Am 2. September 1916, am Sedantage, fand die feierliche Einweihung der Deutschen Bücherei statt, aber der erste Weltkrieg und seine wirtschaftlichen Folgeerscheinungen hatten die Existenz der jungen Bibliothek ernsthaft bedroht. Nach weiteren Verhandlungen trat das Reich 1923 dem Kreis der Unterhaltsträger bei; es zahlte fortan zwei Fünftel des Haushalts, Sachsen das gleiche und die Stadt Leipzig ein Fünftel.
　Nach der Krisenzeit konnte sich die Deutsche Bücherei den ihr gestellten Aufgaben voll widmen. So war die Deutsche Bücherei, deren bibliographische Tätigkeit im Jahre 1921 mit der Bearbeitung des “Täglichen Verzeichnisses der Neuerscheinungen” und des “Wöchentlichen Verzeichnisses der erschienenen und der vorbereiteten Neuigkeiten des deutschen Buchhandels” begonnen hatte, Anfang der dreissiger Jahre mit der Bearbeitung und Herausgabe der “Deutschen Nationalbibliographie” zur Zentrale der deutschen Allgemeinbibliographie geworden. 1938 verfügte sie über einen Bestand von rund 1½ Millionen Bände.
　Gerade zu dem Zeitpunkt, als sich die Bibliothek nationales und internationales Ansehen verschafft hatte, übernahm der Faschismus die Macht in Deutschland. 1933 kam die Bibliothek unter die Aufsicht des Reichsministeriums für Volksaufklärung und Propaganda. Infolge der faschistischen Politik wurden die Sammelaufgaben der Bibliothek entstellt und die Beschaffung der sammelpflichtigen Literatur sowie ihre bibliographische Verzeichnung eingeengt. 1939 musste die öffentliche Benutzung der Bibliothek eingeschränkt und 1944 gänzlich eingestellt werden; es war fraglich, ob die Bibliothek am Leben bleiben würde.

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　The word “information” is sometimes treated in every-day life as if it were an object or a thing. It seems to me, however, the information viewed from the framework of being conscious is an informed pattern reflected and impressed on the personality.
　I first assume that a man's action, or his concrete labour, transforms the subjective pattern in his consciousness into an objective pattern with a distinctive character. Secondly, at the same time, an object matter attached itself to the objectified pattern can be shaped by a socially necessary means of the expression of an intersubjective idea, that is, a composition (i.e. subjective pattern based upon the pattern originally informed on his mind. In other words, it is an expenditure of human labour-power in the abstract. Such a process may now be called objectification.
　The objectified pattern above mentioned may be (a) perceived by an observer as a sign, that is, an “in-formed” pattern so called “information” which means something particular to him. The information as subjectified or a perceptual image focussed on his personality may be (b) referred to his frame of reference, understood as a meaning focussed on his subjective knowledge, and then (c) stored systematically as an intersubjective matter. It can perhaps be admitted to consider this process as subjectification.
　Information processes, therefore, involved in the context of transformations of the phenomenal world must be analysed in terms of consciousness of human behavior into its twofold form—creative or productive process, and evaluative or constructive process.
　The creative mechanism of information direct the system technologically to make it active as an organization and objectifies subjectified patterns. The constructive mechanism, on the contrary, controls the system theoretically and subjectifies objectifies patterns.
　To turn our eyes now to the field of library phenomena, such a reciprocal process of human communication between objectification and subjectification as found in the framework of every-day language can serve as an indication of the analysis of the fundamental concept of information in and around the systemic-functional apparatus. To say the point more plainly, I argue that the library apparatus operates on two sorts of mechanism of information—the one is constructive or analytic, the other is creative or synthetic. In other words, the constructive one systematizes thought content of books for preservation, that is, materialization—the mechanism of information in subject cataloging. The creative one organizes and transforms functionally the system for preservation to utilization, that is, formalization—the mechanism of information in descriptive cataloging in a broad sense.
　The library, of course, should be an effective mechanism for facilitating the interaction between systematized thought content and the individual interest. Furthermore, it must be emphasized from the standpoint of one's free association of ideas that this is not only a socially necessary means for idealization of thought content by information work as practiced by information intermediaries but for its realization by individuals.

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　The library science developed with academic libraries in Europe, has various fields of librarianship, while library economy of public libraries in Americe made remarkable progress and there are many articles and monographs on specific topics, but no whole outline.
　Modern library service requiring complehensive informations necessarily makes systems or networks, and now National Comminion on Libraries and Information Science is established. Reflecting such situations, there are several introductions to library science, and I observed, among them, Dr.Gate's and Dr. Shera's. The former selects topics according to public opinions of more than one handred scholars, whose work is popular and balanced. The latter selects unique topics and debates on his own theory and philosophy, whose opinon would encourage young scholars and students.

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