衛生化学

強化食品の考え方

岩尾裕之

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 145-150
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.145

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有機水銀化合物の薄層クロマトグラフィー

滝谷昭司, 石倉俊治, 長尾善光

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 151-153
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.151

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Separative identification of ten kinds of organic mercury compounds with thin-layer chromatography was investigated. The thin layers prepared with purified silica gel containing 20% and 5% of soluble starch gave good results for this purpose by using with benzene and benzene-petr. benzin (5 : 1) as developer respectively. Further, the relationship of Rf values and chemical structures were discussed.

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ブラストサイジンSの化学的定量法

本橋信夫, 中澤泰男, 和久敬蔵, 石井紀子

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 154-156
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.154

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Three different methods have been developed for chemical detemination of Blasticidin S, an anti-phytopathogenic fungal substance. Blasticidin S hydrochloride could be isolated from contaminants by thin-layer chromatography and submitted to determination procedures. Blasticidin S exhibited an intensive absorption at 275 mμ in acidic medium and the calibration curve showed a sufficient linearity for determination. Colorimetry of Blasticidin S was also performed by the color produced with sodium chromotropate and formaldehyde, formed by the oxidative decomposition of the N-methyl group in Blasticidin S with potassium permanganate. On the other hand, Blasticidin S was degraded by heating with hydroxylamine and diazo-coupling reaction of the resulting product with diazosulfanilate was capable of colorimetric determination of Blasticidin S.

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し尿処理汚水のアルブミノイド性窒素測定の意義について

鈴木登, 伊藤守男

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 157-161
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.157

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The significance of albuminoid nitrogen was investigated and the following results were obtained. (1) When the albuminoid nitrogen and the organic nitrogen of the standard substance that represented the nitrogenous compounds in human excrement were measured, the nitrogen of organic form was recovered partly as albuminoid nitrogen but almost all recovered as organic nitrogen. (2) In the case of the waste water only one-third or one-fourth of the nitrogen of organic form was determined as albuminoid nitrogen. Especially in the case of urea only one-tenth of nitrogen could be determined as albuminoid nitrogen. (3) The correlation coefficients between albuminoid nitrogen and other determined values showed that the value of albuminoid nitrogen was significant in the case of the waste water. (4) The albuminoid nitrogen and the organic nitrogen showed the similar correlation respectively with other values in the case of the sewage in septic tank. (5) On standing for 100 days the difference between the albuminoid nitrogen and the organic nitrogen comparatively decreased after five days and then kept the nearly constant value. (6) In conclusion the albuminoid nitrogen can be used to deduce the amount of nitrogen of organic form in place of the organic nitrogen.

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消化液のDextran Sulphateに及ぼす影響について

冨澤摂夫, 近藤洪志

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 161-164
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.161

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The effects of oral administration of polysaccharide sulphate have hitherto seemed to be questionable. Now, it was understood that the effect of dextran sulphate depends on the content of sulfur, so the influences of digestive juice to dextran sulphate of various contents of sulfur and of limited viscosities were examined in order to investigate the effect of oral administration of dextran sulphate. Dextran sulphate was considerably decomposed in artificial gastric juice, showing the inereasing decomposition rate with the decrease of sulfur content, and was also decomposed in hydrochloric acid solution and its rate was slightly less than in gastric juice but exhibited the similan tendency. The inactivation of pepsin by dextran sulphate increased with the sulfur content. Dextran sulphate was also decomposed in artificial intestinal juice and its rate was increased with decrease of sulfur content but was extremely less than in artificial gastric juice.

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抗糸状菌剤に関する研究(I) : 糸状菌胞子発芽時の生理, 生化学的研究

黒田久寅, 熊野明美, 岡本幸子

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 165-168
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.165

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The present work was undertaken to clarify the physiological mechanism of germination of conidio spore of Cochliobolus miyabeanus. With the spore obtained by wet method, rate of germinaton and regression coefficient of germination curve decreased and the synchronism of spore lowered during storage. But, with the spore obtained by dry method, this phenomena could not be recognized even after 12 weeks'storage. Neither α-picolinic acid nor its analogues were found in the spore. This spore showed a great resistance to such respiration poison as potassium cyanide and sodium azide, therefore, under the condition completely inhibiting the oxygen-uptake (concentration of KCN or NaN₃ was 10^-3M/L) or without oxygen the formation of germ tube was observed. Thus, it was supposed that this spore had a metabolic pathway producing energy necessary for germination under an anaerobic condition. The respiration of spore rapidly increased instantly after the beginning of cultivation and the faculty to oxidize external substrate had a tendency to increase after the formation of germ tube.

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抗糸状菌剤に関する研究(II) : 芳香族硫シアン化合物の抗菌機作

黒田久寅, 今田和子, 井上佐枝子

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 169-173
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.169

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It was previously reported that aromatic thiocyano compounds had inhibitory activity to the iron enzyme such as cytochrome oxidase. Present investigations are on the catalase, one of the iron enzyme. Enzymatic activity was estimated from the rate of H₂O₂ decomposition by means of iodine method. The inhibitory activity of these compounds to the purified enzyme was increased by the addition of muscle juice or heat denatured protein solution and the U. V. absorption curve of the enzyme-inhibitor complex corresponded with that in the case of cyanide. From the above experiments, it was presumed that this kinds of compounds became to get a strong enzyme-inhibitory activity by contact with the heat denatured protein solution or muscle juice, to produce a water-soluble material which had the similar activity as CN^- to the hemin radical in catalase molecule.

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抗糸状菌剤に関する研究(III) : 4-チオチアノカルバニリド誘導体の合成ならびに抗菌作用について

黒田久寅, 今田和子, 井上佐枝子

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 173-178
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.173

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The influences of introduction of Cl, NO₂, COOH and SCN radicals to 4-thiocyanocarbanilide on the germination inhibitory activity of conidio spore of Cochlibolus miyabeanus, Alternaria kikuchiana and bacteriostatic action against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia Coli and Bacterium oryzae were investigated. 4'-NO₂ introducing compounds have the germination inhibitory activity and bacteriostatic action to the gram-negative bacteria, while 4'-SCN introducing compounds decrease the above effects. 4'-Cl introducing compound especially has a strong activity to Staphylococcus aureus. Further, 3, 5, 3', 4'and 5'-substituted compounds have 1-500 times stronger activity without exception than those substituting in 2, 6, 2', 6'-position. Both 3, 5, 4'-trichloro-4-thiocyanocarbanilide and 3, 4'-dichloro-4-thiocyanocarbanilide especially exhibit growth inhibitory activity towards Staphylococcus aureus in more than 30 million times dilution.

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解熱鎮痛剤中のアセチルサリチル酸, バルビタール(ピラビタール中のものを含む)の分離定量

湯本芳雄, 橋爪六郎

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 179-183
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.179

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Acetylsalicylic acid and barbital in pharmaceutical preparations were determined by the A.O.A.C. and isopropylamine-cobalt acetate method respectively. The influences of the coexisted substances on the above mentioned chemicals were also examined. Quantitative thin-layer chromatographic analysis of acetylsalicylic acid and barbital was achieved by carrying out on a micro scale with a high degree of precision, simplicity and rapidity. The spots were scraped from the plates and the fractions of acetylsalicylic acid and barbital which were extracted with chloroformmethanol, acetic acid-chloroform and acetone-methanol from the silica gel, were determined by colorimetric and UV absorption method. The routine separation analysis of acetylsalicylic acid and barbital may be performed by this method.

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解熱鎮痛剤中のアミノピリンの非水滴定による定量法

辻章夫, 北條正躬

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 184-187
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.184

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For the determination of aminopyrine, the colorimetric method, oxidative-titration and chelatetitration have been reported, but they were not often applied to the case of mixed pharmaceutical preparations, because of specificity and sensitivity. Present paper reports the determination method of aminopyrine in the mixed preparation by the use of non-aqueous titration. Aminopyrine was isolated from mixed preparation by ether or chloroform extraction and potentiometrically titrated with perchlorate in acetic acid solution. In the case of internal medicine with coexistence of sulpyrine, quantitative determination of aminopyrine, which has hitherto been difficult, could be attained by using solvent of acetic anhydride and acetic acid. Satisfactory results were obtained with the model sample and commercial preparation. Chlorophenylamine maleate, noscapine-HCl, sulpyrine, caffeine, phenacetine and ephedrine did not affect the titration value in ordinary doses.

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室内汚染空気の換気に対する差分法の応用

松本克, 井上正敏, 今井加奈子, 山本淑恵

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 188-191
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.188

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The present investigation was undertaken to apply the finite difference methods to the ventilation of polluted air in rooms. Linear finite difference equation of the first order is U (t+1)=a {U (t)+b}, where U (t) and U (t+1) are the concentrations of carbondioxide in rooms at t and (t+1) hours respectively, and a is a ventilation constant (a〓0), b is the volume of carbon dioxide produced per hour. The general solution above equation is U (t)=Ca^t+U^*, where U^* is equilibrium value, C is the arbitrary constant, and t is time, in case of |a|<1, U (t) converges on U^*. Results of the experiment indicate that a is 0.19 (A-room) and 0.21 (B-room) respectively, and U^* is 0.75 ml/l. The investigation has demonstrated that the finite difference equation for calculation of ventilation is successfully used in place of the equation of exponential function.

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大阪市南部およびその近郊の大気汚染

松本克, 井上正敏, 河原千恵, 今井加奈子

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 191-193
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.191

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To examine the concentration of pollutants in the air of Osaka city and its suburbs simultaneously and systematically the concentrations of sulfur dioxide and dust at some settled points were measured all day long for 20 days. The fuchsin-formalin method for sulfur dioxide and the filter air sampler method for dust were adopted and the following results were obtained. (1) The concentration of sulfur dioxide rapidly decreased at the point far about 2 Km southern from Tennoji. This point did not change with the date and the time. (2) With regard to the concentration of dust such rapidly decreasing point as the case of sulfur dioxide was not observed and the concentration of dust decreased gradually as the distance from the center of the city increased.

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学校環境衛生の基礎的研究(XX) : 学校用計量器の正確度

森下正三, 春日井安太郎, 小瀬洋喜

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 193-194
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.193

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Examination of balances, scales and measures used in primary and middle schools in Ogaki showed that a considerable number of them were incorrect. So an improvement in administration is required.

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糸島高等学校におけるプールの水質検査について

中原耕一郎, 冨田常緑

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 195-196
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.195

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Effects of the attached purifier of swimming pool were investigated. Turbidity, pH, chlorine concentration, consumption of permanganate, the amount of ammoniac, nitrous and nitric nitrogen and number of bacteria were examined and the following results were obtained. Turbidity and the amount of ammoniac, nitrous and nitric nitrogen were lowered by the purifier to some extent The attached purifier showed a remarkable effect on the consumption of permanganate, while pH and chlorine concentration were found not to show any obvious change.

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表面張力理論に基いて解明した衛生試験領域における二, 三の現象

伊木誠太郎

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 197-199
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.197

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The surface tension theory was applied to the bubble occured on an inner side of vessel when a carbonated drink was poured and to the pendent drop attached to the top of the glass tubing. Further, the application of the theory to the inspection of the contamination of glassware and dropper was investigated.

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学校環境衛生の基準(保健体育審議会の答申)について

元山正

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 205-208
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.205

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〔2〕クロルジアゼポキサイド試験法

松川

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 212-213
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.212

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〔3〕催眠薬の予試験

辻本

1964 年 10 巻 3 号 p. 214-218
発行日: 1964/09/30
公開日: 2008/05/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.10.214

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