In their previous paper (Takashi
et al., 1974) the authors of this paper induced an empirical formula of the frost heave ratio under open system, in which the frost heave ratio is inversely proportional to the effective stress (acting perpendicular to the freezing front) and to the square root of penetration rate of freezing. This formula gives good agreement with the experiment in the wide range of large stress, but the agreement is not good in the range of small stress (σ<1kg/cm
2).
The authors ascribe this behaviour to the increment of effective stress arising from the resistance of water movement drawn to the freezing front from unfrozen region. The results obtained theoretically in this paper has very good agreement with the experiment. Therefore, if only the resistance of water movement in unfrozen soil is zero or very small, the formula is correct in the range of relatively small stress.
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