The application of marketing theory in library management is a sort of fashion today especially in the Western countries. It does not mean, however, that a marketing theory is well formulated in the theory of library management. Together with marketing theory, the concept of public relations (PR) seems to be important as well.
It is also true that there is some confusion, both theoretically and practically. It is necessary to clarify the frame of reference of marketing and PR and to find their positions in the theory of library management, so that marketing and PR can be workable concepts in library activities. This paper discusses the application of marketing and PR theory, which were originally developed in business administration, to library management as a nonprofit organization, in the belief that marketing and PR theory will help reshape a better relationship between a library and the public.
First of all, the paper reviews the general theory of marketing and public relations, and try to make it applicable to a non-profit organization like a library. Secondly, the paper analyses the conditions in the library organization and personnel policy that are required for a successful application of marketing and PR theory. The paper also refer to the circumstances peculiar to the Japanese library community which may cause some problems for marketing and PR in a library. Lastly, the paper discuss the benefits of marketing and PR activities, and envisage the future of library management.

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The purpose of this study is to clarify children's reading interests. Circulation records of 30 boys and 33 girls were analysed, and the following were found.
(1) Those children have a tendency to borrow books they had once read. Therefore, the book talk and the storytelling are effective means for promoting children's reading interests.
(2) Difference in the interests between boys and girls appears even in 3 years old, especially in nonfiction books and picture books.
(3) Reading tendencies of the children were generally divided into 5 classes.

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N. A. Ruberkin (1862-1948) was a Russian bibliographer as well as a librarian, who has been famous for the editor of the bibliographies Among books that contained 16,000 titles of Russian literatures.
Upon the basis of a series of the surveys of readers among Russian and Swiss, in 1928 he wrote a book titled Psychologly of readers and books: the outline of bibliopsychology, in which be intended to create a theory on relationship between readers and books, using “muneme theory” that was set up by the R. Semon (1859-1914), a German biologist.
Although the “muneme theory” of the 19th century seemed outdated, Ruberkin's book has not been outdated, which would be due mainly to the following reasons: ① An unique communication theory that under the conception of “book phenomena” put three major components of communication: authors (speakers) —books (words and phrases) —readers (auditors);② Creation of the “readers” as a conceptional model.

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