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This study aims to clarify how single fathers are isolated in any space from the perspective of gender geography. The textual analysis revealed that single fathers feel uncomfortable and isolated in various living spaces, such as workplaces, homes, communities, schools, and government offices. The interview survey also revealed that single fathers accept the gaze that otherizes them. However, change in working styles, such as remote work, may allow single fathers to reconstruct relationships at home and communities. By reconstructing "masculinity," it may be possible to eliminate the gaze that otherizes men and prevent single fathers from becoming isolated.

Temperature trends in Japanese cities were analyzed using data at 433 stations on the AMeDAS network from April 1979 to March 2023. It was found that urban warming, defined by a temperature increase at urban stations relative to the surrounding non-urban stations, had slowed down in the latter part of the analysis period. The deceleration of urban warming was found in all the three regions of Japan, and not only for stations in densely inhabited areas but also those at weakly urbanized sites where the surrounding population density was 100-300 km^-2.

This study analyzed landslides and vegetation recovery using high-definition geographic information.

This study examines the spatial distribution of knowledge creation and invention in Japan using patent data. It applies a methodology tailored for the Japanese patent database, combining the spatial Gini Index and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to analyze inventive activities at the municipal level. The research uncovers a significant concentration of data in a few municipalities and a consistent spatial distribution of technology domains that align with the locations of industrial activities. The study reveals the spatial concentration of inventions and their technological proximity, utilizing a spatial Gini Index and PCA for assessing technology concentration and colocation, as well as a Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA) for spatial autocorrelation. The findings indicate high levels of concentration and spatial autocorrelation in technology fields, with a notable correlation between urban areas and their industrial activities. The study highlights the importance of accurate inventor location data and underscores the significance of urban areas in patented activities, suggesting that inventive activity concentration often mirrors the geography of industrial locations in Japan.

The purpose of this study is to obtain an overview of animation production companies in regional areas based on a database created by the author.

As a result, we found differences among processes and regions, and pointed out the importance of paying attention to geographical areas outside of agglomerations in economic geography.

The key to achieving the Japanese government's goal of near net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 is to reduce GHG emissions in the transport and residential sectors. A policy measure to achieve the net-zero goal in the transport sector is the MaaS (Mobility as a Service). The present study discussed the potential of MaaS as a policy instrument to achieve the net-zero goal in Japan.

In this study, we systematically organized learning materials related to snow and developed a systematic curriculum for snow education.

As a method, we compared the analysis results of newspaper articles and textbook content to create a structured curriculum.

When creating the educational content structure plan, we were mindful of incorporating multiple events centered around a specific event in one class, and of including a specific event in multiple subjects as much as possible. The curriculum was also designed to be applicable not only in elementary schools but also in the compulsory education curriculum of junior high schools.

Sustaining the provision of public facilities has recently emerged as one of the risks in Japanese society. This research analyses such risks from the concept of "social infrastructure" by focusing on sports/cultural facilities that are run through public-private partnerships. Analysis of PPP trends in newly built civic halls/stadiums in Japan since 2000, and a case study of 4 facilities in Hakodate, Hokkaido, have suggested that the interpretation of the PPP system differs much between facilities and individuals in charge. Risks of the PPP schemes being reduced to formality, and vulnerability to crises were also prominent in regional cities.

Small-scale hydropower in rural area is a highly local-based energy source. In Japan, it was introduced in the Meiji era and lit up people's lives. But after several decades, many facilities were abandoned. 2011's accident at TEPCO's Fukushima Nuclear Power Station and the FIT triggered projects to rediscover these facilities and revitalize them in various regions.This study focuses on small hydropower revitalization projects that can be viewed in the context of local history, and clarifies their significance and challenges by conducting field surveys of three cases and interviewing the project owners and key local people.

We conducted a survey of urban rivers in Mishima City to understand the water environments and the relationships between people and waterfront spaces. Although the Genbe River has some inflow of load substances, the water environments are maintained. This is because the urban rivers in Mishima is greatly influenced by the inflow of spring water. For this reason, there are waterfront spaces that many people visit. However, there are places where it is not possible to approach the water environments to see or touch the water surface, or where it is dangerous to play in the water.

This study is aimed to understand the relationship between topography and vegetation through landslide events. The detail and wide coverage of data was obtained by the recent 3D laser technology. The ground and forest movement resulting from landslides was measured using drone laser technology over the forest, while tree tilting caused by landslides was measured using terrestrial laser technology within the forest. The fine scale change before and after the landslide was captured by the 3D time series data. The tree movement measured in this study was analyzed and utilized to detect potential hidden landslide movements under forest cover.

The 1994 reform of the electoral system in Japan was expected to shift politicians' political attitudes from "individual-oriented" to "party-oriented." However, politicians have begun to ignore their local communities since 1994. This study examined the politicians' "home" from a political geography perspective. The results indicate that there is a variation in the direction of jumping scales based on the parties' affiliation - either The Liberal Democratic Party or The Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan. This variation is dependent on whether the geographical scale used as the initial reference of "home" is at the "local scale or national scale."

　新河岸川流域は、かつて水質悪化が顕著な地域であったが、近年は流域下水道や親水事業で水質が改善しつつある。しかし、狭山丘陵に位置する支流の上流部においては依然水質が改善していない地域も存在している。汚染源の特定について2020年12月より2年間を調査実施した。調査結果に基づき水質を中心とした水環境の特徴を考察する。

Ⅱ　対象地域

　狭山丘陵周辺で水質が悪化している河川を調査対象とした。柳瀬川水系の不老川上流部、六ツ家川上流部、砂川堀流域と目黒川と空堀川中流域の5ヶ所である。

Ⅲ　研究方法

　例月調査として汚染源の特定のため2020年12月より2022年11月まで毎月12地点の調査を実施した。現地では、水温、気温、電気伝導度(EC)、COD、pH及びRpHを計測し採水して研究室にてイオンクロマトグラフを使用し、主要溶存成分の分析を行う。

Ⅳ　結果・考察

　EC空間分布（図1）では、六ツ家川上流の北野一般廃棄物最終処分場放流口(M1)で、流出水のEC平均値は1054μS/cⅿである。2021年3月は459μS/cⅿ、2022年3月は493μS/cⅿであった。また、2021年10月のECは1569μS/cⅿ、2022年10月は1390μS/cⅿであった。この地点の3月と10月を比較するとECは約1/3となり冬季に低い数値となっている。黒目川の降馬橋 (R1)のEC平均値は249μS/cⅿと低い数値である。ここから100ｍ下流の清涼飲料水工場排水放流口(KR2)のEC平均値は1926μS/cⅿであり非常に高い数値を示している。最小値は2022年4月が961μS/cⅿであり最大値は2021年6月が2578μS/cⅿであった。下流のよしきり橋(R3)のEC平均値は420μS/cⅿであり工場排水は約1/5に希釈されている。砂川堀では、砂川堀放流口(S2)のEC平均値は2927μS/cⅿ最大値は3999μS/cⅿである。薄茶色の排水が流れ込んでおり工場排水いると思われる。100ｍ下流の東永橋(S3) EC平均値は884μS/cⅿとなり砂川堀の流水により約1/4に希釈されている。pHは、空堀川の乳製品場排水放流口のある東芝中橋(K1)のpH 平均値は8.2であり、下流の浄水橋(K2)では平均値9.1と流域では高い数値を示している。両地点のRpHは8.7から9.0であるためこれは工場排水の性質と考えられる。放流口の採水温は、 2022年8月は30.8℃、2022年11月は24.2℃である。黒目川の清涼飲料水工場排水放流口(KR2)の平均pHは8.3であり2年間を通してあまり変動は見られない。放流口の採水温は、2022年8月は35.1℃、2022年11月は28.9℃と高い数値を示している。年間を通して高温である。図２の黒目川の清涼飲料水工場排水放流口(KR2)のCODは12.3 でありEC平均は1926μS/cⅿであった。CODが高いのは有機物が多く含まれているものと考えられる。

Ⅴ　おわりに

　砂川堀では放流口(S2)からCOD値36.0の非常に高い排水が流入している。六ツ家川上流では一般廃棄物最終処分場の浸出水がECに影響し、空堀川では中流域でEC,pHが乳製品工場排水の影響で負荷が高まっている。黒目川の中流域でも清涼飲料工場の排水の影響でEC,CODが高い数値を示している。継続調査を行い、主要溶存成分の分析結果を研究に反映させたい。

参 考 文 献

　乙幡正喜・小寺浩二（2023）：狭山丘陵の水環境に関する水文地理学的研究　―河川源流域の汚染源を中心に（6）－　2023年日本地理学会春季学術大会発表要旨集．

Physical geography and political geography of the whole country and 13 provinces of Venezuela in 1830s.