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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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Article type: Index
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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Article type: Index
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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Article type: Index
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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Tsuguo Fukuda
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
261-262
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Tsuneo Okubo
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
263-275
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Single crystals of giant size in colloidal distribution are observed with the naked eyes, for the first time, for the completely deionized and diluted suspensions. In this review article, shapes, colors and sizes of single crystals are discussed. The largest single crystals are observed in the suspensions at sphere concentrations slightly higher than the critical concentration of melting which results in a liquid-like structure. The size of single crystals decreases very sharply as the sphere concentration increases. Two kinds of single crystals form in the bulk phase of suspension and on the surface of the cell wall via homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation mechanisms, respectively. Crystal structures of face-centered cubic and body-centered cubic lattices appear in the colloidal suspensions. The important role of the electrical double layers are pro-posed under the influence of purely electrostatic repulsive forces in the effective hard-sphere model. Asymmetric colloidal crystals, alloy structures are observed. Phase diagram, structural relaxation time, static and dynamic elastic moduli, and viscosity of the colloidal crystals are reviewed. Furthermore, this article discusses the influence of the external fields such as gravitational, centrifugal, electrical and shearing force fields on colloidal crystals.
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Yuji Imashimizu, Jiro Watanabe
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
276-281
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The shape of solid-liquid interface during the growth of Czochalski copper crystal was investigated by observing the growth striation revealed on the longitudinal section of the pulled crystal. The dependence of the curvature of interface on crystal diameter, crystal rotation rate and pulling rate were searched. Following results were obtained. The shape of solid-liquid interface of copper is convex to the melt. The curvature of interface decreases with an increase of crystal diameter, which could be explained by an approximate equation giving the curvature of solid-liquid interface. On the other hand, the curvature of interface does not almost depend on the crystal rotation rate, which may be attributed to a small Prandtl number of copper melt. The dependence of the curvature on the pulling rate is small too, which is inferred to be caused by a small ratio of the latent heat of fusion to the thermal conductivity for copper.
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Yasunori Okano, Tsuguo Fukuda
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
282-289
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Treatments for the interned radiation effect on oxide single crystal growth are reviewed. Author's recent results for internal radiation effect on CZ growth of RalO_3, TiO_2 and LiTaO_3 single crystals are also introduced.
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Yoshimi Kubo
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
290-296
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Normal-state transport properties of high-T_c cuprate superconductors above T_c have been considered to be very anomalous. The resistivity ρ in the CuO_2 plane increases linearly with temperature for optimally doped samples. The Hall coefficient RH shows peculiar temperature dependence whereas the thermopower only weakly depends on temperature. It has been pointed out that these anomalous properties indicate exotic mechanisms of high-T_c superconductivity. However, recent results demonstrate that the inverse Hall mobility μ^<-1>_H=ρ/R_H obeys a universal T^2-law for various high-T^c systems. This means that ρ and R_H are highly correlated, and thus suggests a new interpretation of the normal state properties of high-T_c cuprates.
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Tomoya Ogawa
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
296-297
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Masanori Kimura, Takao Abe
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
298-300
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Ryuichi Habu
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
300-302
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Jun-ichi Chikawa
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
303-305
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Humihiko Takei
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
306-
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Kiyoshi Shimamura
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
307-309
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Tomoya Ogawa
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
309-
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『Sir Charles Frank, QBE, FRS, An eightieth birthday tribute』, Ed.By R.G.Chambers, J.E.Enderby, A.Keller, A.R. Lang and J. W.Steeds, Adam Hilger, Bristol, Philadelphia and New York, pp.448, 1991
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
310-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
310-311
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
311-
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Yasuto Miyazawa
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
312-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
312-313
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
313-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
313-314
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
515-
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
515-
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
515-
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
516-
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
516-517
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
App2-
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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages
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