The purpose of this article is: 1) to clarify and to determine the extent of influence architectural conditions have upon the morale and the environmental distress of the residents of old age homes. 2) To clarify and to determine, the kind and the extent of influence, architectural conditions have upon the residents of old age homes, through a model operational analysis of the relationship between environmental system of old age homes, and the environmental adaptability of the residents. Method I selected 377 residents (Average age 76.3 years old) from eight facilities, (6 Homes for the Aged, 1 Type A & B Homes with Moderate Fee) in Tokyo, for this research. The subjects and the places of research has been the same as it had been in my previous report (Kodama, 1988). I used The Architectural Features Checklist (Kodama, 1986) to evaluate the architectural conditions of these eight facilities. Then obtained the architectural scores on each of the following eight categories: 1) physical amenity, 2) socio-recreational aids, 3) prosthetic aids, 4) informational aids within the building, 5) safety features, 6) architectural individuality, 7) space and equipment, 8) community accessibility. The Architectural Complaints Checklist was used to evaluate the amount of the residents' architectural complaints. Then the architectural complaint scores on the same eight categories listed on the Architectural Features Checklist were obtained. Residents' environmental distress was measured by the Environmental Distress Checklist (ED) and the scores in the following five categories were obtained: aggression, deactivation, depression, nervousness, and loneliness. Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale was used to evaluate the life satisfaction of the residents. Conclusion 1) The effect of architectural scores upon the scores of each ED categories and upon the Morale scores. I classified the architectural scores for each category into five groups, as it has been done in my previous re-port I 1) 0. 0-39. 9, 2) 40. 0-59. 9, 3) 60. 0-79. 9, 4) 80. 0-99. 9, 5) 100. 0. ED Scores and Morale Scores for above five score groups of each category of The Architectural Features Checklist were obtained. The effect, the scores on the eight categories of The Architectural Features Checklist had upon aggression, deactivation, depression, nervousness, loneliness, and morale, were minimal. 2) The influence of architectural complaint scores upon ED and Morale scores. The architectural complaint scores on each category were classified into the following four score groups '. 1) 0. 0, 2) 1. 0-19. 9, 3) 20. 0-39. 9, 4) 40. 0 and above. ED scores and Morale scores for four score groups of each category of the Architectural Complaints were obtained. This research has revealed that many categories on the Architectural Complaints Checklist greatly affect the amount of the residents' aggression, deactivation, depression, nervousness, and loneliness. The scores for these ED categories increase as the architectural complaint scores move up from score group 1 to 4. Morale scores have been mainly affected by physical amenity, space and equipment, architectural individuality, etc., on the six categories of Architectural Complaints. Morale scores decreased as the architectural complains scores on each of these categories increased from score group 1 to 4. We can expect to induce better environmental adaptability by decreasing the architectural complaint scores on each category. It is especially very important that special consideration be given to the improvement of space and equipment, architectural individuality, and prosthetic aids. 3) The influence of personal factors upon ED and Morale scores. The sex, health, physical functional capability to lead a normal daily life, and daily activities, all greatly affected the ED and Morale scores. The scores for aggression, deactivation, depression,

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James Gibbs (1682-1754) seems to have referred to some architectural books of the Italian Renaissance in the process of establishing his proportional system of the orders described in his Rules for Drawing the Several Parts of Architecture (London, 1732). Andrea Palladio was quoted twice in his book and he kept in his library the books by Alberti, Cataneo, Palladio, Scamozzi, Serlio and others, which were later bequeathed to the Radcliffe Trustees in 1754. Moreover, Gibbs already said in the "Introduction" of his earlier work, Book of Architecture (London, 1728), "...these Designs should be done in the best Tast (taste) I could form upon the Instructions of the greatest Masters in Italy". It has so far been pointed out that Palladio's influence was evident in the Rules for Drawing and Gibbs's library played an indispensable role in his architectural practice. But the argument for how much Gibbs depended on Italian architectural books including Palladio seems not to have been discussed thoroughly. Taking it into consideration that Gibbs criticized the modular system which was commonly adopted in the late Renaissance, books such as Vignola's regola delli cinque ordini d'architettura (1562. Gibbs did not have the book, but C. A. Daviler's Cours d'architecture qui comprend les orders de Vignola was included in his possession), Palladio's I quatro libli dell'architettura (1570. Gibbs had an edition of 1601 published in Venice and also an English version of 1715) and Scamozzi's I'idea dell'architettura universale (1615) must have been good guides for his studies of the orders. The present author would like to inquire into the comparisons of Gibbs's orders with those of the above-mentioned architectural books of the Italian Renaissance and also with Perrault's Ordonnance des cinq especes de collones selon la methode des anciens (1683. Gibbs kept an English version of 1708), which was regarded as having an effect on the method of propotioning the order in the Rules for Drawing. This present paper consists of the following three sections '. $1 Proportional comparisons between the principal parts, and the essential parts of the order $2 Compositional and proportional analyses of the essential parts $3 Comparisons of the profiles of Palladio, Vignola and Gibbs. The result of the comparison of the heights of the column (Table 1) shows that Gibbs's system completely coincides with that of Vignola's. The progression of the column heights is not necessarily equivalent to that of Palladio's, but the proportion of the entablature to the column corresponds with that of Palladio's and Scamozzi's. In the proportional comparisons of the essential parts of the entablature (Table 2), Gibbs's ratios often accord with Perrault's, Vignola's or both of them. However, Gibbs's manner of proportioning the pedestal is different from that of the Renaissance sources. Furthermore, each author varies in the proportion of the pedestal to the column, and he adopts his own ratio of one essential part to the others (Table 3), except that Perrault and Gibbs fix the ratio between cap, dado and base regardless of orders. The comparative analyses of components of the essential parts of the order shows that Gibbs coincides with the Renaissance authors in allotting the cornice, capital and base of the column (Table 4, Figs. 1-5, 7). It is probable that Palladio and Vignola also would have been much more referred to than the others. But Gibbs does not imitate them directly for he changes the details of the mouldings, for example, the projection of members like corona and the thickness of fillets. Especially the compositional and proportional relationship of the Ionic and Composite architraves and capitals is characteristic. His Ionic architrave has two fascias, whereas all the

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