminum brass, cupro nickel, bronze, and oxidized mild steel.View full abstractDownload PDF (986K) -
Kenji EHARA, Takashi MIURA, Wataru URAHASHI, Hideshi KITAHARA, Hiroyuk ...1980 Volume 37 Issue 7 Pages 463-469
Published: July 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOptically active poly (trans-2-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid) was synthesized from optically active trans-2-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid via its p-nitophenyl ester hydrobromide. The relationship between the optical rotatory properties of the monomer and of the polymer was discussed in connection with their asymmetric structures. The monomer of (1R, 2R) configuration showed a negative molecular rotation [α] D20-95°in dichloroacetic acid, whereas the polymer showed a positive mean residue rotation [m] D20+94-+106°in the same solvent. The molecular model analysis and the optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) of the polymer have suggested that the polymer has an asymmetric secondary structure composed of a right-handed helix with respect to the polymer chain, whereas a left-handed helical conformation exists with respect to the trans-1, 2-disubstituted cyclohexane units. It has also been found that the dimers and trimers show molecular rotations which are consistent with the above assumption of the double helix model.View full abstractDownload PDF (1444K) -
Tsuyoshi KIYOTSUKURI, Khosrow JAMSHIDI1980 Volume 37 Issue 7 Pages 471-475
Published: July 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNylon 66-6I and nylon 610-6I copolymers (I=isophthalic acid) were prepared by melt polycondensation (Random) and by interfacial polycondensation using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or chloroform (CHCl3) as organic solvent. Melting temperature (Tm), glass-transition temperature (Tg) and cold crystallization temperature (Tcc) of the copolymers were measured by a differential thermal analyzer. For nylon 66-6I, Tm decreased in the order of Random>CCl4>CHCl3, while Tg, Tcc and Tcc-Tg increased in the order of Random<CHCl3<CCl4. For nylon 610-61, on the other hand, Tm, Tg, and Tcc differed little between Random and CCl4. It is suggested from the above results that nylon 66-6I copolymers prepared by interfacial polycondensation form a block structure which enhances the rigidity of copolymer chains when aromatic chain content and hydrogen bond concentration are relatively high.View full abstractDownload PDF (850K) -
Shigeru HAYAMA, Makoto TAKEISHI, Shogo NIINO, Toshiaki OKAMURA1980 Volume 37 Issue 7 Pages 477-481
Published: July 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA kinetic parameter (k1/KL, M-1 min-1) was calculated from saturation kinetics on the solvolyses of ester and azolide catalyzed by imidazole-containing polymers. For the neutral substrates, the parameter as well as the 2nd-order catalytic rate constant (kcat) increased with the reduction of ethanol content (hydrophobic interaction) in the solvent, the increasing rate being affected by the flexibility of the polymer chain. For the cationic substrates, a considerablly large effect of hydrophobic interaction was also observed. An obtained large value of k1/KL was attributed to electrostatic interaction between the quaternary amine in substrates and poly [VIm-co-acrylic acid (AA)] catalysts. The maximum k1/KL and kcat for the solvolyses using the copolymer catalysts were obtained at about 50mol% VIm content. This k1/KL- or kcat-composition profile was analogous to the sequence distribution of VIm-AA dyad plotted against VIm content. The results indicate that k1/KL and kcat are enhanced by a cooperative catalysis of the both components.View full abstractDownload PDF (837K) -
Tadashi YAMAGUCHI, Takayuki ONO, Shuichi OHARA1980 Volume 37 Issue 7 Pages 483-490
Published: July 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPolymerization of methyl methacrylate was initiated with bisulfite ion in water medium. The polymerization rate was sensitive to polymerization conditions. Presumably the polymerization is initiated with a bisulfite radical produced by the reaction of bisulfite anion with oxygen in water. The apparent activation energy for the polymerization of methyl methacrylate-sulfurous acid system was determined to be 12 kcal/mol. Furthermore, a small amount of sulfonic acid derivatives of the monomer were formed as by-products in the polymerization. The addition reaction of bisulfite and sulfite anions to methyl methacrylate was also studied. In view of the results, mechanism of the polymerization was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1243K) -
Hajime MURAYAMA, Kohei SANUI, Naoya OGATA, Tadahiko KOBAYASHI, Zentaro ...1980 Volume 37 Issue 7 Pages 491-496
Published: July 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA series of hydrophilic polyamides having various chemical structures was prepared and effects of the absorption of water on their structures as well as electrical properties were investigated. The electrical properties of the amorphous polyamides were little affected by the absorption of water. On the other hand, with increasing water content in the crystalline polyamides, their crystallinity decreased, and both their electrical conductivity and dielectric constants (at the frequency near 1 Hz) increased remarkably. From these results it was found that a mutual relationship between a state of absorbed water in the polyamide samples and their morphology was an important factor in the electrical conductivity of the hydrophilic polyamides. It was not possible to measure the electrical properties of the amorphous polyamides containing more than 4 wt%, of water, because their film samples were deformed by the absorption of water, while the electric resistivity of the crystalline polyamides absorbing 7-8 wt% of water was from 107 to 103 Ωcm. It was found that the hydrophilic polyamides could prevent a surface charge by means of the absorption of water.View full abstractDownload PDF (913K) -
Tsutomu OISHI, Akinobu AOKI, Tadashi KIMURA1980 Volume 37 Issue 7 Pages 497-502
Published: July 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe radical homopolymerizations of eight N- (4-substituted phenyl) isomaleimides (RPhIMI, R=H, CH3, C2H5, Cl, OCH3, Br, COOC2H5, and COCH3) were carried out at 70°C for 100 hours by using azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator in tetrahydrofuran. The conversion was less than 10% and the polymerization degree was somewhere between 2 and 5 in all the cases. The reactivity ratios (r1, r2) in the copolymerization of RPhIMI (M1) with methyl methacrylate (M2) were determined and the Q1- and e1-rvalues were calculated from the values.View full abstractDownload PDF (911K) -
Yoichi KUROKAWA, Namio SHIRAKAWA, Norio YUI1980 Volume 37 Issue 7 Pages 503-505
Published: July 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComplex formation in aqueous system between methyl vinyl ether-maleic acid copolymer (MVEMA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) was followed by measurements of turbidity and conductance. The composition of the complex depended on pH of medium. At pH 4.7, the complexation proceeded in 1: 1 stoichiometry over the range of PEI molecular weight 600 to 1900.View full abstractDownload PDF (365K)
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