Geomorphological features determining distribution of Salix and Alnus species  along the upper Noro river in central Japan.

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Research of SHINSUI facilities planning by photograph and CS analysis

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The present report was intended to elucidate the distribution factors of the habitats of four Betula spp. (Betula platyphylla var. japonica, B. davurica, B. grossa and B. schmidtii) in the Soto-Chichibu Mountains.The habitats of B. platyphylla var. japonica and B. davurica were mainly distributed along the upper slopes of the Sanbagawa metamorphic rock areas. The habitats of B. grossa and B. schmidtii were mainly distributed along the upper and lower slopes (B. grossa) and rocky ridges (B. schmidtii) of the Chichibu paleo-mesozoic rock areas.Distribution of the four Betula spp. habitats was controlled by landform conditions associated with geological differences.

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Using geologic column documents on exposed areas of the OsakaFormation or the LowerTerraceDeposits, their discriminative Nvalues were obtained. And I judged the sedimentation layer to show N value which was lower than both with an alluvial bed and demanded this reasoning standard and clarified plains structure of this ground based on this.  A dashed line in Figure becomes a border of Alluvial&Pleistocene deposits by the existing way of thinking in the eastern end of the Senri Hills, but, as for the AlluvialBed in the relatively high gradient part, it is with the class of the LowTerraceDeposits by this report. 

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Agglomeration of the videogame industry in Fukuoka City has been intentionally formed by local game companies. This results from recent technological changes. This agglomeration, however, is under developing.

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Under a knowledege-based economy, regional innovation policies, such as the Industrial Cluster Policy and the Knowledge Cluster Policy, have been treated as important policies.  We attempt to investigate the development of industry-academy-governmet collaboration in some regions and argue the possibilities and problems for regional innovation in Japan.

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It is intended to clarify the one end in an example by Hitachinaka Seaside Railway about a problem of the suffering railroad restoration in this study.I put it after at the time of a representation bus service and railroad whole line restoration to clarify a change of the passenger flow with the railroad interruption in this study and carried out the OD survey for all all mail travelers daylong.

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The purpose of this study is to examine Geographical Perspective through the perceptions of high school students living in Tsushima island. With the building a picture of the world as the purpose of geographical education, Regional Perspective has most important significance. This paper also make mention of the challenge that we should investigate the relation between regions before building  a picture of the world.

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 In the symposium on "The Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster and geography: Reconsideration of hazard mapping", we discuss the role of hazard mapping and the way for the contribution of geography to disaster measures.

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This research was conducted to categorize municipalities according to CO2 emission characteristics and clarify their relationship with regional characteristics. As a result, the CO2 emission amount per capita in 2007, in urban municipalities that have the characteristics of higher population density and larger population size, the emission amount in the business sector was larger, and however, in the household sector, the transportation sector and the total of all sectors, it tended to be smaller. And, while it tended to be larger in the household sector and transportation sectors in cold regions, no significant trend was observed in the manufacturing sector.

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Many problems about land use arise because of various reasons.And In the future,the number of population will decrease in Japan,so new land use policy is needed.To estimate detailed land use change in future  more accurately , it is necessary to take into account  these factors comprehensively.
The purpose of study is developing land use change model considering social factors comprehensively and predict future land use ,and Using model simulation, consider the best policy to control development  and conserve green and agricultural area

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The author composed grid square statistics of agricultural census of Japan from its rural community statistics using GIS. Grid square statistics is analyzable in combination with other social and environmental statistics. The author made some analyses on a rural area's characteristics using grid square statistics.

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The current young generation can adapt to most of the work completed digitally. On the other hand, they can be a variety of social contribution using the Internet from remote locations. The Tohoku earthquake and tsunami that occurred in 2011 showed that in specific social practices by digital method and real method powerd by young generation. In this report relate to our action, geography and current issues.

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Otogizosi is a collection of folktales for children,  published in early premodern Japan. This author examined the geographical knowledge contained in this book. 36 of 68 provinces in Japan are mentioned. Some 90 utamakura(focal places in Japanese classics) and 40 temples/shrines are named. Local industries or products are scarcely described.

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Seasonal changes of death rates for the aged by prefecture in the year 2010

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The authors propose a simple observation method of a micro climate in a suburban area based on the plant indicator. Yellow leaves of gingko as a plant indicator act as a measure of environmental conditions. The authors observed and analyzed the yellow leaves of gingko planted in the suburbs of Tokyo (Tama Newtown), in autumn. The processes of the change to yellow leaves from green leaves are classified into simple patterns. From the results presented here, the authors propose the mathematical model of the change processes of the yellow leaves of gingko.

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terrestrial conditions of ak besim and surrounding ruins in the chu valley of the kyrgyz republic were investigated based on the satellite archeological geography (SAHiG). terrestrial conditions of ruins of the area were classified into four groups,  marginal place of terrace surface, central part of terrace, flank of confluent alluvial fan and flood plain of small river. ak besim was constructed at the flank of confluent alluvial fan. this condition is suitable for getting ground water and protect against sever flood from the mountains.  it is considered that the terrestrial condition of ak besim is most suitable for the capital.

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This research examines spatial characters of university-industry linkages of Kyushu University. Instead of highlighting local linkages, the author focuses on non-local collaborations, and explains what makes it possible. The results of the quantitative survey show that non-local linkages are dominant in Kyushu University, and the spatial characters vary by technology fields and size of firms. The results of qualitative survey show that face-to-face contact is still needed for transfer of tacit knowledge but not frequently. This implicates geographic proximity between university and firms is not necessary for collaborations at least at its continuation phase. 

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Geosites to be selected in protected areas should have a role in geoconservation. Promotion of research realted to geoconservation and involvement of the Ministry of the Environment for the geosite selection in the protected areas will be discussed. 

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Periodic Market and Pig Distribution in Bangladesh

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The purpose of this study is to examine development of workers’ collective and how they meet elderly welfare needs under the local condition. Facing the population aging, and the existence of housewives as workers, workers’ collectives have been located for almost 20 years in Fujisawa city, highly cooperating each other. They provide nursing-care service for the elderly, one is by long-term care insurance and the other is not by the insurance. The former contributes to their stable management, so that the later is provided for the local needs, no other providers take. That’s where workers' collective located under the local condition.

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The ground source heat pump (GSHP) is a highly efficient and renewable energy technology for space heating and cooling, with benefits including energy conservation and reduction in greenhouse gases emission. On the other hand, the GSHP installation under the ground might enhance pollutions in geo- heat environment due to thermal disturbance released from GSHP.
In this study, we culcurated the heat transfer coefficient and ground water flow based on the 3D geological model. Thenm we considered the best point for GSHP in part of Suginami and Setagaya district, Tokyo, Japan.

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SAR (synthetic aperture radar) is the measurement technology of ground surface condition by transmitted and received micro wave between a satellite or airplane antenna and the ground.  The Web page of Geospatial Information Authority of Japan has already published images of SAR interferometry using ALOS/PALSAR data that reflects crustal deformation by the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake (M9.0).  This image also shows local surface deformation apart from the crustal deformation, and we will report the possibility that this local deformation detects landslide surface deformation triggered by the earthquake.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the recruitment strategy and the store development. It is found that the recruitment strategy of the company has a great influence on its store operation and development. The company adopted price maintenance and managed directly. Setting up shops in the new area is limited to shopping street in front of the stations and large suburban shopping mall. The company opens 20 stores every year and takes on mid-career workers. These results lead to the conclusion that it becomes possible that setting new stores is rapidly.

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The role of geography is discussed for restration of rcontaminated area by adioactive materials in Abukuma Mountains, in Fukushima Prefecture. Team Chiba University for Yamakiya support activities are trying to detect actual conditions of the contamination based on the method of geography. The outcomes are presented in the symposium and express the attitude for decontamination.

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This paper compares an isopleths-based regionalization method to other methods that yield spatially contiguous sub-regions and investigates whether the isopleths-based method outperforms the other methods particularly in terms of the homogeneity of sub-regions. The Monte Carlo experiment revealed that the isopleths-based method tends to yield more homogeneous sub-regions than the other methods, but in some instances the isopleths-based method underperforms the other methods. However, the experiment also revealed that the more the number of spatial units, the less the cases where the isopleths-based method underperforms.

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Recently there have been many demands for using Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI)'s background map data without Digital Japan Web System, because of remarkable change of technical condition induced by the development of communication tools and devices.  Therefore, GSI developed the terms of use on GSI's background map data and published it on the Digital Japan Portal site (http://portal.cyberjapan.jp) on 6 October 2011.  In this poster presentation I will explain the contents of the terms.

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In this study characteristics of tourism in Salt Spring Island are investigated, with emphasis on sustainability.Tourism in the island is related to three types of newcomers-those of the artists, the retirees and the affluents.In the island, there are about 100 small accommodations, which have increased in the late 1980s.Mood by the residents which keeping the island isolated is a major factor in the success of sustainable tourism in the island destination.

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Evacuation behavior of Residents by nuclear-power disaster in Takabe Area, Iwaki City, Fukushima Pref.

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This presentation is to show the process of restructuring of the geostory around Lake Koyama in San’in Kaigan geopark, and suggest to select the geoheritages with a story line. It is important that a geosite has a rich geostory for its exploitation in the geoparks. Actually, the space and time scale of the geostory expands, and this makes various geotours for visitors/tourists in the geoparks. In San’in Kaigan geopark, people change the comprehension about “geo”from the narrow meanings to the wide by restructuring of the geostories.

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In this study, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) derived from long-term satellite datasets (AVHRR/GIMMS [1981–2006] and MODIS/TERRA [2000–2010]) was used to estimate changes in the vegetation cover in the Hunshandake Desert . To investigate the causes of the change in the vegetation cover, we analyzed the temperature, precipitation data, and statistical data regarding the grazing pressure and afforestation area, collected over a period of approximately 30 years. Moreover, a field survey was conducted to investigate the changes in the vegetation type, which is difficult to assess by remote sensing.  

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Abstract: In the discussion of so-called "Six Primary Industry", the actor beginning with the farmer is assumed to be the agents of agricultural processing. In some cases, however, they do not have the know-how of it. In this report, therefore, looks at the commercialization of agricultural processing by public subsidy through job creating, and review the status of agents. In this case, because the project aimed to create jobs, there was diversity among the agents. Cooperation between the agents has not been developed. Their common challenge was lack of business know-how and market development. Public support will be required.

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In recent years, the river environment had been changed by the development of flood control and water use in Lake Biwa catchment area. In particular, river structures such as weirs may affect the movement of fish. Therefore, we examined the river continuity and its change in Lake Biwa rivers.

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The purpose of this study is to examine socio-economic reconfiguration in the urbanized area effected by population decrease in a fringe area through a case of north-western part of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area (TMA). This study focuses on demographic changes, social changes through the analysis on social behaviors and economic changes by surveying trade and service activities. The sample area is composed of two cities and one town, which are located within a radius between 60 and 70 kilometers from the center of TMA and involve many commuters and students making a round trip to the central area of TMA.

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Recent researches have indicated that frequency of lightning discharges over highly urbanized area can possibly be increasing due to the effects of urbanization. In Japan, many researches have been published focusing on convective heavy rainfall around Tokyo metropolitan area. On the other hand however, no studies can be found concerning the urban effects on lightning activity.
 In this study, spatial patterns of lightning frequency around Tokyo metropolitan area are discussed based on the analysis of summertime lightning data over the course of 17 years (1994-2010). The data is obtained by LLS (Lightning Location System) operated by Tohoku Electric Power Company Inc..

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In late years the interest in coral reef rises very much. It is reason why values of coral reef recognized to many people in biodiversity, industry (sightseeing, fishery etc.) and culture in a relationship. However, about the value of the coral reef, the evaluation is often limited to biocoenosis part of the coral reef ecosystem. The coral reef ecosystem is established by the relationship mainly on the topography, a sediment - wave, the flow - creature on the coral reef. Nature of the earth science and they and interest and the understanding to a human relation are indispensable as well as understanding to biologic nature for the use and the protection of the coral reef. It may be a chance to clear this problem by the idea called the Geopark and its development as I spoke even arts and sciences meeting (Okinawa) in a fall in 2009. In this announcement, based on these recognition and I show attention points on " the Geo-heritage" or Geopark from coral reefs in Japan.

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 This study aims to examine development of multiple establishment of major advertising agencies and its restructuring in Japan.<BR> After the Second World War, most of advertising agencies expanded their offices to regions to get new accounts. In 1990s, some of major advertising agencies established regional subsidiary companies. One of the reasons was to offer region-based service; another was to save on labor costs by establishing wage system every region. In 2000’s they merged regional subsidiary companies to save management cost by integrating management function and strengthen management base of regional subsidiary companies by expanding scale of operation.

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This research is about Changes in Regional Agriculture by Development of Community Farming in Akita.

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In this study, I analyzed the evolution of production activities and peddling activities of vegetables in Kamigamo district, Kyoto city, and I examined factor in the continuation of peddling activities. Factor in the continuation of peddling activities in the Kamigamo district is narrowness of the farmland area. Therefore, farmer in the Kamigamo district cannot mass-produce of vegetables. Small lot production of many products of vegetables in the Kamigamo district is suitable for peddling activities.

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Koriyama Formation and Pyroclastic Flow Deposit Distributed under Koriyama Basin, Northeast Japan.

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This study aims to discuss the relationships between the landform changes and rainfall in the upper reaches of the R.Azusa. The geomorphological maps, photographs taken in every 10 minute and rainfall data from AMeDAS in Kamikochi were used for discussions. In 2011 heavy rainfall events occurred on 10 May (before the Baiu rainy season), 23 June (in the Baiu) and 20 September (by typhoon). Daily rainfall was recorded over 120mm. The landform changed in the May or June event. Although flooding water covered large extent of the riverbed during the September event, only minor landform change was recorded.

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I propose that we must select 100 Heritage of the Earth, for the progress in status of Geography.

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Chronology of surface materials on Haku-un Cirque, central Daisetsu-zan Mountains

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 This presentation examines the ways in which information and communication technology (ICT) is used with a view to improving medical desert for some cases concerning regional medical information networks in the disaster areas, Japan. Geographical research has estimated the role of information systems as a means of providing public services. As such services involve public funding; accessibility as well as cost-efficient use should be taken into account in their provision. The existing ICT are developed to process information effectively. However, the role of ICT as an information infrastructure has been spotlighted after the Great East Japan Earthquake. 

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The aim of this study is to examine restructuring of passenger boat services in the island of Seto-inland sea. After 2000, these services are greatly influenced by high price of crude oil, change of transportation policy and of the rerationship between public sector and private sector. Hence, the basis of exsitence is changing in these services.

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