The pursose of this study is to make clear the contents of Pierce Butler's work, which is regarded as the foundation of his Chicago years, especially his accomplishment of the John M.Wing Foundation at the Newberry Library.Itis examined the way of the development of the collection as well as the factorof its accomplishment.The principal findings of this study are as follows.Reflecting the Newberry Library's interest, Butler decided to establish the collection of the history of printing from the position both in the humanities and in critical scholarship.Since he considered the historical, critical and aesthetic value for the collection, he focused on incunabula.Through his enthusiastic but rational acquisition activities, Butler succeededin establishing the significant incunabula collection.In the background of his accomplishment, some causes were also found such as Butler's extensive scholarship, the Newberry Library's positive tendency in it's growth period, and the favorable chance for American buyers under the post-war inflation during 1920's.

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This paper is a report of a survey of formal library user education offered at 268 small-sized college libraries.The survey method is the same as one adopted for mid-sized university libraries in 1994. The survey revealed that 105 of the 268 libraries planned their own orientation independertly of their parent organizations and that 132 libraries set up additional programs besides normal orientation.It is found that, comparing with large or mid-sized university libraries, more college libraries provide independent orientations programs accompanied with library tours.It is also found that college libraries can not be divided into two distinct groups found in mid-sized university libraries as far as user education programs are concerned.One group is those libraries which provided much more advanced user education programs.The other one is those which provided only minimal orientation programs.

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"Daigaku tosyokan no gyomu bunseki"(A Report on Descriptive List of Professional and Nonprofessional Duties in College and University Libraries)(hereafter cited as the gyomu bunseki)is a report on a list of duties being made for the use in college and university libraries in Japan.The gyomu bunseki was made foollowing the trends of the separation of duties in Anglo-American libraries.The gyomu bunseki was made by the Special Committee on the Professionalism of Certified Librarian of the Association on the Library Director of National University Libraries(afterward, the Council of National University Libraries), and was published by the Japan Library Association in 1968.The purpose of this paper is to clarify the establishing process of the gyomu bunseki and its influence on the Japanese library circles.For this study, 44 literatures on the gyomu bunseki and related papers were gathered and analyzed.Moreover, to have more information, I interviewed Mr.Toshio Iwasaru who had been the chief draftsman of the gyomu bunseki.As the results, following facts were elucidated.1)Significance of the gyomu bunseki was(1)specifing all duties in college and university libraries, and(2)specifing highly professional duties in college and university libraries.2)As the limits of the gyomu bunseki, following facts were cited.Namely, (1)there was no writing how to use it, (2)there was no specification who took charge of nonprofessional duties and interim measures, (3)no revision was made on it afterward.3)At that time, in the Japanese library circles, library science research and education were not matured to accept the gyomu bunseki as the foundation of library managements.4)However, the gyomu bunseki was a firstly proposed list of duties and it showed the whole system of the library works in college and university libraries in Japan.Therefore, it is a basic literature for thinking about how libraries should be managed hereafter.

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