Relationship between accumulation rate and grain size is considered by investigation of densely 14-C age determined sedimentary cores consist of the Latest Pleistocene to Holocene succession at Nobi Plain, central Japan.

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In this study, climate projection in the Tokyo metropolis in Augusts in 2030s, 2050s, 2070s are conducted by the WRF model. Furthermore, impact of urban scenario on the future urban warming is estimated. In addition, impact assessment to human health is performed. The climate projection under the IPCC SRES A1b Scenario indicates urban warming of 1K and 2K in the 2030s and 2050s, respectively.

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I compared the quantity of annual shoot growth with the quantity of annual ring growth of the stone pine(Pinus pumila).
As a result, a sample indicating the positive correlation and a sample indicating the negative correlation were found.
Therefore, it is necessary for the growth analysis of the stone pine to consider the redistribution of the production material and location environment.

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I considered the related method of study of the world history and geography using the technique of microfossil analysis. It is important for human beings to restore old environment and to see the situation of the time. It is important for us who live at the present to get to know the past. Present our subject of a time is in sight by looking back upon the past. A future subject may be seeing the present age and may promise us the route to the clear future.

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The purpose of this research is the change of land use of landowers, through the detail of Sekizawa district in Fujimi city.

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The purpose of this presentation is to investigate the current global trend in research and development  in the semiconductor industry , and to have the topics suggested for discussion of regional policy towards the innovation in science-based industries.

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In Chichibu-City, Saitama-P, in order to utilize animation positively and to aim at passenger attraction, the Chichibu anime-tourism executive committee is organized.

The committee utilized "Galaxy Express 999" in 2010,and in2011, it utilized "ANO-HANA".As a result, it succeeded in inviting many tourists.

This report reports the results and subjects of contents tourism including the situation which could be known as a member of committees.

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The purpose of this report is to clarify whether and how the block slopes formed.

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In this study, we focus on giant trees of Japanese hourse chestnut, in Kutsuki region, Shiga prefecture, to discuss the background of suceeding trees on a basis of situation of forest use in mountainous headwater area. We also aim to consider a change of the region after lumbering over 50 giant trees in these years. We found that the trees had once been preserved for its useful nuts although the value has already declined. On the other hand, ecological sense has sprung with the movement that local people and some NPOs together established conservation organization for the trees after lumbering.

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On the Takanegahara Plateau (1700 - 2000m a.s.l.) in the Daisetsuzan Mountains of central Hokkaido, the small hill about 10 m high which is formed from the sediment and the boulders in several meters which are disharmonious in size compared with the peripheral detritus in tens of centimeters are distributed. These landform and sediments are caused by past glaciations; because the origin of them isn’t explained by present agency. It seems that some of them were formed in colder period in Holocene based on the age of tephra in the sediments.

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Reconstruction of high-moor formation process by diatom analysis needs to understand the changes in diatom species associated with the hydrarch succession.
Lateral variation of diatom component from high-moor to low-moor might be corresponded to the changes of diatoms associated with the hydrarch succession.
In Bekanbeushi wetlands in the Akkeshi, Eastern Hokkaido, we set a course of traverse from low-moor to high-moor, and collect living diatoms.
As a result of observation, the change in diatom species for each point on the course of traverse was recognized. We discuss about validity of the diatom variation associated with the hydrarch succession.

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The aims of this paper is to analyze the creative city by subculture in Osaka Nihonbashi area using GIS . For the subculture based city planning, it is important to be harmonize between the subculture and regional resources shown as rationality and historical culture.

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Using the case of Minuma-Tanbo, I clarify the sustainable system of Farmland with Public Ownership in Tokyo Metropolitan Suburbs. My main subject focuses on environmental policies and citizen groups activities. For example, Saitama prefectural government has the original policy of making noncultivated lands into public lands at Minuma-Tanbo. The public lands are made into rice fields. Citizen groups preserve the public lands as rice fields through the Saitama prefectural government's trust. Citizen groups provide experiences of farm work to citizens and schools, etc. This kind of effective use contributes to utilization purposes to preserve Minuma-Tanbo. 

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In contrast to the rapid development of outbound tourism since the 1980s, inbound tourism has played a minor role in the development of tourism in Japan until 2002. However, while their contribution to the overall Japanese tourism market is still well below 10%, foreign tourists spread unevenly across the country and play an important role in some destinations. As a result, some regionally restricted inbound clusters have evolved. This paper will compare three destinations and examine the motivations and behaviour of visiting foreign tourists.

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There are many foreign wives of Japanese living in the Great East Japan Earthquake disaster-stricken areas, who are mainly from China and Philippine. They have been distributed to rural areas. This study will discuss how to support them. 

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This presentation discusses on spatial characteristics of policy reference between Japanese local governments. At the case of policy sphere, “Act on Formation and Development of Regional Industrial Clusters through Promotion of Establishment of New Business Facilities, etc.” ,one of the new laws of regional economic policy, has taken up from the point of competition between local governments and administrative decentralization on policymaking in regional economic sphere. From the policy-making processes of Yokkaichi city and Kitakami city, the examples of pioneer local governments, both cities had drawn up their program by themselves and had not referred other local authorities. In addition, direct policy reference through inspections and inquiries from follower governments had not almost seen.

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 Kawakami Village, Nara has many marginal settlements and implemented vacant houses measure for the marginal settlement called “Housing net”.   We analyzed and evaluated the effectively of this vacant housing measure program.  As the results, this measure program has some merits for decreasing elder age ratio of settlement population. But the two types of vacant houses are popular in marginal settlements. These vacant house types depend on the condition of supporting activities of marginal settlement community. In our development of system, we must consider two types of vacant houses  as the system requirements of vacant houses measure supporting system using GIS.

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Geography Teacher demanded in Germany is drawn in KMK’s Standard for Teacher Education and DGfG’s Guidelines. Standard shows competences required for school teacher as professional in his major and subject teaching. Geography provides understanding Geosphere as complex-dynamic system and Human-Environment System. Competencies include evaluating sustainability in space and offering substitution. Sustainability is centered topic in geography teacher education. DGfG’s Guideline mentioned action oriented character of the Human-Environment system, so that this is scientific basement for social participation. To acquire interdisciplinarity in geography, unifing geography is emphasized. This interdisciplinarity offers interdisciplinary learning in ESD. DGfG make much account of geography education.

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NA

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There is a relation between the place of religious service of a wind and its landscape. It may be performed by their occupation (agriculture, fishing and so on) in a village and also by the difference of the local wind. The relation of the landscape and religious service of a wind was tried to clarify.

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As the results of the examination into the factor of adaptability of two kinds of crows to urban environment through nest site choices, Jungle Crows are adapted to areas crowded with tall and small buildings and Carrion Crows are adjusted to pavements.

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From the topographical angle with nature,history,culture,a folk,landscape,I concidered possibility of the geotoutism as the geographical-tourism.

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abstract in Japanese

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The relationship between land use and forest fires by both Native and Euro-Americans were studied in the Blue River watershed in the western Cascades. We examined possible interactions of land use and fire based on the location and timing of origin of even-aged forest stands mapped by interpretation of aerial photographs. Human-caused fires played no detected roles in the Native American period (pre-1930). In the period of Euro-American land uses forests near major highways (beginning in the 1860’s) and a mining area (1921-1930) experienced extensive known or probable human-caused fires. A high incidence of fire corresponding with timing of sheep grazing was limited to the period 1861-1880.

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In recent years, the large-scale insect damage has a problem in Mongolian forest. The factor expanding insect damage can be considered climate change, geographical condition, moisture condition, etc. In this paper, tree-ring analysis will be used in order to define the process that larch forest decline or recover after the insect damage and those factor.Dendrochronology has the research technique that restores age and climate and insect damage history etc. using tree-rings information.

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We compared the accuracy of five different methods of species distribution models in predicting the potential distribution of plant species in Japan. The result showed that, on average, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) had the highest accuracy, followed by Generalised Additive Models (GAM), Generalised Boosted Models (GBM), Random Forest (RF), and Classification Tree Analysis (CTA).

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Effects of the eruptions and environmental factor

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japanese

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Keywords: Akita prefecture, inbound tourism, Non-metropolitan Areas attractiveness, blog, location

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The aim of this paper is to explain about the level of GIS/MAP learning on the Basic Geography. There are four steps from A to D stage in GIS study. <A stage: level 1> Internet environment only required. Students can download some theme map from a WebGIS site. <B stage: level 2> Skill level which students download some digital GIS data and create some maps using WebGIS services. <C stage: level 3> GIS software needed. Students downloads some statistical data with maps and creates thematic map using GIS. . <D stage:level 4> Students can perform the spatial analysis using GIS.

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The objectives of this study is to assess the role of termite mounds as patches in vegetation dynamics of mopane vegetation.  Vegetation was surveyed using quadrats and spots on each termite mounds. Totally 26 quadrats, 13 on- and 13 off-the-mound, and 70 mounds were surveyed.  On-the-mound vegetation was classified into three types, as well as off-the-mound vegetation. At each vegetation type, tree number and species richness were much higher on termite mounds than surrounding. Some species were unique to the mounds, and appearance of evergreen trees and pioneer species were strongly linked to the mounds. Active mounds had fewer trees and species, compared with inactive ones.

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The change of the day of the river quality in winter was analyzed based on the secular change of water quality in the Uono river, and the feature and the factor of the change were considered from the field observation data that had been done the climate data and the field study.

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This study is focussing on the efficiency evaluation of up-to-date consolidants, a non-aquaeous collodial nanolime suspension, a well-known oligomeric tetraethoxysilane product, an extremely low viscous epoxy resin and for cultural heritage the most frequently used thermoplastic acrylic resin which is known from its good durability, high transparency and non-yellowing film-properties for the consolidation of Oya-tuff. The consolidation effect of nanolime particles were also studied on Ryukyu limestone and andesite.

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On the paleoclimatic reconstruction and a period decision, tree ring growth curve created by the cross-dating method is needed to use tree-ring samples in various places. It is necessary to accomplish on the area representativeness and to review whether the correlation among the areas and the correlation among the treespecies are intentional.  Also, we attempted to consider about the reliability only in the tree- ring for deciding the absolute year and for reconstructing the paleoclimatic and more to consider the relation and the continuity with paleo-climate material.

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