This paper reports on the development of a javelin using a new process whichsimulates its characteristics before it is manufactured. For ease of design, the javelin was divided into 150 pipe elements, along the longitudinal axis. The construction of the javelin was designed by changing the mass and thickness of each element. Characteristics of moment of inertia, natural frequency, mode shape, and others were simulated. In the model of javelin which was chosen, the characteristics were the same as in ordinary javelins and it was actually manufactured. The characteristics of the developed javelin were estimated before its manufacture. Thus it was demonstrated that a javelin could be developed according to the characteristics planned by the designer. For the future, the need was suggested for estimating the indispensable characteristics for a javelin, with the aim of designing a new type of javelin.

View full abstract

Sports events bring great economic effects. There are a lot of walking events and they attract many participants. Fourteen big walking events are held by the Japan Marching League (JML) in Japan. The purpose of this study was to clarify the expenditure tendencies of walking event participants. We focused attention on the holding place of the events and residence of participants, and selected four walking events held by the JML. We conducted questionnaire investigation and interview investigation with walking event participants. Question items regarding expenditures included transportation, lodging, food, product purchases, souvenir purchase' and optional activities. As a result, it became clear that the expenditures of participants differed according to the event. The participants who live far from the event place pay much more money for not only transportation but also for lodging, food and souvenirs. It is important to attract a lot of participants from both the host city and the ouside to get economic effects from walking events.

View full abstract

The main purpose of this study is to understand the present situation of the Korean Sports industry and to suggest its future task that we to think of. The market related to leisure business in Korea has been getting bigger and bigger gradually 4.4% in 1990, 4.8% in 1993 and 5.5% in 1995. And the annual business amount of leisure business has been increased from 2, 336, 700, 000, 000Won in 1988 to 11, 151, 600, 000, 000Won in 1996. Among the total amount of leisure business, the leisure business related to sports has been considerably increased from 559, 000, 000, 000Won in 1988 to 2, 690, 700, 000, 000Won in 1996. Therefore, in professional sports markets, many of professional teams have been trying to secure sponsor, such as title sponsor or official league sponsor, for themselves. It seems that total sports market business amount will be 800, 000, 000, 000 Won including 300, 000, 000, 000Won of professional baseball, 100, 000, 000, 000Won of professional soccer, 100, 000, 000, 000Won of professional basketball, and the amount of other professional sports, such as, golf, tennis, boxing, etc. It was reported that the annual business amount of sports goods in sports-leisure market, the golf goods was 865, 800, 000, 000Won, sports-leisure goods was 3, 000, 000, 000, 000Won, sports beverages was 300, 000, 000, 000Won and other goods was 721, 400, 000, 000Won. The future task we have to think about from now on are to introduce a sports marketing with low cost but with high effective which can satisfy consumers' various demands and try to increase one' s ability to take quick action for consumers' trend, peoples' life style and fashion change properly.

View full abstract