NIPPON GOMU KYOKAISHI
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Volume 84, Issue 3
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Regular Papers
  • Orientation, Crystallization and Stress Relaxation of Vulcanized Rubbers by Extension
    Masatoshi TOSAKA
    2011 Volume 84 Issue 3 Pages 81-85
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2324/gomu.84.81
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Variations of tensile stress and birefringence at a fixed extension for vulcanized rubber samples were investigated. The spectroscopic measurements gave significant birefringence values even when the samples were turbid. Stretched natural rubber samples with high crystallinity were not broken as long as 1 h in the highly stretched state, though very high degree of chain extension was detected. On the other hand, other samples with low or no crystallinity were broken much earlier, despite the lower degree of chain extension. These results suggested the reinforcement effects of strain-induced crystals, also during the stress-relaxation process.
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Special Issue for General Reviews “Analyses of Soft Materials by Scattering Measurements”
General Reviews
  • Neutron is a Marvelous Probe to See the Living Things as it is Alive.
    –Real Time & in-situ Observation on Living Polymerization–
    Satoshi KOIZUMI
    2011 Volume 84 Issue 3 Pages 87-93
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2324/gomu.84.87
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Small-angle neutron scattering was employed in order to perform a real time & in-situ observation on a polymerization-induced self-assembly process in in-vivo or in-vitro systems ; precise living anionic polymerization of polystyrene-b-polyisoprene, pre-irradiation radical polymerization of polystyrene onto a polytetrafluoroethylene film, and microbial or enzymatic polymerization of cellulose. The aim of these studies is to clarify self-organizations of macromolecular assemblies appeared in open non-equilibrium systems, which are exposed to external energy and mass flows induced by chemical reactions. The open non-equilibrium systems are believed to be important for understanding pattern formations not only in materials processing in industry but also in living things. Small-angle scattering observed for the systems was investigated according to the methods established for condensed matter physics (fractal and computational analyses), bridging with synthetic chemistry and molecular biology.
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  • Light Scattering Method for Analyzing Deformation Behavior of Elastomers
    Hiromu SAITO
    2011 Volume 84 Issue 3 Pages 94-99
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2324/gomu.84.94
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Light scattering method is powerful to clarify the change of superstructure of elastomers during the deformation process. Reversible deformation of the domain and the spherulite in polyurethane elastomers were revealed by the reversible change of the light scattering patterns during the stretching and recovery processes. Hv light scattering appeared at low strain and the intensity increased with strain in cross-linked elastomers before the strain-induced crystallization, suggesting that the local ordering is generated at low strain and the ordering increases with strain before the strain-induced crystallization. The orientation of rubber in the two-phase plastic/rubber polymer blends can be estimated separately by analyzing the Hv light scattering caused by the local ordering before the strain-induced crystallization.
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Technical Note
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