General concepts on evaluation and analysis technology of polymeric materials for material design are presented with many figures and tables including road maps for material evaluation technology up to 2025. Several topics on these technologies for polymer alloys and polymer nano-technology are illustrated with selected examples. One is the development of three dimensional (3D) transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the other is stress-strain curves for a single polymer chain. Future problems on these technologies are also explained relating to polymer mega-technology.

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As a result of the development of recent superconductive technology, a high magnetic field would be able to be easily utilized, and the behavior of diamagnetic material and paramagnetic material in a high magnetic field are actively studied.
Due to anisotropy in magnetic susceptibility of diamagnetic materials such as organic fiber, carbon nanotubes, boron nitride, aluminium oxide and silicon carbide, it is possible to align these materials in a certain direction using a high magnetic field. The anisotropic functional composite material can be prepared, by dispersing diamagnetic filler in the monomer matrix, followed by its alignment in a high magnetic field and polymerization of the matrix. The composite which is excellent in the anisotropy of mechanical, thermal, electrical properties, etc. can be produced, when a functional diamagnetic filler is used.

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Polymer-clay nanocomposites have been actively researched in these decades. We studied exfoliation of clay silicate layers in copolymers. Four types of organophilic clay, as bellow, were prepared and examined; (1) organophilic clay ion-exchanged with alkyl ammonium ions consisted of different alkyl chain lengths, (2) partially ion-exchanged with alkyl ammonium ions, (3) ion-exchanged with organophilic reagents containing two ammonium ions, (4) ionexchanged with alkyl ammonium ions containing hydroxide groups(-OH). The dispersibility of the silicate layers in polymers is dependent on polarity matching between the polymers and the organophilic clay.

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The effect of surface fluorination of carbon black (CB) on the electrical and mechanical properties of CB filled polymer composite was studied in this work. By immersion heat measurement, it was found that the London dispersive component (γ^d) of surface energy significantly decreased with increasing the fluorine content, while the polar component (γ^p) slightly increased. The resistivity measurement of fluorinated CB filled resin composite showed that by increasing the fluorine content, the percolation threshold increased, and transition from insulated state to conductive state was decelerated. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of epiclorohydrin-ethylene oxide-allylglycidyl ether (CHR) filled fluorinated CB composite illustrated that the interfacial interaction parameter (B) and immobilized polymer layer thickness (ΔR) decreased with increasing the fluorine content. The Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars (MWS) relaxation peak accompanied by migration of the charge carriers accumulated at interface between CHR and CB was observed at higher than glass transition temperature (T_g) of CHR. The activation energy (Ea_MWS) of MWS relaxation was decreased with increasing the fluorine content. It was found that B and ΔR estimated from DMA was well agreed with the Ea_MWS estimated from dielectric measurement.

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The various properties of the polymer materials are dependent on three-dimensional structures. Recently, three-dimensional structures are observed by using electron tomography. The electron tomography is the method that reconstructs three-dimensional structures by computerized tomography from the series of inclination images of an ultra thin section.
We observed it about the various polymer materials that have typical higher-order structure.
It became clear that this method is very effective in the evaluation of three-dimensional structures in comparison with conventional electron microscope observation.

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A microscopy that can offer three-dimensional (3D) images of nanometer-scale has been developed. The methodology, called transmission electron microtomography (TEMT), is a combination of the conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and computerized tomography (CT). A series of TEM images of an object taken at different tilting angles ranged from 60° to the other side of 60° with an increment of a couple of degrees is subjected to CT in order to reconstruct 3D images of the object.
TEMT was used to investigate a self-organized nano-scale structure of a block copolymer. Under the conventional TEM, the structure appeared to be too complicated to characterize, while a periodic double-network structure consisting of one of the block constituents was clearly observed by TEMT. A 3D image analysis, i.e. 3D thinning, was used to estimate geometry of the network structure, which revealed that the coordination number at junctions were mainly 3. Combining this experimental result with crystallographic analysis of the network structure undoubtedly demonstrated that it has Ia3d symmetry and hence is based on one of the periodic minimal surfaces, Gyroid. Moreover, it is worth noting that the structures so far unexplored due to the lack of dimensionality, e.g., defects and grain boundary in crystals, will be able to be studied only by TEMT.

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